sv11za
As filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on December 7,
2009
Registration
No. 333-162889
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.
20549
Amendment No. 1
to
Form S-11
FOR REGISTRATION
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF
1933
OF SECURITIES
OF CERTAIN REAL ESTATE
COMPANIES
CHATHAM LODGING TRUST
(Exact name of registrant as
specified in governing instruments)
50 Cocoanut Row,
Suite 200
Palm Beach, Florida
33480
(561) 802-4477
(Address, including zip code,
and telephone number, including area code, of registrants
principal executive offices)
Jeffrey H. Fisher
Chief Executive
Officer
50 Cocoanut Row,
Suite 200
Palm Beach, Florida
33480
(561) 802-4477
(Name, address, including zip
code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for
service)
Copies to:
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David C. Wright
Hunton & Williams LLP
Riverfront Plaza, East Tower
951 E. Byrd Street
Richmond, Virginia
23219-4074
(804) 788-8200
(804) 788-8218
(Telecopy)
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Julian T. H. Kleindorfer
Latham & Watkins LLP
355 South Grand Avenue
Los Angeles, California 90071-1560
(213) 485-1234
(213) 891-8763(Telecopy)
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Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the
public: As soon as practicable after the
effective date of this Registration Statement.
If any of the Securities registered on this Form are to be
offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to
Rule 415 under the Securities Act, check the following
box: o
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an
offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act,
check the following box and list the Securities Act registration
statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same
offering. o
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to
Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following
box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of
the earlier effective registration statement for the same
offering. o
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to
Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following
box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of
the earlier effective registration statement for the same
offering. o
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to
Rule 434, please check the following
box. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large
accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated
filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of
large accelerated filer, accelerated
filer and smaller reporting company in
Rule 12b-2
of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
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Large accelerated
filer o
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Accelerated
filer o
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Non-accelerated
filer þ
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Smaller reporting
company o
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(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on
such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective
date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which
specifically states that this Registration Statement shall
thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a)
of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration
Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission,
acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
The
information in this prospectus is not complete and may be
changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration
statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is
effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these
securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these
securities in any state where the offer or sale is not
permitted.
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Subjected to Completion,
dated ,
2009
PROSPECTUS
Shares
Common Shares
This is the initial public offering of the common shares of
beneficial interest, or common shares, of Chatham Lodging Trust.
We are
offering
common shares. No public market currently exists for our common
shares.
We expect to apply for listing of our common shares on the New
York Stock Exchange under the symbol
.
Concurrently with the closing of this offering, in a separate
private placement pursuant to Regulation D under the
Securities Act of 1933, we will
sell
common shares (representing $10 million) to our chief
executive officer, Jeffrey H. Fisher, at a price per share equal
to the price to the public, and without payment by us of any
underwriting discount or commission.
We anticipate that the initial public offering price will be
$ per share.
Investing in our common shares involves risks. See Risk
Factors beginning on page 10 of this prospectus for a
discussion of the following and other risks that you should
consider before investing in our common shares:
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We are recently formed and have no operating history. We have
entered into an agreement to acquire six hotels following
closing of this offering, although we have not identified any
other specific hotel properties to acquire or committed a
substantial portion of the net proceeds of this offering to any
other specific hotel property investment. Investors will not be
able to evaluate the economic merits of investments we make with
a substantial portion of the net proceeds prior to purchasing
common shares in this offering. We may be unable to invest the
proceeds on acceptable terms, or at all.
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There can be no assurance that we will complete the acquisition
of the six hotels that we currently have under contract to
purchase.
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Our success will depend upon the efforts and expertise of our
management team. The loss of their services could have an
adverse impact on our business.
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Failure of lodging industry fundamentals to improve may
adversely affect our ability to execute our business strategy.
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In order to qualify as a REIT, we will not be able to operate
our hotels, and our returns will depend on the management of our
hotels by third-party hotel management companies.
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Our failure to qualify as a REIT would result in higher taxes
and reduced cash available for distribution to our shareholders
and may have significant adverse consequences on the market
price of our common shares.
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Because our chief executive officer, Mr. Fisher, owns 90%
of Island Hospitality Management Inc., or IHM, a hotel
management company that we may engage to manage certain hotels
we acquire, conflicts of interest may arise as to the terms of
management agreements between us and IHM.
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Per Share
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Total
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Price to the public
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$
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$
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Underwriting discounts and commissions
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$
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$
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Proceeds to us (before expenses)
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$
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$
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We have granted the underwriters the option to purchase up to an
additional
common shares from us, at the offering price, less the
underwriting discount, within 30 days of the date of this
prospectus to cover over-allotments, if any.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state
securities commission has approved or disapproved of these
securities or passed on the adequacy or accuracy of this
prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
Barclays Capital, on behalf of the underwriters, expects to
deliver the common shares on or
about ,
20 .
Barclays Capital
Prospectus
dated ,
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TABLE OF
CONTENTS
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F-1
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II-6
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EX-10.4 |
EX-23.1 |
EX-23.2 |
You should rely only on the information contained in this
prospectus, any free writing prospectus prepared by us or
information to which we have referred you. We have not, and the
underwriters have not, authorized any other person to provide
you with different information. If anyone provides you with
different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on
it. We are not, and the underwriters are not, making an offer to
sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or
sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information
appearing in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date on
the front cover of this prospectus or another date specified
herein. Our business, financial condition and prospects may have
changed since such dates.
Until (the
25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers
that effect transactions in our common shares, whether or not
participating in the offering, may be required to deliver a
prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers obligation
to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with
respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.
i
PROSPECTUS
SUMMARY
The following summary highlights information contained
elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary is not complete and
does not contain all of the information that you should consider
before investing in our common shares. You should read the
entire prospectus, including Risk Factors before
making a decision to invest in our common shares. In this
prospectus, references to our company,
we, us, and our mean Chatham
Lodging Trust and our subsidiaries and references to our
operating partnership mean Chatham Lodging, L.P.
Unless otherwise indicated, the information contained in this
prospectus assumes (1) the common shares to be sold to the
public in this offering will be sold at
$ per share, (2) the sale in
a concurrent private placement to Jeffrey H. Fisher
of
common shares at a price per share equal to the initial public
offering price per share and without the payment of any
underwriting discount or commission by us and (3) no
exercise by the underwriters of their overallotment option to
purchase up
to
additional common shares.
Overview
We are a self-advised hotel investment company organized in
October 2009 to invest in premium-branded upscale extended-stay,
select-service, and full-service hotels. We expect that a
significant portion of our portfolio will consist of hotels in
the upscale extended-stay category, including brands such as
Residence Inn by
Marriott®,
Homewood Suites by
Hilton®
and Summerfield Suites by
Hyatt®.
Upscale extended-stay hotels typically have the following
characteristics:
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their principal customer base includes business travelers who
are on extended assignments and corporate relocations;
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their services and amenities include complimentary breakfast and
evening hospitality hour, high-speed internet access, in-room
movie channels, limited meeting space, daily linen and room
cleaning service,
24-hour
front desk, guest grocery services, and an
on-site
maintenance staff; and
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their physical facilities include large suites, quality
construction, full separate kitchens in each guest suite,
quality room furnishings, pool, and exercise facilities.
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We also intend to invest in premium-branded select-service
hotels such as Courtyard by
Marriott®,
Hampton
Inn®
and Hampton Inn and
Suites®.
The service and amenity offerings of these hotels typically
include complimentary breakfast, high-speed internet access,
local calls, in-room movie channels, and daily linen and room
cleaning service. In addition, we intend to selectively invest
in premium-branded full-service hotels. The service and amenity
offerings of these hotels often include full-service
restaurants, lounges, room service, meeting rooms, banquet and
catering services, as well as high-speed internet access, local
calls, in-room movie channels, and daily linen and room cleaning
service. We intend to invest primarily in hotels in the 25
largest metropolitan markets in the United States. We believe
that current market conditions will create attractive
opportunities to acquire high quality hotels at cyclically low
prices that will benefit from an improving economy and our
aggressive asset management.
Our management team, led by our chief executive officer, Jeffrey
H. Fisher, has extensive experience acquiring, developing,
financing, repositioning, managing and selling hotels. Prior to
forming Chatham Lodging Trust, Mr. Fisher served as
chairman, chief executive officer and president of Innkeepers
USA Trust, or Innkeepers, a New York Stock Exchange-listed hotel
real estate investment trust, or REIT, from its inception in
1994 through its sale in June 2007. Mr. Fisher successfully
grew Innkeepers from a portfolio of seven hotels at the time of
its initial public offering, or IPO, in 1994 to 74 hotels
at the time of its sale and delivered strong returns for
Innkeepers shareholders. Seven of the eight members of the
board of trustees of Innkeepers at the time of its sale in June
2007 have agreed to serve as trustees of our company effective
upon closing of this offering.
We have entered into an agreement to purchase six high quality,
upscale all-suite extended stay hotels located in attractive
markets from wholly owned subsidiaries of RLJ Development, LLC
for
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an aggregate purchase price of $73.5 million. Each of
these initial hotels, which we refer to collectively in this
prospectus as the initial acquisition hotels, operates under the
Homewood Suites by
Hilton®
brand. The initial acquisition hotels contain an aggregate of
813 suites and are located in the major metropolitan statistical
areas, or MSAs, of Boston, Massachusetts; Minneapolis,
Minnesota; Nashville, Tennessee; Dallas, Texas; Hartford,
Connecticut and Orlando, Florida. The upscale all-suite
residential style Homewood Suites by
Hilton®
brand caters to travelers typically seeking home-like amenities
from a hotel when traveling for several days or more. Each
spacious suite typically offers separate living and sleeping
areas and a fully operational kitchen to satisfy guests
needs for comfort, flexibility and convenience.
We believe that our senior managements relationship and
successful past transaction history while at Innkeepers with RLJ
Development, LLC, the parent company of the sellers of the six
initial acquisition hotels, helped facilitate this attractive
off-market transaction. We believe that there are a limited
number of potential buyers currently able to compete for
acquisitions of portfolios such as the initial acquisition
hotels since there are no current public lodging REITs primarily
focused on acquiring and owning upscale extended-stay hotels and
many potential private buyers may not have access to sufficient
equity or debt capital to complete acquisitions of this size.
The initial acquisition hotels have a number of attractive
characteristics that make them an excellent fit with our
business strategy:
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Our purchase price of $90,406 per room represents a substantial
discount to our estimate of replacement cost.
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The hotels are located in major MSAs.
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The hotels are attractively situated within their markets in
areas with high barriers to entry, since little comparable land
is available to build new competing hotels.
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The hotels are located near multiple demand generators that
contribute both business and leisure guests, including major
office parks, universities, airports and leading regional and
international tourist attractions.
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The hotels have the opportunity for significant performance
improvement when the economy recovers.
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The hotels have potential to benefit from additional capital
investment at a time when we believe few competitors can afford
to reinvest in their properties.
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The hotels are upscale extended-stay properties that operate
under the high quality Homewood Suites by
Hilton®
brand.
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We believe this acquisition demonstrates our ability to execute
our business strategy of acquiring high quality upscale
extended-stay and premium-branded select service hotels located
in markets with strong growth potential and high barriers to
entry at attractive prices. The initial acquisition hotels will
provide us with a strong initial platform to faciliate the
future growth of our company.
We will own each of the initial acquisition hotels in fee simple
and will lease the hotels to subsidiaries of our taxable REIT
subsidiary, or TRS, Chatham TRS Holding, Inc. We refer to our
TRS and its lessee subsidiaries as our TRS lessees. Our TRS
lessees will assume the existing management agreements with the
current manager, Promus Hotels, Inc., a subsidiary of Hilton
Hotels Corporation, or Hilton, which will continue to manage the
initial acquisition hotels following our acquisition. We expect
to close this acquisition shortly after completing this offering
and the concurrent private placement.
Upon completion of this offering and the concurrent private
placement to Mr. Fisher and following our purchase of the
initial acquisition hotels, we expect to have approximately
$ million of cash available
to invest in additional hotel properties and we will have no
debt.
2
We intend to elect and qualify to be treated as a REIT for
federal income tax purposes.
Market
Opportunity
We believe current market conditions will create attractive
opportunities to acquire hotel properties at prices that
represent significant discounts to replacement cost and that
provide potential for significant long-term value appreciation.
U.S. hotel industry operating performance has declined
substantially over the last year due to the challenging economic
conditions created by declining gross domestic product, or GDP,
high levels of unemployment, low consumer confidence, the
significant decline in home prices and a reduction in the
availability of credit. In addition to facing declining
operating results, hotel owners have been adversely impacted by
a significant decline in the availability of debt financing. The
commercial mortgage-backed securities, or CMBS, market
historically provided a significant amount of debt financing to
the hotel industry, especially from 2004 to 2007, but
effectively has been closed since July 2008. Banks and insurance
companies, traditionally significant sources of debt financing
for the hotel industry, have been significantly impacted by
losses in their loan portfolios, causing them to reduce their
lending to the hotel industry. We believe that the combination
of declining operating performance and reduction in the
availability of debt financing have caused hotel values to
decline and will lead to increased hotel loan foreclosures and
distressed hotel property sales. In addition, we believe that
the supply of new hotels is likely to remain low for the next
several years due to weak industry operating fundamentals and
limited availability of debt financing. Hotel industry operating
performance historically has correlated with U.S. GDP
growth, and a number of economists and government agencies
currently predict that the U.S. economy will resume growth
over the next several years. We believe that U.S. GDP
growth, coupled with limited supply of new hotels, will lead to
significant increases in lodging industry revenue per available
room, or RevPAR, a key industry operating statistic, and hotel
operating profits. We believe that our management teams
significant experience in acquiring hotels, our growth oriented
capital structure with no legacy issues, and our focused
business strategy will position us to take advantage of hotel
investment opportunities created by current market conditions.
Competitive
Strengths
Experienced management team: We believe that
our senior executive officers, who have extensive lodging
industry experience, will help drive our companys growth.
Our management team is led by Mr. Fisher who has over
23 years of experience in the lodging industry, including
13 years as founder and chief executive officer of
Innkeepers. Mr. Fisher has longtime relationships with
hotel owners (such as RLJ Development LLC, the parent company of
the sellers of the initial acquisition hotels), developers,
management companies, franchisors, brokers, financiers, research
analysts and institutional investors.
Strong acquisition and growth
record: Mr. Fisher formed Innkeepers through
a $46.9 million IPO in 1994 and served as its chairman and
chief executive officer until it was sold at a total enterprise
value of approximately $1.5 billion in 2007.
Mr. Fisher successfully grew Innkeepers from a portfolio of
seven hotels at the time of its IPO in 1994 to 74 hotels at the
time of its sale. An investment in Innkeepers common
shares from the date of its IPO through the date of its sale
generated a total return of approximately 318% for each share
purchased at the IPO price of $10.00 per share (assuming
reinvestment of all cash dividends paid by Innkeepers on its
common shares for all periods following its IPO in additional
common shares at then-current market prices). Over the period
beginning in the same month as the Innkeepers IPO and ending in
June 2007, the month that Innkeepers was sold, the FTSE NAREIT
Equity Lodging/Resorts Index increased by approximately 209%.
Prudent capital structure with no legacy
issues: We believe that many potential buyers of
hotel properties typically utilize significant levels of debt to
fund acquisitions and thus may be limited in their ability to
make acquisitions under current market conditions. In addition,
we believe many potential buyers of hotel properties already
have high leverage levels which could limit their ability to
acquire additional properties. At the close of this offering and
the concurrent private placement to
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Mr. Fisher, and following our purchase of the initial
acquisition hotels, we will have approximately
$ million of cash available
to invest in additional hotel properties and we will have no
debt. We plan to maintain a prudent capital structure and intend
to limit our consolidated indebtedness to not more than 35% of
our investment in hotel properties at cost (defined as our
initial acquisition price plus the gross amount of any
subsequent capital investment and excluding any impairment
charges).
Longtime relationships with leading lodging franchise and
management companies: Mr. Fisher has longtime
relationships with several leading hotel franchise and
management companies, having acquired and developed a
significant number of hotels operated under Marriotts
Residence
Inn®
and Courtyard by
Marriott®
brands and Hiltons Hampton
Inn®
brand. Prior to its sale in 2007, Innkeepers owned 44 Residence
Inns, making it one of the worlds largest owners of
Residence Inn hotels. Mr. Fisher currently serves as a
Board Member of Marriotts The Residence Inn Association
(TRIA). Mr. Fisher was one of the early franchisees of
Hampton Inn hotels and Innkeepers owned twelve Hampton Inns at
the time of its sale.
Strategy and
Investment Criteria
Our primary objective is to generate attractive returns for our
shareholders through investing in hotel properties at prices
that provide strong risk-adjusted returns on invested capital,
paying dividends and generating long-term value appreciation. We
believe we can create long-term value by pursuing the following
strategies:
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Disciplined acquisition of hotel
properties: We intend to invest primarily in
premium-branded upscale extended-stay, select-service and
full-service hotels in the 25 largest metropolitan markets in
the United States. We will focus on acquiring hotel properties
at prices below replacement cost in markets that have strong
demand generators and where we expect demand growth will outpace
new supply. We will also seek to acquire properties that we
believe are undermanaged or undercapitalized.
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Opportunistic hotel repositioning: We intend
to employ value-added strategies, such as re-branding,
renovating, or changing management, when we believe such
strategies will increase the operating results and values of the
hotels we acquire.
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Aggressive asset management: Although as a
REIT we cannot operate our hotels, we will work closely with our
third-party management companies to maximize hotel operating
performance. Our asset management activities will seek to ensure
that our third-party managers effectively utilize franchise
brands marketing programs, develop effective sales
management policies and plans, operate properties efficiently,
control costs, and develop operational initiatives for our
hotels that increase guest satisfaction. We will reinvest in our
hotels to maintain quality, increase long-term value and
generate attractive returns.
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Flexible selection of hotel management
companies: We intend to be flexible in our
selection of hotel management companies and select managers that
we believe will maximize the performance of our hotels. We
intend to utilize brand-affiliated management companies such as
Marriott International, Inc., Hilton Worldwide, Starwood
Hotels & Resorts Worldwide, Inc., Hyatt Hotels
Corporation and InterContinental Hotels Group, although we also
may utilize independent management companies, which may include
IHM. We believe this strategy will increase the universe of
potential acquisition opportunities we can consider because many
hotel properties are encumbered by long-term management
contracts. We believe that our willingness to utilize
brand-affiliated management companies may lead to these
companies bringing off-market transactions to our
attention that may not be available to other hotel investors. An
affiliate of Hilton Hotels Corporation will manage the six
initial acquisition hotels.
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Selective Investment in Hotel Debt: We may
consider selectively investing in debt secured by hotel property
if we believe we can foreclose on or acquire ownership of the
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underlying hotel property in the relative near term. We do not
intend to invest in any debt where we do not expect to gain
ownership of the underlying property or to originate any debt
financing.
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Summary Risk
Factors
An investment in our common shares involves various risks. You
should carefully consider the matters discussed in Risk
Factors beginning on page 10 of this prospectus
before you decide whether to invest in our common shares. Some
of the risks include the following:
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We were organized in October 2009 and have no operating history.
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We currently do not own any hotel properties. We have entered
into an agreement to purchase the six initial acquisition hotels
following closing of this offering, although we have not
identified any other specific hotel properties to acquire or
committed a substantial portion of the net proceeds of this
offering to any other specific hotel property investment.
Accordingly, you will not be able to evaluate the merits of
investments we make with a substantial portion of the net
proceeds of this offering. We may be unable to invest the net
proceeds on acceptable terms, or at all.
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The closing of our purchase of the initial acquisition hotels is
subject to customary closing conditions and there can be no
assurance that we will complete such purchase.
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Our success will depend upon the efforts and expertise of our
management team. The loss of their services, and our inability
to find suitable replacements, could have an adverse impact on
our business.
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A substantial part of our business strategy is based on our
belief that lodging industry fundamentals will improve. If these
fundamentals do not improve when or as we expect, or
deteriorate, our ability to execute our business strategy and
our financial condition, operating results and cash flow may be
adversely affected.
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We will rely on third-party hotel management companies to
operate our hotel properties under the terms of hotel management
agreements. Even if we believe our hotel properties are being
operated inefficiently or in a manner that does not result in
satisfactory RevPAR or profits, we may not be able to force the
hotel management company to change its method of operating our
hotels.
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Our hotel management agreements will require us to bear the
operating risks of our hotel properties. Any increases in
operating expenses or decreases in revenues may have a
significant adverse impact on our operating results and cash
flow.
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Because our chief executive officer, Mr. Fisher, owns 90%
of IHM, a hotel management company that we may engage to manage
certain hotels we acquire, conflicts of interest may arise as to
the terms of management agreements between us and IHM.
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To qualify for taxation as a REIT, we generally will be required
to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income,
determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid
and excluding any net capital gain, each year to our
shareholders and we will be subject to regular corporate income
taxes to the extent that we distribute less than 100% of our
REIT taxable income each year. As a result, our ability to fund
capital expenditures, acquisitions and hotel redevelopment
through retained earnings will be very limited. We may not be
able to fund capital improvements or acquisitions solely from
cash provided from our operating activities. Consequently, after
investing the net proceeds of this offering, we will rely upon
the availability of debt or equity capital to fund investments
in hotel properties and capital improvements. There can be no
assurance that we will be able to obtain such financing on
favorable terms or at all. We also may not generate sufficient
cash flow to fund distributions required to maintain our
qualification as a REIT.
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If we fail to qualify, or lose our qualification, as a REIT, we
will be subject to federal income tax on our taxable income. Our
hotel properties leased by our TRS lessees must be operated by
eligible independent contractors, as defined in the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, in order
for our TRS lessees to qualify as such and for the rental income
from our TRS leases to qualify as rents from real property under
the applicable REIT income tests. Complex constructive ownership
rules under the Code apply in determining whether a person
qualifies as an eligible independent contractor.
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We will incur a 100% excise tax on transactions with our TRSs,
including our TRS lessees, that are not conducted on an
arms-length basis.
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Subject to certain exceptions, our declaration of trust provides
that no person may beneficially own more than 9.8% in value or
in number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the
outstanding shares of any class or series of our shares of
beneficial interest. In addition, our declaration of trust and
bylaws contain other provisions that may delay, defer or prevent
an acquisition of control of our company by a third party
without our board of trustees approval, even if our
shareholders believe the change of control is in their best
interests.
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Because real estate investments are relatively illiquid, our
ability to promptly sell one or more hotel properties for
reasonable prices in response to changing economic, financial
and investment conditions will be limited. In addition, because
some of our hotel management agreements may be long-term and may
not terminate in the event of a sale, our ability to sell hotel
properties may be further limited.
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Our
Organizational Structure
We were formed as a Maryland REIT in October 2009. We are the
sole general partner of Chatham Lodging, L.P., the subsidiary
through which we will conduct substantially all of our
operations and make substantially all of our investments and
which we refer to as our operating partnership. Upon completion
of this offering, we will contribute to our operating
partnership the net proceeds of this offering as our initial
capital contribution in exchange for substantially all of the
limited partnership interests in our operating partnership. In
the future we may issue limited partnership interests in our
operating partnership as consideration for the purchase of hotel
properties or in connection with our Equity Incentive Plan.
In order for the income from our hotel operations to constitute
rents from real property for purposes of the gross
income tests required for REIT qualification under the Code, we
cannot directly operate any of our hotel properties. Instead, we
must lease our hotel properties. Accordingly, we will lease each
of our hotel properties to one of our TRS lessees, which will be
wholly owned by our operating partnership. Our TRS lessees will
pay rent to us that can qualify as rents from real
property, provided that the TRS lessees engage
eligible independent contractors to manage our
hotels. A TRS is a corporate subsidiary of a REIT that jointly
elects with the REIT to be treated as a TRS of the REIT and that
pays federal income tax at regular corporate rates on its
taxable income. We expect that all of our hotel properties will
be leased to one of our wholly owned TRS lessees, which will be
able to pay us rent out of the revenue of the hotels and will
engage multiple eligible independent contractors to manage our
hotels.
6
The following chart shows our structure following completion of
this offering:
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(1) |
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Includes grants
of
common shares to our initial independent trustees. |
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(2) |
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Upon completion of this offering, we will issue an aggregate
of
LTIP units to certain officers. See Compensation
Discussion and Analysis Equity Incentive Plan. |
Tax
Status
We intend to elect to be taxed as a REIT for federal income tax
purposes commencing with our short taxable year ending on
December 31, 2010. Our qualification as a REIT will depend
upon our ability to meet, on a continuing basis, through actual
investment and operating results, various complex requirements
under the Code relating to, among other things, the sources of
our gross income, the composition and values of our assets, our
distribution levels and the diversity of ownership of our shares
of beneficial interest. We believe that we will be organized in
conformity with the requirements for qualification as a REIT
under the Code and that our intended manner of operation will
enable us to meet the requirements for qualification and
taxation as a REIT for federal income tax purposes commencing
with our short taxable year ending December 31, 2010 and
continuing thereafter.
As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income
tax on our REIT taxable income that we distribute currently to
our shareholders. Under the Code, REITs are subject to numerous
organizational and operational requirements, including a
requirement that they distribute each year at least 90% of their
taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for
dividends paid and excluding any net capital gains. If we fail
to qualify for taxation as a REIT in any taxable year and do not
qualify for certain statutory relief provisions, our income for
that year will be taxed at regular corporate rates, and we will
be disqualified from taxation as a REIT for the four taxable
years following the year during which we ceased to qualify as a
REIT. Even if we qualify as a REIT for federal income tax
purposes, we may still be subject to state and local taxes on
our income and assets and to federal income and excise taxes on
our undistributed income. Additionally, any income earned by our
TRS lessees will be fully subject to federal, state and local
corporate income tax.
7
Distribution
Policy
We intend over time to make regular quarterly distributions to
our common shareholders. However, until we invest a substantial
portion of the net proceeds of this offering in hotel
properties, we expect our quarterly distributions will be
nominal. In order to qualify for taxation as a REIT, we intend
to make annual distributions to our shareholders of at least 90%
of our taxable income, determined without regard to the
deduction for dividends paid and excluding any net capital
gains. We cannot assure you as to when we will begin to generate
sufficient cash flow to make distributions to our shareholders
or our ability to sustain those distributions. Distributions
will be authorized and declared by our board of trustees based
upon a variety of factors deemed relevant by our board of
trustees. Distributions to our shareholders generally will be
taxable to our shareholders as ordinary income; however, because
a significant portion of our investments will be ownership of
equity interests in hotel properties, which will generate
depreciation and other non-cash charges against our income, a
portion of our distributions may constitute a tax-free return of
capital. To the extent not inconsistent with maintaining our
qualification as a REIT, we may retain any earnings that
accumulate in our TRSs.
Restrictions on
Ownership of Our Common Shares
In order to help us qualify as a REIT, among other reasons, our
declaration of trust, subject to certain exceptions, restricts
the amount of our shares of beneficial interest that a person
may beneficially or constructively own. Our declaration of trust
provides that, subject to certain exceptions, no person may
beneficially or constructively own more than 9.8% in value or in
number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the
outstanding shares of any class or series of our shares of
beneficial interest. Our declaration of trust also prohibits any
person from (i) beneficially owning shares of beneficial
interest to the extent that such beneficial ownership would
result in our being closely held within the meaning
of Section 856(h) of the Code (without regard to whether
the ownership interest is held during the last half of the
taxable year), (ii) transferring our shares of beneficial
interest to the extent that such transfer would result in our
shares of beneficial interest being beneficially owned by less
than 100 persons (determined under the principles of
Section 856(a)(5) of the Code), (iii) beneficially or
constructively owning our shares of beneficial interest to the
extent such beneficial or constructive ownership would cause us
to constructively own ten percent or more of the ownership
interests in a tenant (other than a TRS) of our real property
within the meaning of Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code or
(iv) beneficially or constructively owning or transferring
our shares of beneficial interest if such ownership or transfer
would otherwise cause us to fail to qualify as a REIT under the
Code, including, but not limited to, as a result of any hotel
management companies failing to qualify as an eligible
independent contractor under the REIT rules. Our board of
trustees, in its sole discretion, may prospectively or
retroactively exempt a person from certain of these limits and
may establish or increase an excepted holder percentage limit
for such person. The person seeking an exemption must provide to
our board of trustees such representations, covenants and
undertakings as our board of trustees may deem appropriate in
order to conclude that granting the exemption will not cause us
to lose our status as a REIT.
8
The
Offering
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Common shares offered |
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common
shares (plus
up to
additional common shares that we may issue and sell upon
exercise of the underwriters overallotment option). |
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Common shares outstanding upon completion of this offering |
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common
shares (1) |
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Use of proceeds |
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We will contribute the net proceeds of this offering and the
concurrent $10 million private placement to Mr. Fisher
to our operating partnership. Our operating partnership will use
approximately $73.5 million of the net proceeds to purchase
the six initial acquisition hotels. We intend to invest
approximately $ million over
the next years to enhance the
quality of the six initial acquisition hotels. This capital will
be used to upgrade guest rooms and common areas and includes our
estimate of the amounts Hilton will require us to spend as part
of a property improvement plan, or PIP, for the hotels. Our
operating partnership will use the remaining net proceeds to
invest in additional hotel properties in accordance with our
investment strategy described in this prospectus and for general
business purposes. Prior to the full investment of the net
offering proceeds in hotel properties, we intend to invest in
interest-bearing short-term securities or money-market accounts
that are consistent with our intention to qualify as a REIT.
These initial investments are expected to provide a lower net
return than we will seek to achieve from investments in hotel
properties. We will use approximately
$ of the net proceeds to reimburse
Mr. Fisher for
out-of-pocket
expenses he incurred in connection with our formation and this
offering, including up to $2.5 million Mr. Fisher funded as
earnest money deposits, as required by the purchase agreement
for the initial acquisition hotels. We will also use $10,000 to
repurchase the shares Mr. Fisher acquired in connection with our
formation and initial capitalization. See Use of
Proceeds. |
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Proposed New York Stock Exchange symbol |
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Ownership and transfer restrictions |
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Our declaration of trust, subject to certain exceptions,
prohibits any person from directly or indirectly owning more
than 9.8% by value or number of shares, whichever is more
restrictive, of the outstanding shares of any class or series of
our shares of beneficial interest. See Description of
Shares of Beneficial Interest Restrictions on
Ownership and Transfer. |
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Risk Factors |
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Investing in our common shares involves risks. You should
carefully read and consider the information set forth under
Risk Factors and all other information in this
prospectus before investing in our common shares. |
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(1) |
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Includes shares
we will issue to Mr. Fisher in a private placement
concurrent with the closing of this offering. Also includes
restricted common shares that will be issued to our independent
trustees upon completion of this offering under our Equity
Incentive Plan. Excludes
(i) common
shares underlying long-term incentive plan, or LTIP, units in
our operating partnership that will be issued to Mr. Fisher
and certain other officers upon completion of this offering,
(ii) common
shares reserved for issuance under our Equity Incentive Plan and
(iii) common
shares issuable upon exercise of the underwriters
overallotment option. |
Our
Information
Our principal executive offices are located at 50 Cocoanut Row,
Suite 200, Palm Beach, Florida 33480. Our telephone number
is
(561) 802-4477.
9
RISK
FACTORS
An investment in our common shares involves a high degree of
risk. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully
consider the following risk factors, together with the other
information contained in this prospectus, including in
Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations. If any of the risks discussed
in this prospectus occurs, our business, prospects, financial
condition, cash flows, results of operations and ability to make
distributions to our shareholders could be materially and
adversely affected. If this were to happen, the price of our
common shares could decline significantly and you could lose all
or a part of your investment. Some statements in this
prospectus, including statements in the following risk factors,
constitute forward-looking statements. See Cautionary Note
Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.
Risks Related to
Our Business
We have no operating history and may not be able to
successfully operate our business or generate sufficient
operating cash flows to make or sustain distributions to our
shareholders.
We were organized in October 2009 and have no operating history.
We currently own no properties and will only commence operations
upon completion of this offering. Our ability to make or sustain
distributions to our shareholders will depend on many factors,
including the availability of acquisition opportunities that
satisfy our investment strategies and our success in identifying
and consummating them on favorable terms, readily accessible
short-term and long-term financing on favorable terms and
conditions in the financial markets, the real estate market, the
hotel industry and the economy. We cannot assure you that we
will be able to acquire properties with attractive risk-adjusted
returns or will not seek properties with greater risk to obtain
the same level of returns or that the value of our properties in
the future will not decline substantially. We also may not be
able to successfully operate our business or implement our
operating policies and strategies successfully. Furthermore,
there can be no assurance that we will be able to generate
sufficient operating cash flows to pay our operating expenses
and make distributions to our shareholders.
Other than the initial acquisition hotels, we have not yet
identified any specific hotel properties to acquire or committed
a substantial portion of the net proceeds from this offering to
any specific hotel property and, therefore, you will be unable
to evaluate the allocation of a substantial amount of the net
proceeds from the offering and the concurrent private placement
or the economic merits of some of our acquisitions prior to
making an investment decision.
We currently do not own any properties. We have entered into an
agreement to purchase the six initial acquisition hotels upon
closing of this offering, although we have not yet identified
any other specific hotel properties to acquire nor committed a
substantial portion of the net proceeds of this offering and
concurrent private placement to any other specific hotel
property investment, and you will be unable to evaluate the
economic merits of investments we make with a substantial
portion of the net proceeds before making an investment decision
to purchase our common shares. As a result, we will have broad
authority to invest the net proceeds of this offering in any
real estate investments that we may identify in the future, and
we may use those proceeds to make investments with which you may
not agree. In addition, our investment policies may be amended
or revised from time to time at the discretion of our board of
trustees, without a vote of our shareholders. These factors will
increase the uncertainty, and thus the risk, of investing in our
common shares. Our failure to apply the net proceeds of this
offering effectively or find suitable hotel properties to
acquire in a timely manner or on acceptable terms could result
in returns that are substantially below expectations or result
in losses.
Until appropriate investments can be identified, we may invest
the net proceeds of the offering and concurrent private
placement in interest-bearing short-term securities or
money-market accounts that are consistent with our intention to
qualify as a REIT. These investments are expected to provide a
lower net return than we will seek to achieve from acquisitions
of our target properties. We may be unable to invest the net
proceeds on acceptable terms, or at all, which could delay
shareholders
10
receiving an appropriate return on their investment. We cannot
assure you that we will be able to identify properties that meet
our investment criteria, that we will successfully consummate
any investment opportunities we identify, or that investments we
may make will generate income or cash flow.
If we are unable to timely complete the purchase of the
initial acquisition hotels or at all, we will have no designated
use for substantially all of the net proceeds of this offering
and may experience delays in locating and securing attractive
alternative investments, which would result in a reduction of
the amount of cash available to our stockholders.
We intend to use a portion of the net proceeds from this
offering to purchase the initial acquisition hotels. We
anticipate that the closing of the acquisition of these hotels
will occur shortly after completion of this offering. However,
we cannot assure you that we will acquire any of these hotel
properties because the acquisitions are subject to a variety of
factors, such as the satisfaction of closing conditions,
including receipt of third-party consents and approvals
(including the consent of Hilton as franchisor and manager,
through its affiliate, of the six hotels). If we acquire any of
the initial acquisition hotels, we must acquire all six hotels.
As a result, we cannot terminate the purchase of a particular
hotel property, even if there is a problem with that hotel,
without jeopardizing our ability to acquire the other hotels.
If we do not complete the purchase within our anticipated time
frame or at all, we may experience delays in locating and
securing attractive alternative investments. These delays could
result in our future operating results not meeting expectations
and adversely affect our ability to make distributions to our
shareholders. If we are unable to complete the purchase of the
initial acquisition hotels, we will have no specific designated
use for the net proceeds from this offering and investors will
be unable to evaluate in advance the manner in which we invest a
portion of the net proceeds or the economic merits of the
properties we may ultimately acquire with the net proceeds.
If we do not complete the purchase of the initial
acquisition hotels, we will have incurred substantial expenses
without our shareholders realizing the expected benefits.
If we are unable to complete the purchase of the initial
acquisition hotels, we may forfeit substantial deposits provided
to the sellers under the terms of the purchase agreement. Mr.
Fisher has deposited, on our behalf, an aggregate of
$1.5 million, which will increase to $2.5 million at
the end of our
30-day due
diligence period. We have agreed to reimburse Mr. Fisher for
these deposits. If we do not complete the purchase of the
initial acquisition hotels, we will forfeit the deposits, unless
the failure to close is a result of the failure of the seller to
satisfy its obligations or fulfill certain conditions precedent
to closing under the applicable purchase and sale agreements. We
also have incurred or expect to incur approximately $815,000 in
due diligence, legal and accounting expenses in connection with
this acquisition and may incur additional due diligence, legal
and accounting expenses prior to such acquisition.
Our remedies will be limited if the sellers default and
fail to perform their contractual obligations under the
contracts for the purchase of the initial acquisition
hotels.
In the event that the sellers of the initial acquisition hotels
fail to perform their contractual obligations, we will have
limited remedies. For example, if the sellers default, we would
have the right to seek specific performance or, alternatively,
in certain specified circumstances, liquidated damages equal to
our
out-of-pocket
expenses, not to exceed $200,000. However, in seeking specific
performance, we would face considerable delays and expense in
completing this acquisition, if at all. Pursuing specific
performance may also prevent or delay us from seeking attractive
alternative investments in which to invest the net proceeds from
this offering. Even if we were successful in an action to
recover liquidated damages, we cannot assure you that the
sellers would have sufficient funds to pay these damages. If we
were to elect to terminate the agreement in lieu of pursuing a
lawsuit, our remedies would likely be limited to the return of
the deposits, and the payment, in each case, of our reasonable,
third-party costs and expenses incurred in connection with the
agreements,
11
not to exceed $200,000 in the aggregate, but we cannot assure
you that the sellers will return our deposits or have sufficient
funds to pay such costs and expenses.
Because our senior executive officers will have broad
discretion to invest the proceeds of the offering, they may make
investments where the returns are substantially below
expectations or which result in net operating losses.
Our senior executive officers will have broad discretion, within
the general investment criteria established by our board of
trustees, to invest the net proceeds of the offering and to
determine the timing of such investment. In addition, our
investment policies may be amended or revised from time to time
at the discretion of our board of trustees, without a vote of
our shareholders. Such discretion could result in investments
that may not yield returns consistent with investors
expectations.
We will depend on the efforts and expertise of our key
executive officers whose continued service is not
guaranteed.
We will depend on the efforts and expertise of our chief
executive officer, as well as our other senior executives, to
execute our business strategy. The loss of their services, and
our inability to find suitable replacements, could have an
adverse effect on our business.
If we are unable to successfully manage our growth, our
financial results could be adversely affected.
Our ability to grow our business will depend upon our senior
executive officers business contacts and their ability to
successfully hire, train, supervise and manage additional
personnel. We may not be able to hire and train sufficient
personnel or develop management, information and operating
systems suitable for our expected growth. If we are unable to
manage any future growth effectively, our operations and
financial results could be adversely affected.
Our future growth is dependent on obtaining new financing
and if we cannot secure financing in the future, our growth will
be limited.
The success of our growth strategy will depend on access to
capital through use of excess cash flow, borrowings or
subsequent issuances of common shares or other securities.
Acquisitions or development of new hotel properties will require
significant additional capital and existing hotels will require
periodic capital improvement initiatives to remain competitive.
We may not be able to fund acquisitions or capital improvements
solely from cash provided from our operating activities because
we must distribute at least 90% of our taxable income
(determined before the deduction for dividends paid and
excluding any net capital gains) each year to satisfy the
requirements for qualification as a REIT for federal income tax
purposes. As a result, our ability to fund capital expenditures
for acquisitions or hotel development through retained earnings
is very limited. Our ability to grow through acquisitions or
development of hotels will be limited if we cannot obtain
satisfactory debt or equity financing, which will depend on
capital markets conditions. We cannot assure you that we will be
able to obtain additional equity or debt financing or that we
will be able to obtain such financing on favorable terms.
Specifically, while we intend to seek to arrange a credit
facility to fund investments and operating activities following
the investment of the net proceeds of this offering, we have no
commitment from any lender at the current time and there can be
no assurance that we will be able to arrange a credit facility
in the future on acceptable terms, or at all.
The lodging industry has experienced recent significant
declines and failure of the lodging industry to exhibit
improvement may adversely affect our ability to execute our
business strategy.
A substantial part of our business strategy is based on our
belief that the lodging markets in which we intend to invest
will experience improving economic fundamentals in the future.
There can be no assurance as to whether, or when, lodging
industry fundamentals will in fact improve or to what extent
they will improve. In the event conditions in the industry do
not improve when and as we expect, or deteriorate, our ability
to execute our business strategy would be adversely affected,
which
12
could adversely affect our financial condition, results of
operations, the market price of our common shares and our
ability to make distributions to our shareholders.
We must rely on third-party management companies to
operate our hotels in order to qualify as a REIT under the
Code.
In order for us to qualify as a REIT, third parties must operate
our hotels. We will lease each of our hotels to our TRS lessees.
The TRS lessees, in turn, will enter into management agreements
with third party management companies to operate our hotels.
While we expect to have some input into operating decisions for
those hotels leased by our TRS lessees and operated under
management agreements, we will have less control than if we were
managing the hotels ourselves. Even if we believe that our
hotels are not being operated efficiently, we may not be able to
require an operator to change the way it operates our hotels.
Jeffrey H. Fisher, our chief executive officer, controls IHM, a
hotel management company that may manage certain of the hotels
we acquire. See Conflicts of interest could
result in future business transactions between us and affiliates
owned by our Chief Executive Officer below.
Our management agreements could adversely affect the sale
or financing of hotel properties.
While we would prefer to enter into flexible management
contracts that will provide us with the ability to replace hotel
managers on relatively short notice and with limited cost, we
may enter into management contracts that contain more
restrictive covenants. For example, the terms of some management
agreements may restrict our ability to sell a property unless
the purchaser is not a competitor of the manager and assumes the
related management agreement and meets specified other
conditions. Also, the terms of a long term management agreement
encumbering our properties may reduce the value of the property.
If we enter into any such management agreements, we may be
precluded from taking actions that would otherwise be in our
best interest or could cause us to incur substantial expense.
Operating our hotels under franchise agreements poses
certain risks that could adversely affect the performance of our
hotels and our ability to make distributions to our
shareholders.
Our hotels will operate under franchise agreements, and we may
become subject to the risks that are found in concentrating our
hotel properties in one or several franchise brands. Our hotel
operators must comply with operating standards and terms and
conditions imposed by the franchisors of the hotel brands under
which our hotels operate. A franchisor may impose upgraded or
new brand standards, such as substantially upgrading the
bedding, enhancing the complimentary breakfast or increasing the
value of guest awards under its frequent guest
program, which can add substantial expense for the hotel. The
franchisors periodically inspect our hotels to confirm adherence
to the franchisors operating standards. The failure of a
hotel to maintain standards could result in the loss or
cancellation of a franchise license. We will rely on our
operators to conform to operational standards. The franchisors
may also require us to make certain capital improvements to
maintain the hotel in accordance with system standards, the cost
of which can be substantial. In addition, when the term of a
franchise expires, the franchisor has no obligation to issue a
new franchise. The loss of a franchise could have a material
adverse effect on the operations or the underlying value of the
affected hotel because of the loss of associated name
recognition, marketing support and centralized reservation
systems provided by the franchisor. The loss of a franchise or
adverse developments with respect to a franchise brand under
which our hotels operate could also have a material adverse
effect on our financial condition, results of operations and
cash available for distribution to shareholders.
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The names of the brands under which our hotels operate are
registered trademarks of the respective owners of those brands,
and neither they nor any of their officers, directors, agents,
employees, accountants or attorneys:
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have approved any disclosure in which they or the names of their
brands appear; or
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are responsible or liable for any of the content of this
document.
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Our ability to make and maintain distributions to our
shareholders is subject to fluctuations in our financial
performance, capital expenditure requirements and excess cash
flow.
As a REIT, we are required to distribute at least 90% of our
taxable income each year to our shareholders (determined before
the deduction for dividends paid and excluding any net capital
gains). In the event of downturns in our operating results and
financial performance or unanticipated capital improvements to
our hotels (including captial improvements that may be required
by franchisors), we may be unable to declare or pay
distributions to our shareholders, or maintain our then-current
dividend rate. The timing and amount of distributions are in the
sole discretion of our board of trustees, which will consider,
among other factors, our financial performance, debt service
obligations and applicable debt covenants (if any), and capital
expenditure requirements. We cannot assure you we will generate
sufficient cash in order to fund distributions.
Among the factors which could adversely affect our results of
operations and distributions to shareholders are reductions in
hotel revenues; increases in operating expenses at the hotels
leased to our TRSs; increased debt service requirements,
including those resulting from higher interest rates on variable
rate indebtedness; and capital expenditures at our hotels,
including capital expenditures required by the franchisors of
our hotels. Hotel revenue can decrease for a number of reasons,
including increased competition from new hotels and decreased
demand for hotel rooms. These factors can reduce both occupancy
and room rates at hotels and could directly affect us negatively
by:
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reducing the hotel revenue that we recognize with respect to
hotels leased to our TRS lessees; and
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correspondingly reducing the profits (or increasing the loss) of
hotels leased to our TRS lessees. We may be unable to reduce
many of our expenses in tandem with revenue declines, (or we may
choose not to reduce them for competitive reasons), and certain
expenses may increase while our revenue declines.
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Future debt service obligations could adversely affect our
overall operating results, may require us to liquidate our
properties, may jeopardize our qualification as a REIT and could
adversely affect our ability to make distributions to our
shareholders and our share price.
We intend to use secured and unsecured debt to finance long-term
growth. While we intend to target overall debt levels of not
more than 35% of our investment in hotel properties at cost
(defined as our initial acquisition price plus the gross amount
of any subsequent capital investment and excluding any
impairment charges) our board of trustees may change this
financing policy at any time without shareholder approval. As a
result, we may be able to incur substantial additional debt,
including secured debt, in the future. Incurring debt could
subject us to many risks, including the risks that:
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Operating cash flow will be insufficient to make required
payments of principal and interest;
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Our leverage may increase our vulnerability to adverse economic
and industry conditions;
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We may be required to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash
flow from operations to payments on our debt, thereby reducing
cash available for distribution to our shareholders, funds
available for operations and capital expenditures, future
business opportunities or other purposes; and
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Terms of any refinancing will not be as favorable as the terms
of the debt being refinanced.
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If we violate covenants in our debt agreements, we could be
required to repay all or a portion of our indebtedness before
maturity at a time when we might be unable to arrange financing
for such repayment on attractive terms, if at all. In addition,
future indebtedness agreements may require that we meet certain
covenant tests in order to make distributions to our
shareholders.
If we incur debt in the future and do not have sufficient funds
to repay such debt at maturity, it may be necessary to refinance
the debt through additional debt or additional equity
financings. If, at the time of any refinancing, prevailing
interest rates or other factors result in higher interest rates
on refinancing, increases in interest expense could adversely
affect our cash flow, and, consequently, cash available for
distribution to our shareholders. If we are unable to refinance
our debt on acceptable terms, we may be forced to dispose of
hotel properties on disadvantageous terms, potentially resulting
in losses. We may place mortgages on hotel properties that we
acquire to secure a revolving credit facility or other debt. To
the extent we cannot meet any future debt service obligations,
we will risk losing some or all of our hotel properties that may
be pledged to secure our obligations to foreclosure. Also,
covenants applicable to any future debt could impair our planned
investment strategy and, if violated, result in a default.
Higher interest rates could increase debt service requirements
on any floating rate debt that we incur and could reduce the
amounts available for distribution to our shareholders, as well
as reduce funds available for our operations, future business
opportunities, or other purposes. We may obtain in the future
one or more forms of interest rate protection in the
form of swap agreements, interest rate cap contracts or similar
agreements to hedge against the possible negative
effects of interest rate fluctuations. However, such hedging
implies costs and we cannot assure you that any hedging will
adequately relieve the adverse effects of interest rate
increases or that counterparties under these agreement will
honor their obligations there under. Adverse economic conditions
could also cause the terms on which we borrow to be unfavorable.
We could be required to liquidate one or more of our hotel
properties in order to meet our debt service obligations at
times which may not permit us to receive an attractive return on
our investments.
Joint venture investments that we make could be adversely
affected by our lack of sole decision-making authority, our
reliance on joint venture partners financial condition and
disputes between us and our joint venture partners.
We may co-invest in the future with third parties through
partnerships, joint ventures or other entities, acquiring
non-controlling interests in or sharing responsibility for
managing the affairs of a property, partnership, joint venture
or other entity. In such event, we would not be in a position to
exercise sole decision-making authority regarding the property,
partnership, joint venture or other entity. Investments in
partnerships, joint ventures or other entities may, under
certain circumstances, involve risks not present were a third
party not involved, including the possibility that joint venture
partners might become bankrupt or fail to fund their share of
required capital contributions. Joint venture partners may have
economic or other business interests or goals which are
inconsistent with our business interests or goals, and may be in
a position to take actions contrary to our policies or
objectives. Such investments may also have the potential risk of
impasses on decisions, such as a sale, because neither we nor
the partner would have full control over the partnership or
joint venture. Disputes between us and partners may result in
litigation or arbitration that would increase our expenses and
prevent our officers
and/or
trustees from focusing their time and effort on our business.
Consequently, actions by, or disputes with, partners might
result in subjecting properties owned by the partnership or
joint venture to additional risk. In addition, we may in certain
circumstances be liable for the actions of our third-party
partners or co-venturers.
We may from time to time make distributions to our
shareholders in the form of our common shares.
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Although we have no current intention to do so, we may in the
future distribute taxable dividends that are payable in cash and
common shares at the election of each shareholder. Taxable
shareholders receiving such dividends will be required to
include the full amount of the dividend as ordinary income to
the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits
for federal income tax purposes. As a result, shareholders may
be required to pay income taxes with respect to such dividends
in excess of the cash dividends received. If a
U.S. shareholder sells the common shares that it receives
as a dividend in order to pay this tax, the sales proceeds may
be less than the amount included in income with respect to the
dividend, depending on the market price of our shares at the
time of the sale. Furthermore, with respect to certain
non-U.S. shareholders,
we may be required to withhold federal income tax with respect
to such dividends, including in respect of all or a portion of
such dividend that is payable in common shares. In addition, if
a significant number of our shareholders determine to sell
common shares in order to pay taxes owed on dividends, it may
put downward pressure on the trading price of our common shares.
Conflicts of interest could result in future business
transactions between us and affiliates owned by our Chief
Executive Officer.
Our chief executive officer, Jeffrey H. Fisher, owns 90% of IHM,
a hotel management company that may manage certain of the hotels
we acquire. Because Mr. Fisher is our Chief Executive
Officer and controls IHM, conflicts of interest may arise
between us and Mr. Fisher as to whether and on what terms
new management contracts will be awarded to IHM, whether and on
what terms management agreements will be renewed upon expiration
of their terms, enforcement of the terms of the management
agreements, whether hotels managed by IHM will be sold and any
termination fees payable to IHM. See Certain Relationships
and Related Transactions.
Risks Related to
the Lodging Industry
Current economic conditions have and may continue to
adversely affect the lodging industry.
The performance of the lodging industry has historically been
closely linked to the performance of the general economy and,
specifically, growth in U.S. GDP. It is also sensitive to
business and personal discretionary spending levels. Declines in
corporate budgets and consumer demand due to adverse general
economic conditions, risks affecting or reducing travel
patterns, lower consumer confidence or adverse political
conditions can lower the revenues and profitability of our
future hotel properties and therefore the net operating profits
of our TRSs. The current global economic downturn has led to a
significant decline in demand for products and services provided
by the lodging industry, lower occupancy levels and
significantly reduced room rates.
We anticipate that recovery of demand for products and services
provided by the lodging industry will lag an improvement in
economic conditions. We cannot predict how severe or prolonged
the global economic downturn will be or how severe or prolonged
the lodging industry downturn will be. A further extended period
of economic weakness would likely have an adverse impact on our
revenues and negatively affect our profitability.
Our ability to make distributions to our shareholders may
be affected by factors in the lodging industry.
Operating
Risks
Hotel properties are subject to various operating risks common
to the hotel industry, many of which are beyond our control,
including:
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Competition from other hotel properties in our prospective
markets, some of which may have greater marketing and financial
resources;
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An over-supply or over-building of hotel properties in our
prospective markets, which could adversely affect occupancy
rates and revenues;
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Dependence on business and commercial travelers and tourism;
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Increases in energy costs and other expenses affecting travel,
which may affect travel patterns and reduce the number of
business and commercial travelers and tourists;
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Increases in operating costs due to inflation and other factors
that may not be offset by increased room rates;
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Necessity for periodic capital reinvestment to repair and
upgrade hotel properties;
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Changes in interest rates and in the availability, cost and
terms of debt financing;
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Changes in governmental laws and regulations, fiscal policies
and zoning ordinances and the related costs of compliance with
laws and regulations, fiscal policies and ordinances;
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Unforeseen events beyond our control, such as terrorist attacks,
travel related health concerns including pandemics and epidemics
such as H1N1 influenza (swine flu), avian bird flu and SARS,
political instability, regional hostilities, imposition of taxes
or surcharges by regulatory authorities, travel related
accidents and unusual weather patterns, including natural
disasters such as hurricanes, tsunamis or earthquakes;
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Adverse effects of a downturn in the economy or in the hotel
industry; and
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Risk generally associated with the ownership of hotel properties
and real estate, as we discuss in detail below.
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These factors could reduce the net operating profits of our TRSs
and the rental income we receive from our TRSs, which in turn
could adversely affect our ability to make distributions to our
shareholders.
Competition for
acquisitions
We will compete for hotel investment opportunities with
competitors that may have a different tolerance for risk or have
substantially greater financial resources than are available to
us. This competition may generally limit the number of hotel
properties that we are able to acquire and may also increase the
bargaining power of hotel owners seeking to sell, making it more
difficult for us to acquire hotel properties on attractive terms.
Competition for
guests
The upscale extended-stay and mid-price segments of the hotel
business are highly competitive. Our hotels will compete on the
basis of location, room rates and quality, service levels,
reputation, and reservation systems, among many other factors.
There are many competitors in our market segments, and many of
them have substantially greater marketing and financial
resources than our operators or us. New hotels create new
competitors, in some cases without corresponding increases in
demand for hotel rooms. The result in some cases may be lower
revenue, which would result in lower cash available for
distribution to shareholders.
Seasonality of
hotel industry
Some hotel properties have business that is seasonal in nature.
This seasonality can be expected to cause quarterly fluctuations
in revenues. Quarterly earnings may be adversely affected by
factors outside our control, including weather conditions and
poor economic factors. As a result, we may have to enter into
short-term borrowings in order to offset these fluctuations in
revenue and to make distributions to shareholders.
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Cyclical nature
of lodging industry
The lodging industry is highly cyclical in nature. Fluctuations
in lodging demand and, therefore, operating performance, are
caused largely by general economic and local market conditions,
which subsequently affects levels of business and leisure
travel. In addition to general economic conditions, new hotel
room supply is an important factor that can affect the lodging
industrys performance and overbuilding has the potential
to further exacerbate the negative impact of an economic
recession. Room rates and occupancy, and thus RevPAR, tend to
increase when demand growth exceeds supply growth. The continued
decline in lodging demand beyond late 2010 to early 2011, or a
continued growth in lodging supply, could result in returns that
are substantially below expectations or result in losses, which
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition, results of operations and our ability to make
distributions to our shareholders.
Concentration in
particular single industry
Our entire business will be related to the hotel industry.
Therefore, a downturn in the hotel industry, in general, will
have a material adverse effect on our revenues, net operating
profits and cash available to distribute to shareholders.
Capital
expenditures
Hotel properties have an ongoing need for renovations and other
capital improvements, including replacements, from time to time,
of furniture, fixtures and equipment. The franchisors of our
hotels also will require periodic capital improvements as a
condition of keeping the franchise licenses. In addition, our
lenders will likely require that we set aside annual amounts for
capital improvements to our hotel properties. These capital
improvements may give rise to the following risks:
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Possible environmental problems;
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Construction cost overruns and delays;
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Possibility that revenues will be reduced temporarily while
rooms or restaurants offered are out of service due to capital
improvement projects;
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A possible shortage of available cash to fund capital
improvements and the related possibility that financing for
these capital improvements may not be available on affordable
terms;
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Uncertainties as to market demand or a loss of market demand
after capital improvements have begun; and
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Disputes with franchisors/managers regarding compliance with
relevant management/franchise agreements
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The costs of all these capital improvements could adversely
affect our financial condition and amounts available for
distribution to our shareholders.
The increasing use of Internet travel intermediaries by
consumers may adversely affect our profitability.
Some of our future hotel rooms will be booked through Internet
travel intermediaries, including, but not limited to,
Travelocity.com, Expedia.com and Priceline.com. As these
Internet bookings increase, these intermediaries may be able to
obtain higher commissions, reduced room rates or other
significant contract concessions from us and our management
companies. Moreover, some of these Internet travel
intermediaries are attempting to offer hotel rooms as a
commodity, by increasing the importance of price and general
indicators of quality (such as three-star downtown
hotel) at the expense of brand identification. These
agencies hope that consumers will eventually develop brand
loyalties to their reservations system rather than to the brands
under which our properties will be franchised. Although most of
the business for our hotels is expected to be derived from
traditional
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channels, if the amount of sales made through Internet
intermediaries increases significantly, room revenues may
flatten or decrease and our profitability may be adversely
affected.
Future terror events and threats and military action could
negatively affect the hotel industry and our results of
operations and financial condition.
Before September 11, 2001, hotel owners and operators had
begun experiencing declining RevPAR, as a result of the slowing
U.S. economy. The terrorist attacks of September 11,
2001 and the after-effects (including the possibility of more
terror attacks in the United States and abroad), combined with
economic trends and the
U.S.-led
military action in Afghanistan and Iraq, substantially reduced
business and leisure travel and hotel industry RevPAR generally.
The current economic recession has adversely affected the hotel
industry and result in declining RevPAR. Declining RevPAR
reduces net income and restricts the ability to fund capital
improvements. Additional terrorist attacks, acts of war or
similar events could have further material adverse effects on
the economy at large and the hotel industry in particular.
Potential future outbreaks of contagious diseases, such as
H1N1, could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and
results of operations due to decreased travel, especially in
areas significantly affected by the disease.
The widespread outbreak of infectious or contagious disease in
the U.S., such as the H1N1 influenza, could reduce travel and
adversely affect the hotel industry generally and our business
in particular.
Uninsured and underinsured losses could adversely affect
our operating results and our ability to make distributions to
our shareholders.
We intend to maintain comprehensive insurance on each of our
hotel properties, including liability, terrorism, fire and
extended coverage, of the type and amount customarily obtained
for or by hotel property owners. There can be no assurance that
such coverage will be available at reasonable rates. Various
types of catastrophic losses, like earthquakes and floods and
losses from foreign terrorist activities such as those on
September 11, 2001 or losses from domestic terrorist
activities such as the Oklahoma City bombing may not be
insurable or may not be insurable on reasonable economic terms.
Lenders may require such insurance and failure to obtain such
insurance could constitute a default under loan agreements.
Depending on our access to capital, liquidity and the value of
the properties securing the affected loan in relation to the
balance of the loan, a default could have a material adverse
effect on our results of operations and ability to obtain future
financing.
In the event of a substantial loss, insurance coverage may not
be sufficient to cover the full current market value or
replacement cost of the lost investment. Should an uninsured
loss or a loss in excess of insured limits occur, we could lose
all or a portion of the capital we invested in a hotel property,
as well as the anticipated future revenue from that particular
hotel. In that event, we might nevertheless remain obligated for
any mortgage debt or other financial obligations related to the
property. Inflation, changes in building codes and ordinances,
environmental considerations and other factors might also keep
us from using insurance proceeds to replace or renovate a hotel
after it has been damaged or destroyed. Under those
circumstances, the insurance proceeds we receive might be
inadequate to restore our economic position on the damaged or
destroyed property.
Various types of catastrophic losses may not be insurable (such
as those resulting from war or a nuclear incident) or may not be
economically insurable. In the event of a substantial loss, our
insurance coverage may not cover the full current market value
or replacement cost of our lost investment. For instance, we do
not expect to carry insurance to protect specifically against
damage caused by mold or environmental contamination. Inflation,
changes in building codes and ordinances, environmental
considerations and other factors might cause insurance proceeds
to be insufficient to fully replace or renovate a hotel after it
has been damaged or destroyed.
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Accordingly, there can be no assurance:
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that the insurance coverage that we
and/or our
lessees and operators obtain will fully protect us (or our
lessees or operators) against insurable losses (i.e., losses may
exceed coverage limits);
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that we (or our lessees or operators) will not incur large
deductibles that will adversely effect our earnings;
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that we (or our lessees or operators) will not incur losses from
risks that are not insurable or that are not economically
insurable; or
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that insurance coverages will be available at reasonable rates.
As a result, one or more large uninsured or underinsured losses
could have a material adverse affect on our lessees or operators
or our financial condition, results of operations and ability to
make distributions to our shareholders.
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Noncompliance with governmental regulations could
adversely affect our operating results.
Environmental
matters
Under various federal, state and local laws, ordinances and
regulations, an owner of real property may be liable for the
costs of removal or remediation of certain hazardous or toxic
substances on or in such property. Such laws often impose such
liability without regard to whether the owner knew of or was
responsible for, the presence of such hazardous or toxic
substances. The cost of any required remediation and the
owners liability therefore as to any property are
generally not limited under such laws and could exceed the value
of the property and/or the aggregate assets of the owner. The
presence of such substances, or the failure to properly
remediate contamination from such substances, may adversely
affect the owners ability to sell the real estate or to
borrow funds using such property as collateral, which could have
an adverse effect on our return from such investment.
Furthermore, various court decisions have established that third
parties may recover damages for injury caused by release of
hazardous substances and for property contamination. For
instance, a person exposed to asbestos while working at or
staying in a hotel may seek to recover damages if he or she
suffers injury from the asbestos. Lastly, some of these
environmental issues restrict the use of a property or place
conditions on various activities. One example is laws that
require a business using chemicals to manage them carefully and
to notify local officials if regulated spills occurs.
Although it is our policy to require an acceptable Phase I
environmental survey for all real property in which we invest,
such surveys are limited in scope and there can be no assurance
that there are no hazardous or toxic substances on such property
that we would purchase. We cannot assure you:
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that future laws, ordinances or regulations will not impose
material environmental liability; or
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that the current environmental condition of a hotel will not be
affected by the condition of properties in the vicinity of the
hotel (such as the presence of leaking underground storage
tanks) or by third parties unrelated to us.
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Americans with
Disabilities Act and other changes in governmental rules and
regulations
Our future hotel properties also will be subject to the
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, or the ADA. Under the
ADA, all places of public accommodation are required to meet
certain federal requirements related to access and use by
disabled persons. Although we intend to acquire assets that are
substantially in compliance with the ADA, we may incur
additional costs of complying with the ADA at the time of
acquisition and from
time-to-time
in the future to stay in compliance with any changes in the ADA.
A number of additional federal, state and local laws exist that
also may require
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modifications to our investments, or restrict certain further
renovations thereof, with respect to access thereto by disabled
persons. Additional legislation may impose further burdens or
restrictions on owners with respect to access by disabled
persons. If we were required to make substantial modifications
at our properties to comply with the ADA or other changes in
governmental rules and regulations, our ability to make expected
distributions to our shareholders could be adversely affected.
The Employee Free Choice Act could substantially increase
the cost of doing business.
A number of members of the U.S. Congress and President
Obama have stated that they support the Employee Free Choice
Act, which, if enacted, would discontinue the current practice
of having an open process where both the union and the employer
are permitted to educate employees regarding the pros and cons
of joining a union before having an election by secret ballot.
Under the Employee Free Choice Act, the employees would only
hear the unions side of the argument before making a
commitment to join the union. The Employee Free Choice Act would
permit unions to quietly collect employee signatures supporting
the union without notifying the employer and permitting the
employer to explain its views before a final decision is made by
the employees. Once a union has collected signatures from a
majority of the employees, the employer would have to recognize,
and bargain with, the union. If the employer and the union fail
to reach agreement on a collective bargaining contract within a
certain number of days, both sides would be forced to submit
their respective proposals to binding arbitration and a federal
arbitrator would be permitted to create an employment contract
binding on the employer. If the Employee Free Choice Act is
enacted, a number of the hotel properties we will own or seek to
acquire could become unionized.
Generally, unionized hotel employees are subject to a number of
work rules which could decrease operating margins at the
unionized hotels. If that is the case, we believe that the
unionization of hotel employees at hotels that we acquire may
result in a significant decline in hotel profitability and
value, which could adversely affect our financial condition,
results of operations, the market price of our common shares and
our ability to make distributions to our shareholders.
General Risks
Related to Real Estate Industry
Illiquidity of real estate investments could significantly
impede our ability to respond to adverse changes in the
performance of our hotel properties and adversely affect our
financial condition.
Because real estate investments are relatively illiquid, our
ability to promptly sell one or more hotel properties in our
portfolio in response to changing economic, financial and
investment conditions may be limited. The real estate market is
affected by many factors that are beyond our control, including:
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Adverse changes in international, national, regional and local
economic and market conditions;
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Changes in interest rates and in the availability, cost and
terms of debt financing;
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Changes in governmental laws and regulations, fiscal policies
and zoning ordinances and the related costs of compliance with
laws and regulations, fiscal policies and ordinances;
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The ongoing need for capital improvements, particularly in older
structures;
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Changes in operating expenses; and
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Civil unrest, acts of God, including earthquakes, floods and
other natural disasters, which may result in uninsured losses,
and acts of war or terrorism, such as those that occurred on
September 11, 2001.
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We may seek to sell hotel properties in the future. There can be
no assurance that we will be able to sell any hotel property on
acceptable terms.
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Currently, little credit is available to purchasers of hotel
properties and financing structures such as CMBS, which have
been used to finance many hotel acquisitions in recent years,
have been reduced. If financing for hotel properties is not
available or is not available on attractive terms, it will
adversely impact the ability of third parties to buy our hotels.
As a result, we may hold our hotel properties for a longer
period than we would otherwise desire and may sell hotels at a
loss.
We may be required to expend funds to correct defects or to make
improvements before a hotel property can be sold. We cannot
assure you that we will have funds available to correct those
defects or to make those improvements. In acquiring a hotel
property, we may agree to lock-out provisions that materially
restrict us from selling that property for a period of time or
impose other restrictions, such as a limitation on the amount of
debt that can be placed or repaid on that property. These
factors and any others that would impede our ability to respond
to adverse changes in the performance of our properties could
have a material adverse effect on our operating results and
financial condition, as well as our ability to pay distributions
to shareholders.
Increases in our property taxes would adversely affect our
ability to make distributions to our shareholders.
Hotel properties are subject to real and personal property
taxes. These taxes may increase as tax rates change and as the
properties are assessed or reassessed by taxing authorities. In
particular, our property taxes could increase following our
purchase of the initial acquisition hotels as the acquired
hotels are reassessed. If property taxes increase, our financial
condition, results of operations and our ability to make
distributions to our shareholders could be materially and
adversely affected and the market price of our common shares
could decline.
Our hotel properties may contain or develop harmful mold,
which could lead to liability for adverse health effects and
costs of remediating the problem.
When excessive moisture accumulates in buildings or on building
materials, mold growth may occur, particularly if the moisture
problem remains undiscovered or is not addressed over a period
of time. Some molds may produce airborne toxins or irritants.
Concern about indoor exposure to mold has been increasing, as
exposure to mold may cause a variety of adverse health effects
and symptoms, including allergic or other reactions. As a
result, the presence of mold to which hotel guests or employees
could be exposed at any of our properties could require us to
undertake a costly remediation program to contain or remove the
mold from the affected property, which could be costly. In
addition, exposure to mold by guests or employees, management
company employees or others could expose us to liability if
property damage or health concerns arise.
Risks Related to
Our Organization and Structure
Our rights and the rights of our shareholders to take
action against our trustees and officers are limited, which
could limit your recourse in the event of actions not in your
best interests.
Under Maryland law generally, a trustee is required to perform
his or her duties in good faith, in a manner he or she
reasonably believes to be in our best interests and with the
care that an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would
use under similar circumstances. Under Maryland law, trustees
are presumed to have acted with this standard of care. In
addition, our declaration of trust limits the liability of our
trustees and officers to us and our shareholders for money
damages, except for liability resulting from:
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Actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money,
property or services; or
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Active and deliberate dishonesty by the trustee or officer that
was established by a final judgment as being material to the
cause of action adjudicated
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Our declaration of trust obligates us to indemnify our trustees
and officers for actions taken by them in those capacities to
the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law. Our bylaws require
us to indemnify each trustee or officer, to the maximum extent
permitted by Maryland law, in the defense of any proceeding to
which he or she is made, or threatened to be made, a party by
reason of his or her service to us. In addition, we may be
obligated to advance the defense costs incurred by our trustees
and officers. As a result, we and our shareholders may have more
limited rights against our trustees and officers than might
otherwise exist absent the current provisions in our declaration
of trust and bylaws or that might exist with other companies.
Provisions of Maryland law may limit the ability of a
third party to acquire control of our Company and may result in
entrenchment of management and diminish the value of our common
shares.
Certain provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law
(MGCL) applicable to Maryland REITs may have the
effect of inhibiting a third party from making a proposal to
acquire us or of impeding a change of control under
circumstances that otherwise could provide our common
shareholders with the opportunity to realize a premium over the
then-prevailing market price of such shares, including:
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Business combination provisions that, subject
to limitations, prohibit certain business combinations between
us and an interested shareholder (defined generally
as any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting
power of our shares) or an affiliate of any interested
shareholder for five years after the most recent date on which
the shareholder becomes an interested shareholder, and
thereafter imposes special appraisal rights and special
shareholder voting requirements on these combinations; and
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Control share provisions that provide that
our control shares (defined as shares which, when
aggregated with other shares controlled by the shareholder,
entitle the shareholder to exercise one of three increasing
ranges of voting power in electing trustees) acquired in a
control share acquisition (defined as the direct or
indirect acquisition of ownership or control of control
shares) have no voting rights except to the extent
approved by our shareholders by the affirmative vote of at least
two-thirds of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter,
excluding all interested shares.
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Additionally, Title 8, Subtitle 3 of the MGCL permits our
board of trustees, without shareholder approval and regardless
of what is currently provided in our declaration of trust or
bylaws, to implement certain takeover defenses, such as a
classified board, some of which we do not yet have. These
provisions may have the effect of inhibiting a third party from
making an acquisition proposal for us or of delaying, deferring
or preventing a change in control of us under the circumstances
that otherwise could provide our common shareholders with the
opportunity to realize a premium over the then current market
price.
Provisions of our declaration of trust may limit the
ability of a third party to acquire control of our Company and
may result in entrenchment of management and diminish the value
of our common shares.
Our declaration of trust authorizes our board of trustees to
issue up
to
common shares and up to preferred shares. In addition, our board
of trustees may, without shareholder approval, amend our
declaration of trust to increase the aggregate number of our
shares or the number of shares of any class or series that we
have the authority to issue and to classify or reclassify any
unissued common shares or preferred shares and to set the
preferences, rights and other terms of the classified or
reclassified shares. As a result, our board of trustees may
authorize the issuance of additional shares or establish a
series of common or preferred shares that may have the effect of
delaying or preventing a change in control of our company,
including transactions at a premium over the market price of our
shares, even if shareholders believe that a change of control is
in their interest.
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Failure to make required distributions would subject us to
tax.
In order for federal corporate income tax not to apply to
earnings that we distribute, each year we must distribute to our
shareholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined
before the deductions for dividends paid and excluding any net
capital gain. To the extent that we satisfy this distribution
requirement, but distribute less than 100% of our taxable
income, we will be subject to federal corporate income tax on
our undistributed REIT taxable income. In addition, we will be
subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax if the actual amount
that we pay out to our shareholders in a calendar year is less
than a minimum amount specified under the Code. Our only source
of funds to make these distributions comes from distributions
that we will receive from our operating partnership.
Accordingly, we may be required to borrow money or sell assets,
or make taxable distributions of our capital shares or debt
securities, to enable us to pay out enough of our taxable income
to satisfy the distribution requirement and to avoid federal
corporate income tax and the 4% nondeductible excise tax in a
particular year.
Failure to qualify as a REIT, or failure to remain
qualified as a REIT, would subject us to federal income tax and
potentially to state and local taxes.
We intend to elect to be taxed as a REIT for federal income tax
purposes, commencing with our short taxable year beginning on
the business day prior to the closing of this offering and
ending December 31, 2010. However, qualification as a REIT
involves the application of highly technical and complex
provisions of the Code, for which only a limited number of
judicial and administrative interpretations exist. Even an
inadvertent or technical mistake could jeopardize our REIT
qualification. Our qualification as a REIT will depend on our
satisfaction of certain asset, income, organizational,
distribution, shareholder ownership and other requirements on a
continuing basis.
Moreover, new tax legislation, administrative guidance or court
decisions, in each instance potentially applicable with
retroactive effect, could make it more difficult or impossible
for us to qualify as a REIT. If we were to fail to qualify as a
REIT in any taxable year, we would be subject to federal income
tax, including any applicable alternative minimum tax, on our
taxable income at regular corporate rates, and distributions to
shareholders would not be deductible by us in computing our
taxable income. Any such corporate tax liability could be
substantial and would reduce the amount of cash available for
distribution to our shareholders, which in turn could have an
adverse impact on the value of our shares of beneficial
interest. If, for any reason, we failed to qualify as a REIT and
we were not entitled to relief under certain Code provisions, we
would be unable to elect REIT status for the four taxable years
following the year during which we ceased to so qualify which
would negatively impact the value of our common shares.
Our TRS lessee structure subjects us to the risk of
increased hotel operating expenses.
Our leases with our TRS lessees will require our TRS lessees to
pay us rent based in part on revenues from our hotels. Our
operating risks include decreases in hotel revenues and
increases in hotel operating expenses, which would adversely
affect our TRS lessees ability to pay us rent due under
the leases, including but not limited to the increases in wage
and benefit costs, repair and maintenance expenses, energy
costs, property taxes, insurance costs and other operating
expenses.
Increases in these operating expenses can have a significant
adverse impact on our financial condition, results of
operations, the market price of our common shares and our
ability to make distributions to our shareholders.
The formation of our TRS lessees increases our overall tax
liability.
Our TRS lessees will be subject to federal, state and local
income tax on their taxable income, which will consist of the
revenues from the hotel properties leased by our TRS lessees,
net of the operating expenses for such hotel properties and rent
payments to us. Accordingly, although our ownership of our TRS
lessees will allow us to participate in the operating income
from our hotel
24
properties in addition to receiving rent, that operating income
will be fully subject to income tax. The after-tax net income of
our TRS lessees is available for distribution to us.
Our ownership of TRSs will be limited and our transactions
with our TRSs will cause us to be subject to a 100% penalty tax
on certain income or deductions if those transactions are not
conducted on arms-length terms.
A REIT may own up to 100% of the stock of one or more TRSs. A
TRS may hold assets and earn income that would not be qualifying
assets or income if held or earned directly by a REIT, including
gross operating income from hotels that are operated by eligible
independent contractors pursuant to hotel management agreements.
Both the subsidiary and the REIT must jointly elect to treat the
subsidiary as a TRS. A corporation of which a TRS directly or
indirectly owns more than 35% of the voting power or value of
the stock will automatically be treated as a TRS. Overall, no
more than 25% of the value of a REITs assets may consist
of stock or securities of one or more TRSs. In addition, the TRS
rules limit the deductibility of interest paid or accrued by a
TRS to its parent REIT to assure that the TRS is subject to an
appropriate level of corporate taxation. The rules also impose a
100% excise tax on certain transactions between a TRS and its
parent REIT that are not conducted on an arms-length basis.
Our TRSs will pay federal, foreign, state and local income tax
on their taxable income, and their after-tax net income will be
available for distribution to us but is not required to be
distributed to us. We anticipate that the aggregate value of the
stock and securities of our TRSs will be less than 25% of the
value of our total assets (including our TRS stock and
securities). Furthermore, we will monitor the value of our
respective investments in our TRSs for the purpose of ensuring
compliance with TRS ownership limitations. In addition, we will
scrutinize all of our transactions with our TRSs to ensure that
they are entered into on arms-length terms to avoid
incurring the 100% excise tax described above. There can be no
assurance, however, that we will be able to comply with the 25%
limitation discussed above or to avoid application of the 100%
excise tax discussed above.
If our leases to our TRS lessees are not respected as true
leases for federal income tax purposes, we would fail to qualify
as a REIT.
To qualify as a REIT, we will be required to satisfy two gross
income tests, pursuant to which specified percentages of our
gross income must be passive income, such as rent. For the rent
paid pursuant to the hotel leases with our TRS lessees, which we
anticipate will constitute substantially all of our gross
income, to qualify for purposes of the gross income tests, the
leases must be respected as true leases for federal income tax
purposes and must not be treated as service contracts, joint
ventures or some other type of arrangement. We intend to
structure our leases so that the leases will be respected as
true leases for federal income tax purposes, but there can be no
assurance that the IRS will agree with this characterization. If
the leases were not respected as true leases for federal income
tax purposes, we would not be able to satisfy either of the two
gross income tests applicable to REITs and likely would fail to
qualify as a REIT status.
Dividends payable by REITs do not qualify for the reduced
tax rates available for some dividends.
The maximum tax rate applicable to income from qualified
dividends payable to U.S. shareholders that are
individuals, trusts and estates has been reduced by legislation
to 15% (through 2010). Dividends payable by REITs, however,
generally are not eligible for the reduced rates. The more
favorable rates applicable to regular corporate qualified
dividends could cause investors who are individuals, trusts and
estates to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less
attractive than investments in the stocks of non-REIT
corporations that pay dividends, which could adversely affect
the value of the shares of REITs, including our common shares.
If our hotel managers do not qualify as eligible
independent contractors, we would fail to qualify as a
REIT.
25
Rent paid by a lessee that is a related party tenant
of ours will not be qualifying income for purposes of the two
gross income tests applicable to REITs. We expect to lease
substantially all of our hotels to our TRSs. A TRS lessee will
not be treated as a related party tenant, and will
not be treated as directly operating a lodging facility, which
is prohibited, to the extent the TRS lessee leases properties
from us that are managed by an eligible independent
contractor.
We believe that the rent paid by our TRS lessee will be
qualifying income for purposes of the REIT gross income tests
and that our TRSs will qualify to be treated for federal income
tax purposes, but there can be no assurance that the IRS will
not challenge this treatement or that a court would not sustain
such a challenge. If the IRS were successful in challenging this
treatment, it is possible that we would fail to meet the asset
tests applicable to REITs and substantially all of our income
would fail to qualify for the gross income tests. If we failed
to meet either the asset or gross income tests, we would likely
lose our REIT qualification for federal income tax purposes,
unless certain relief provisions applied.
If our hotel managers do not qualify as eligible
independent contractors, we would fail to qualify as a
REIT. Each of the hotel management companies that enters into a
management contract with our TRS lessees must qualify as an
eligible independent contractor under the REIT rules
in order for the rent paid to us by our TRS lessees to be
qualifying income for our REIT income test requirements. Among
other requirements, in order to qualify as an eligible
independent contractor a manager must not own more than 35% of
our outstanding shares (by value) and no person or group of
persons can own more than 35% of our outstanding shares and the
ownership interests of the manager, taking into account only
owners of more than 5% of our shares and, with respect to
ownership interests in such managers that are publicly traded,
only holders of more than 5% of such ownership interests.
Complex ownership attribution rules apply for purposes of these
35% thresholds. Although we intend to monitor ownership of our
shares by our property managers and their owners, there can be
no assurance that these ownership levels will not be exceeded.
Our ownership limitations may restrict or prevent you from
engaging in certain transfers of our common shares.
In order to satisfy the requirements for REIT qualification, no
more than 50% in value of our outstanding shares may be owned,
directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (as defined
in the Code to include certain entities) at any time during the
last half of each taxable year following our first taxable year.
To assist us to satisfy the requirements for our REIT
qualification, our declaration of trust contains a common share
ownership limit and a preferred share ownership limit. Under
applicable constructive ownership rules, any common shares owned
by certain affiliated owners generally will be added together
for purposes of the common share ownership limit, and any shares
of a given class or series of preferred shares owned by certain
affiliated owners generally will be added together for purposes
of the preferred share ownership limit.
If anyone transfers shares in a way that would violate the
common share ownership limit or the preferred share ownership
limit, or prevent us from qualifying as a REIT under the federal
income tax laws, those shares instead will be transferred to a
trust for the benefit of a charitable beneficiary and will be
either redeemed by us or sold to a person whose ownership of the
shares will not violate the common share ownership limit or the
preferred share ownership limit. If this transfer to a trust
fails to prevent such a violation or our continued qualification
as a REIT, then the initial intended transfer shall be null and
void from the outset. The intended transferee of those shares
will be deemed never to have owned the shares. Anyone who
acquires shares in violation of the common share ownership limit
or the preferred share ownership limit or the other restrictions
on transfer in our declaration of trust bears the risk of
suffering a financial loss when the shares are redeemed or sold
if the market price of our shares falls between the date of
purchase and the date of redemption or sale.
Complying with REIT requirements may limit our ability to
hedge effectively and may cause us to incur tax
liabilities.
26
The REIT provisions of the Code substantially limit our ability
to hedge our liabilities. Any income from a hedging transaction
we enter into to manage risk of interest rate changes with
respect to borrowings made or to be made to acquire or carry
real estate assets does not constitute gross income
for purposes of the 75% or 95% gross income tests. To the extent
that we enter into other types of hedging transactions, the
income from those transactions is likely to be treated as
non-qualifying income for purposes of both of the gross income
tests. See Material U.S. Federal Income Tax
Considerations. As a result of these rules, we intend to
limit our use of advantageous hedging techniques or implement
those hedges through a TRS. This could increase the cost of our
hedging activities because our TRS would be subject to tax on
gains or expose us to greater risks associated with changes in
interest rates than we would otherwise want to bear. In
addition, losses in our TRSs will generally not provide any tax
benefit, except for being carried forward against future taxable
income in the TRSs.
The ability of our board of trustees to change our major
corporate policies may not be in your interest.
Our board of trustees determines our major policies, including
policies and guidelines relating to our acquisitions, leverage,
financing, growth, operations and distributions to shareholders.
Our board may amend or revise these and other policies and
guidelines from time to time without the vote or consent of our
shareholders. Accordingly, our shareholders will have limited
control over changes in our policies and those changes could
adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations,
the market price of our common shares and our ability to make
distributions to our shareholders.
If we fail to implement and maintain an effective system
of internal controls, we may not be able to accurately determine
our financial results or prevent fraud. As a result, our
shareholders could lose confidence in our financial results,
which could harm our business and the market value of our common
shares.
Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide
reliable financial reports and effectively prevent fraud. We may
in the future discover areas of our internal controls that need
improvement. Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
will require us to evaluate and report on our internal controls
over financial reporting and have our independent auditors
annually attest to our evaluation, as well as issue their
opinion on our internal control over financial reporting. While
we intend to undertake substantial work to prepare for
compliance with Section 404, we cannot be certain that we
will be successful in implementing or maintaining adequate
control over our financial reporting and financial processes.
Furthermore, as we rapidly grow our business, our internal
controls will become more complex, and we will require
significantly more resources to ensure our internal controls
remain effective. If we or our independent auditors discover a
material weakness, the disclosure of that fact, even if quickly
remedied, could reduce the market value of our common shares.
Additionally, the existence of any material weakness or
significant deficiency would require management to devote
significant time and incur significant expense to remediate any
such material weaknesses or significant deficiencies and
management may not be able to remediate any such material
weaknesses or significant deficiencies in a timely manner.
Complying with REIT requirements may cause us to forego
otherwise attractive opportunities or liquidate otherwise
attractive investments.
To qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we must
continually satisfy tests concerning, among other things, the
sources of our income, the nature and diversification of our
assets, the amounts we distribute to our shareholders and the
ownership of our shares of beneficial interest. In order to meet
these tests, we may be required to forego investments we might
otherwise make. Thus, compliance with the REIT requirements may
hinder our performance.
In particular, we must ensure that at the end of each calendar
quarter, at least 75% of the value of our assets consists of
cash, cash items, government securities and qualified real
estate assets. The remainder of our investment in securities
(other than government securities, qualified real estate
27
assets and securities of our TRSs) generally cannot include more
than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer
or more than 10% of the total value of the outstanding
securities of any one issuer. In addition, in general, no more
than 5% of the value of our assets (other than government
securities, securities that constitute qualified real estate
assets and securities of our TRSs) can consist of the securities
of any one issuer, and no more than 25% of the value of our
total assets can be represented by the securities of one or more
TRSs. If we fail to comply with these requirements at the end of
any calendar quarter, we must correct the failure within
30 days after the end of the calendar quarter or qualify
for certain statutory relief provisions to avoid losing our REIT
qualification and suffering adverse tax consequences. As a
result, we may be required to liquidate otherwise attractive
investments. These actions could have the effect of reducing our
income and amounts available for distribution to our
shareholders.
We have not established a minimum distribution payment
level and we may be unable to generate sufficient cash flows
from our operations to make distributions to our shareholders at
any time in the future.
We are generally required to distribute to our shareholders at
least 90% of our taxable income each year for us to qualify as a
REIT under the Code, which requirement we currently intend to
satisfy. To the extent we satisfy the 90% distribution
requirement but distribute less than 100% of our taxable income,
we will be subject to federal corporate income tax on our
undistributed taxable income. We have not established a minimum
distribution payment level, and our ability to make
distributions to our shareholders may be adversely affected by
the risk factors described in this prospectus. Because we
currently have no assets and will commence operations only upon
completion of the offering, we may not have a portfolio of
assets that generate sufficient income to be distributed to our
shareholders. We currently do not expect to use the proceeds
from this offering or the concurrent private placement to make
distributions to our shareholders. Subject to satisfying the
requirements for REIT qualification, we intend over time to make
regular quarterly distributions to our shareholders. Our board
of trustees has the sole discretion to determine the timing,
form and amount of any distributions to our shareholders. The
amount of such distributions may be limited until we have a
portfolio of income-generating assets. Our board of trustees
will make determinations regarding distributions based upon,
among other factors, our historical and projected results of
operations, financial condition, cash flows and liquidity,
satisfaction of the requirements for REIT qualification and
other tax considerations, capital expenditure and other expense
obligations, debt covenants, contractual prohibitions or other
limitations and applicable law and such other matters as our
board of trustees may deem relevant from time to time. Among the
factors that could impair our ability to make distributions to
our shareholders are:
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our inability to invest the proceeds of the offering;
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our inability to realize attractive risk-adjusted returns on our
investments;
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unanticipated expenses that reduce our cash flow or non-cash
earnings;
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defaults in our investment portfolio or decreases in the value
of the underlying assets; and
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the fact that anticipated operating expense levels may not prove
accurate, as actual results may vary from estimates.
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As a result, no assurance can be given that we will be able to
make distributions to our shareholders at any time in the future
or that the level of any distributions we do make to our
shareholders will achieve a market yield or increase or even be
maintained over time, any of which could materially and
adversely affect the market price of our common shares.
In addition, distributions that we make to our shareholders will
generally be taxable to our shareholders as ordinary income.
However, a portion of our distributions may be designated by us
as long-term capital gains to the extent that they are
attributable to capital gain income recognized by us or may
constitute a return of capital to the extent that they exceed
our earnings and profits as
28
determined for tax purposes. A return of capital is not taxable,
but has the effect of reducing the basis of a shareholders
investment in our common shares.
We cannot assure you that a public market for our common
shares will develop.
Prior to this offering, there has not been a public market for
our common shares, and we cannot assure you that a regular
trading market for the common shares offered hereby will develop
or, if developed, that any such market will be sustained. In the
absence of a public trading market, an investor may be unable to
liquidate an investment in our common shares. The initial public
offering price has been determined by us and the underwriters.
We cannot assure you that the price at which the common shares
will sell in the public market after the closing of the offering
will not be lower than the price at which they are sold by the
underwriters.
The market price of our equity securities may vary
substantially.
The trading prices of equity securities issued by REITs have
historically been affected by changes in market interest rates.
One of the factors that may influence the price of our shares in
public trading markets is the annual yield from distributions on
our common or preferred shares as compared to yields on other
financial instruments. An increase in market interest rates, or
a decrease in our distributions to shareholders, may lead
prospective purchasers of our shares to demand a higher annual
yield, which could reduce the market price of our equity
securities.
Other factors that could affect the market price of our equity
securities include the following:
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actual or anticipated variations in our quarterly results of
operations;
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changes in market valuations of companies in the hotel or real
estate industries;
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changes in expectations of future financial performance or
changes in estimates of securities analysts;
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fluctuations in stock market prices and volumes;
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issuances of common shares or other securities in the future;
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the addition or departure of key personnel;
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announcements by us or our competitors of acquisitions,
investments or strategic alliances; and
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unforeseen events beyond our control, such as terrorist attacks,
travel related health concerns including pandemics and epidemics
such as H1N1 influenza, avian bird flu and SARS, political
instability, regional hostilities, increases in fuel prices,
imposition of taxes or surcharges by regulatory authorities,
travel related accidents and unusual weather patterns, including
natural disasters such as hurricanes, tsunamis or earthquakes.
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The number of shares available for future sale could
adversely affect the market price of our common shares.
We cannot predict the effect, if any, of future sales of common
shares, or the availability of common shares for future sale, on
the market price of our common shares. Sales of substantial
amounts of common shares (including shares issued to our
trustees and officers), or the perception that these sales could
occur, may adversely affect prevailing market prices for our
common shares.
We also may issue from time to time additional common shares or
limited partnership interests in our operating partnership in
connection with the acquisition of properties and we may grant
demand or piggyback registration rights in connection with these
issuances. Sales of substantial amounts of our common shares or
the perception that these sales could occur may adversely affect
the prevailing market price for our common shares or may impair
our ability to raise capital through a sale of additional equity
securities. Upon completion of this offering, we expect to
have
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common shares outstanding, including the common shares sold in
this offering, common shares sold in the concurrent private
placement, restricted
common shares granted to our trustees
and shares
underlying LTIP units to be granted to our officers under our
Equity Incentive Plan upon completion of this offering, or an
aggregate
of common
shares if the underwriters overallotment option is
exercised in full. Our Equity Incentive Plan provides for grants
of equity based awards up to an aggregate of common shares.
Future offerings of debt or equity securities ranking
senior to our common shares may adversely affect the market
price of our common shares.
If we decide to issue debt or equity securities in the future
ranking senior to our common shares or otherwise incur
indebtedness, it is possible that these securities or
indebtedness will be governed by an indenture or other
instrument containing covenants restricting our operating
flexibility and limiting our ability to make distributions to
our shareholders. Additionally, any convertible or exchangeable
securities that we issue in the future may have rights,
preferences and privileges, including with respect to
distributions, more favorable than those of our common shares
and may result in dilution to owners of our common shares.
Because our decision to issue debt or equity securities in any
future offering or otherwise incur indebtedness will depend on
market conditions and other factors beyond our control, we
cannot predict or estimate the amount, timing or nature of our
future offerings or financings, any of which could reduce the
market price of our common shares and dilute the value of our
common shares.
30
CAUTIONARY
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
We make forward-looking statements in this prospectus that are
subject to risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking
statements include information about possible or assumed future
results of our business, financial condition, liquidity, results
of operations, cash flow and plans and objectives. When we use
the words believe, expect,
anticipate, estimate, plan,
continue, intend, should,
may or similar expressions, we intend to identify
forward-looking statements. Statements regarding the following
subjects, among others, may be forward-looking:
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use of the proceeds of this offering and the concurrent private
placement;
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market trends in our industry, interest rates, real estate
values, the debt financing markets or the general economy or the
demand for commercial real estate loans;
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our business and investment strategy;
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our projected operating results;
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actions and initiatives of the U.S. government and changes
to U.S. government policies and the execution and impact of
these actions, initiatives and policies;
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the state of the U.S. economy generally or in specific
geographic regions;
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economic trends and economic recoveries;
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our ability to obtain and maintain financing arrangements;
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changes in the value of our properties;
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our expected portfolio of properties;
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the degree to which our hedging strategies may or may not
protect us from interest rate volatility;
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impact of and changes in governmental regulations, tax law and
rates, accounting guidance and similar matters;
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our ability to satisfy the requirements for REIT qualification
under the Code;
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availability of qualified personnel;
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estimates relating to our ability to make distributions to our
shareholders in the future;
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general volatility of the capital markets and the market price
of our common shares; and
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degree and nature of our competition.
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The forward-looking statements are based on our beliefs,
assumptions and expectations of our future performance, taking
into account all information currently available to us.
Forward-looking statements are not predictions of future events.
These beliefs, assumptions and expectations can change as a
result of many possible events or factors, not all of which are
known to us. Some of these factors are described in this
prospectus under the headings Prospectus Summary,
Risk Factors, Managements Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
and Business. If a change occurs, our business,
financial condition, liquidity and results of operations may
vary materially from those expressed in our forward-looking
statements. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the
date on which it is made. New risks and uncertainties arise over
time, and it is not possible for us to predict those events or
how they may affect us. Except as required by law, we are not
obligated to, and do not intend to, update or revise any
forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new
information, future events or otherwise.
31
USE OF
PROCEEDS
We estimate that the net proceeds of this offering will be
approximately $ million after
deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and other
estimated offering expenses. If the underwriters
overallotment option is exercised in full, our net proceeds will
be approximately $ million.
Concurrently with the offering, in a separate private placement
pursuant to Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended, we will
sell
common shares (representing $10 million in proceeds) to our
chief executive officer, Jeffrey H. Fisher, at a price per share
equal to the price to the public, and without payment by us of
any underwriting discount or commission.
We will contribute the net proceeds of this offering and the
concurrent private placement to our operating partnership. Our
operating partnership will use approximately $73.5 million
of the net proceeds to purchase the initial acquisition hotels.
We intend to invest approximately
$ million over the
next years to enhance the quality of the six initial
acquisition hotels. This capital will be used to upgrade guest
rooms and common areas and includes our estimate of the amounts
Hilton will require us to spend as part of a property
improvement plan, or PIP, for the hotels. We believe that this
investment will improve the quality of the initial acquisition
hotels, further differentiate them from their primary
competitors, and enhance their performance. We believe that the
current market environment, with depressed hotel operating
performance, provides an attractive time to complete the planned
renovations of the initial acquisition hotels because there will
be less displacement of guests and lost revenues due to current
low occupancy rates and room rates than in a more robust
economic environment. We believe that investing in our
properties in the current environment will also better position
them to outperform competing properties as economic conditions
improve.
Our operating partnership will use the remaining net proceeds to
invest in hotel properties in accordance with our investment
strategy described in this prospectus and for general business
purposes. Prior to the full investment of the offering proceeds
in hotel properties, we intend to invest in interest-bearing
short-term securities or money-market accounts that are
consistent with our intention to qualify as a REIT. Such
investments may include, for example, government and government
agency certificates, certificates of deposit, interest-bearing
bank deposits and mortgage loan participations. These initial
investments are expected to provide a lower net return than we
will seek to achieve from investments in hotel properties.
We will use approximately $ of the
net proceeds to reimburse Mr. Fisher for
out-of-pocket
expenses Mr. Fisher incurred in connection with our
formation and this offering, including up to $2.5 million
Mr. Fisher funded as earnest money deposits, as required by
the purchase agreement for the initial acquisition hotels. We
will also use $10,000 to repurchase the shares he acquired in
connection with our formation and initial capitalization.
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CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth:
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our actual capitalization as of October 30, 2009; and
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our capitalization as of October 30, 2009, as adjusted to
give effect to the sale of our common shares in this offering
and the concurrent private placement, at an offering price of
$ per share, not including shares
subject to the underwriters overallotment option, and net
of the underwriting discounts and commissions and other
estimated offering expenses payable by us in connection with
this offering.
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The following table should be read in conjunction with the
section captioned Managements Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
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As of October 30, 2009
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Pro Forma
|
|
|
|
Actual
|
|
|
As
Adjusted(1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
Cash
|
|
$
|
10,000
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholders equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common shares, $0.01 par value, 1,000 shares
authorized, 1,000 shares issued and outstanding, actual;
shares issued and outstanding, as
adjusted(1)
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional paid-in capital
|
|
|
9,990
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total shareholders equity
|
|
|
10,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total capitalization
|
|
$
|
10,000
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Includes shares
we will issue to Mr. Fisher in a private placement
concurrent with the closing of this offering. Also includes an
aggregate
of
restricted common shares that will be issued to our independent
trustees upon completion of this offering under our Equity
Incentive Plan. Excludes
(i) common
shares underlying long-term incentive plan, or LTIP, units in
our operating partnership that will be issued to Mr. Fisher
and certain other officers upon completion of this offering,
(ii) common
shares reserved for issuance under our Equity Incentive Plan and
(iii) common
shares issuable upon exercise of the underwriters
overallotment option. |
33
DISTRIBUTION
POLICY
We intend over time to make regular quarterly distributions to
holders of our common shares. However, until we invest a
substantial portion of the net proceeds of this offering in
hotel properties, we expect our quarterly distributions will be
nominal, if any. In order to qualify for taxation as a REIT, we
intend to make annual distributions to our shareholders of an
amount at least equal to:
|
|
|
|
|
90% of our REIT taxable income (determined before the deduction
for dividends paid and excluding any net capital gain); plus
|
|
|
|
90% of the excess of our after-tax net income, if any, from
foreclosure property over the tax imposed on such income by the
Code; less
|
|
|
|
the sum of certain items of non-cash income (as determined under
Sections 857 of the Code).
|
Generally, we expect to distribute 100% of our REIT taxable
income so as to avoid the excise tax on undistributed REIT
taxable income. However, we cannot assure you as to when we will
begin to generate sufficient cash flow to make distributions to
our shareholders or our ability to sustain those distributions.
See Material U.S. Federal Income Tax
Considerations.
Distributions will be authorized and declared by our board of
trustees based upon a variety of factors, including:
|
|
|
|
|
actual results of operations;
|
|
|
|
the timing of the investment of the net proceeds of this
offering;
|
|
|
|
any debt service requirements;
|
|
|
|
capital expenditure requirements for our properties;
|
|
|
|
our taxable income;
|
|
|
|
the annual distribution requirement under the REIT provisions of
the Code;
|
|
|
|
our operating expenses; and
|
|
|
|
other factors that our board of trustees may deem relevant.
|
Our ability to pay distributions to our shareholders will
depend, in part, upon our receipt of distributions from our
operating partnership, which will depend upon receipt of rent
payments from our TRS lessees and the management of our hotels
by the third-party hotel management companies that our TRS
lessees will engage to operate our hotels. Distributions to our
shareholders generally will be taxable to our shareholders as
ordinary income; however, because a significant portion of our
investments will be ownership of equity interests in hotel
properties, which will generate depreciation and other non-cash
charges against our income, a portion of our distributions may
constitute a tax-free return of capital. To the extent not
inconsistent with maintaining our qualification as a REIT, we
may retain any earnings that accumulate in our TRSs.
34
SELECTED
FINANCIAL DATA
We are a newly formed entity without any operating history. See
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations.
MANAGEMENT
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
You should read the following discussion in conjunction with the
information provided under the section of this prospectus
entitled Risk Factors, Cautionary Note
Regarding Forward-looking Statements, and Our
Business and our audited balance sheet and the related
notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion
contains forward-looking statements reflecting current
expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual
results and the timing of events may differ materially from
those contained in these forward-looking statements due to a
number of factors, including those discussed in the section
entitled Risk Factors and elsewhere in this
prospectus.
Overview
We are a self-advised hotel investment company organized in
October 2009 to invest in premium-branded upscale extended-stay,
select-service, and full-service hotels. We expect that a
significant portion of our portfolio will consist of hotels in
the upscale extended-stay category, including brands such as
Homewood Suites by
Hilton®,
Residence Inn by
Marriott®
and Summerfield Suites by
Hyatt®.
Upscale extended-stay hotels typically have the following
characteristics:
|
|
|
|
|
their principal customer base includes business travelers who
are on extended assignments and corporate relocations;
|
|
|
|
their services and amenities include complimentary breakfast and
evening hospitality hour, high-speed internet access, in-room
movie channels, limited meeting space, daily linen and room
cleaning service,
24-hour
front desk, guest grocery services, and an
on-site
maintenance staff; and
|
|
|
|
their physical facilities include large suites, quality
construction, full separate kitchens in each guest suite,
quality room furnishings, pool, and exercise facilities.
|
We also intend to invest in premium-branded select-service
hotels such as Courtyard by
Marriott®,
Hampton
Inn®
and Hampton Inn and
Suites®.
The service and amenity offerings of these hotels typically
include complimentary breakfast, high-speed internet access,
local calls, in-room movie channels, and daily linen and room
cleaning service. In addition, we intend to selectively invest
in premium-branded full-service hotels. The service and amenity
offerings of these hotels often include full-service
restaurants, lounges, room service, meeting rooms, banquet and
catering services, as well as high-speed internet access, local
calls, in-room movie channels, and daily linen and room cleaning
service. We intend to invest primarily in hotels in the 25
largest metropolitan markets in the United States. We believe
that current market conditions will create attractive
opportunities to acquire high quality hotels at cyclically low
prices that will benefit from an improving economy and our
aggressive asset management. As a newly formed company with no
business activity to date, we have no operating history and only
nominal assets, consisting of only cash contributed in
connection with our formation. See Capitalization.
We currently do not own any properties but have entered into an
agreement to purchase the six initial acquisition hotels
following completion of this offering for an aggregate purchase
price of $73.5 million. Upon completion of this offering
and the concurrent private placement to Mr. Fisher, and
following the purchase of the initial acquisition hotels, we
expect to have approximately
$ million of cash available
to invest in additional hotel properties and we will have no
debt.
We intend to elect and qualify to be treated as a REIT for
federal income tax purposes.
35
For us to qualify as a REIT under the Code, we cannot operate
the hotels that we acquire. Therefore, our operating partnership
and its subsidiaries will lease our hotel properties to our TRS
lessees, who will in turn engage eligible independent
contractors to manage our hotels. Each of these lessees will be
treated as a TRS for federal income tax purposes and will be
consolidated into our financial statements for accounting
purposes. However, since both our operating partnership and our
TRS lessees will be controlled by us, our principal source of
funds on a consolidated basis will be from the operations of our
hotels. The earnings of our TRS lessees will be subject to
taxation as regular C corporations, reducing such lessees
ability to pay dividends, our funds from operations and the cash
available for distribution to our shareholders.
Liquidity and
Capital Resources
We intend to limit the outstanding principal amount of our
consolidated indebtedness to not more than 35% of the investment
in our hotel properties at cost (defined as our initial
acquisition price plus the gross amount of any subsequent
capital investment and excluding any impairment charges)
measured at the time we incur debt, and a subsequent decrease in
hotel property values will not necessarily cause us to repay
debt to comply with this limitation. Our board of trustees may
modify or eliminate this policy at any time without the approval
of our shareholders. Upon completion of this offering and
concurrent private placement and following our purchase of the
the initial acquisition hotels, we expect to have approximately
$ million in cash available
to fund additional investments in hotel properties. There can be
no assurance that we will make any investments in any properties
that meet our investment criteria.
We expect to meet our short-term liquidity requirements
generally through net cash provided by operations, existing cash
balances and, if necessary, short-term borrowings under an
anticipated revolving credit facility. We believe that our net
cash provided by operations will be adequate to fund operating
requirements, pay interest on any borrowings and fund dividends
in accordance with the requirements for qualification as a REIT
under the Code. We expect to meet our long-term liquidity
requirements, such as hotel property acquisitions, through the
cash we will have available upon completion of this offering and
subsequent borrowings and expect to fund other investments in
hotel properties and scheduled debt maturities through long-term
secured and unsecured borrowings and the issuance of additional
equity or debt securities.
We plan to arrange and utilize a revolving credit facility that
we anticipate will be in place following the investment of the
net proceeds of this offering. This facility, which we expect
will be secured by hotel properties we acquire and other assets,
will be used for general corporate purposes. We intend to repay
indebtedness incurred under our credit facility from time to
time out of cash flow and from the net proceeds of issuances of
additional equity and debt securities. No assurances can be
given that we will obtain such credit facility or, if we do,
what the amount and terms will be. Our failure to obtain such a
facility on favorable terms could adversely impact our ability
to execute our business strategy. In the future, we may seek to
increase the amount of our credit facility, negotiate additional
credit facilities or issue corporate debt instruments. Any debt
incurred or issued by us may be secured or unsecured, long-term
or short-term, fixed or variable interest rate and may be
subject to such other terms as we deem prudent.
We intend to invest in hotel properties only as suitable
opportunities arise. In the near-term, we intend to fund future
investments in properties with the net proceeds of this offering
and the concurrent private placement. Longer term, we intend to
finance our investments with the net proceeds from additional
issuances of common and preferred shares, issuances of units of
limited partnership interest in our operating partnership or
other securities or borrowings. The success of our acquisition
strategy may depend, in part, on our ability to access
additional capital through issuances of equity securities. There
can be no assurance that we will make any investments in any
properties that meet our investment criteria.
36
Quantitative and
Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk
Inflation
Operators of hotels, in general, possess the ability to adjust
room rates daily to reflect the effects of inflation. However,
competitive pressures may limit the ability of our management
companies to raise room rates.
Seasonality
Depending on a hotels location and market, operations for
the hotel may be seasonal in nature. This seasonality can be
expected to cause fluctuations in our quarterly operating
profits. To the extent that cash flow from operations is
insufficient during any quarter, due to temporary or seasonal
fluctuations in revenue, we expect to utilize cash on hand or
borrowings under our anticipated revolving credit facility to
make distributions to our equity holders.
Critical
Accounting Policies
Below is a discussion of the accounting policies that we believe
will be critical once we commence operations. We consider these
policies critical because they require estimates about matters
that are inherently uncertain, involve various assumptions and
require significant management judgment, and because they are
important for understanding and evaluating our reported
financial results. These judgments will affect the reported
amounts of assets and liabilities and our disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses
during the reporting periods. Applying different estimates or
assumptions may result in materially different amounts reported
in our financial statements.
Hotel
Properties
Acquisitions and
Property Improvements
Upon acquisition, we will allocate the purchase price based on
the fair value of the acquired land, building, furniture,
fixtures and equipment, identifiable intangible assets, other
assets and assumed liabilities. Identifiable intangible assets
typically arise from contractual arrangements. We will determine
the acquisition-date fair values of all assets and assumed
liabilities using methods similar to those used by independent
appraisers (e.g., discounted cash flow analysis) and that
utilize appropriate discount
and/or
capitalization rates and available market information. Estimates
of future cash flows are based on a number of factors, including
historical operating results, known and anticipated trends, and
market and economic conditions. Acquisition costs will be
expensed as incurred.
Hotel renovations
and/or
replacements of assets that improve or extend the life of the
asset are capitalized and depreciated over their estimated
useful lives. Furniture, fixtures and equipment under capital
leases are carried at the present value of the minimum lease
payments.
Repair and maintenance costs are charged to expense as incurred.
Depreciation and
Amortization
Hotel properties are carried at cost and depreciated using the
straight-line method over an estimated useful life of 25 to
40 years for buildings and one to 10 years for
furniture, fixtures and equipment. Intangible assets arising
from contractual arrangements are typically amortized over the
life of the contract.
We will be required to make subjective assessments as to the
useful lives and classification of its properties for purposes
of determining the amount of depreciation expense to reflect
each year with respect to the assets. These assessments may
impact our results of operations.
37
Impairment
We will monitor events and changes in circumstances for
indicators that the carrying value of the hotel and related
assets may be impaired. We will prepare an estimate of the
undiscounted future cash flows, without interest charges, of the
specific hotel and determine if the investment in such hotel is
recoverable based on the undiscounted future cash flows. If
impairment is indicated, an adjustment will be made to the
carrying value of the hotel to reflect the hotel at fair value.
These assessments may impact the results of our operations.
A hotel is considered
held-for-sale
when a contract for sale is entered into, a substantial,
non-refundable deposit has been committed by the purchaser, and
sale is expected to close.
Revenue
Recognition
Revenue consists of amounts derived from hotel operations,
including the sales of rooms, food and beverage, and other
ancillary amenities. Revenue is recognized when rooms are
occupied and services have been rendered. These revenue sources
are affected by conditions impacting the travel and hospitality
industry as well as competition from other hotels and businesses
in similar markets.
Share-Based
Compensation
Prior to completion of this offering, we will adopt an Equity
Incentive Plan that provides for the grant of common share
options, share awards, share appreciation rights, performance
units and other equity-based awards. Equity-based compensation
will be recognized as an expense in the financial statements and
measured at the fair value of the award on the date of grant.
The amount of the expense may be subject to adjustment in future
periods depending on the specific characteristics of the
equity-based award and the application of the accounting
guidance.
Income
Taxes
We intend to elect to be taxed as a REIT under the Code and
intend to operate as such beginning with our short taxable year
ending December 31, 2010. We expect to have little or no
taxable income prior to electing REIT status. To qualify as a
REIT, we must meet certain organizational and operational
requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90%
of our annual REIT taxable income to our shareholders (which is
computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction or net
capital gain and which does not necessarily equal net income as
calculated in accordance with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States, or GAAP). As a REIT, we generally
will not be subject to federal income tax to the extent we
distribute our taxable income to our shareholders. If we fail to
qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject to
federal income tax on our taxable income at regular corporate
income tax rates and generally will not be permitted to qualify
for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for the
four taxable years following the year during which qualification
is lost unless the IRS grants us relief under certain statutory
provisions. Such an event could materially adversely affect our
net income and net cash available for distribution to
shareholders. However, we intend to organize and operate in such
a manner as to qualify for treatment as a REIT.
Recently Issued
Accounting Standards
In May 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB,
issued an accounting standard that establishes general standards
of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the
balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or
are available to be issued. It requires the disclosure of the
date through which an entity has evaluated subsequent events and
the basis for that date. It also requires public entities to
evaluate subsequent events through the date that the financial
statements are issued.
38
In June 2009, the FASB issued an accounting standard that
requires enterprises to perform a more qualitative approach to
determining whether or not a variable interest entity will need
to be consolidated. This evaluation will be based on an
enterprises ability to direct and influence the activities
of a variable interest entity that most significantly impact its
economic performance. It requires ongoing reassessments of
whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of a variable
interest entity. This accounting standard is effective for
fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2009. Early
adoption is not permitted. We are evaluating the effect of this
accounting standard on future acquisitions.
In June 2009, the FASB issued an accounting standard that made
the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, or the Codification,
the source of authoritative GAAP recognized by the FASB to be
applied by nongovernmental entities. Rules and interpretive
releases of the SEC under authority of federal securities laws
are also sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. The
Codification has superseded all then-existing non-SEC accounting
and reporting standards. All other non-grandfathered non-SEC
accounting literature not included in the Codification became
non-authoritative. This accounting standard is effective for
financial statements issued for interim and annual periods
ending after September 15, 2009. Following the issuance of
this accounting standard, the FASB will not issue new standards
in the form of Statements, FASB Staff Positions, or Emerging
Issues Task Force Abstracts. Instead, it will issue Accounting
Standards Updates. FASB will not consider Accounting Standards
Updates as authoritative in their own right. Accounting
Standards Updates will serve only to update the Codification,
provide background information about the guidance, and provide
the bases for conclusions on the change(s) in the Codification.
While we are evaluating the effect of this accounting standard,
we currently believe that the adoption of this standard will not
have a material impact on our financial statements.
Results of
Operations
As of the date of this prospectus, we have not commenced any
operations and will not commence any operations until we have
completed the offering and the concurrent private placement.
Off-balance Sheet
Arrangements
As of the date of this prospectus, we have no off-balance sheet
arrangements.
39
BUSINESS
Overview
We are a self-advised hotel investment company organized in
October 2009 to invest in premium-branded upscale extended-stay,
select-service, and full-service hotels. We expect that a
significant portion of our portfolio will consist of hotels in
the upscale extended-stay market, including brands such as
Residence Inn by
Marriott®,
Homewood Suites by
Hilton®
and Summerfield Suites by
Hyatt®.
Upscale extended-stay hotels typically have the following
characteristics:
|
|
|
|
|
their principal customer base includes business travelers who
are on extended assignments and corporate relocations;
|
|
|
|
their services and amenities include complimentary breakfast and
evening hospitality hour, high-speed internet access, in-room
movie channels, limited meeting space, daily linen and room
cleaning service,
24-hour
front desk, guest grocery services, and an
on-site
maintenance staff; and
|
|
|
|
their physical facilities include large suites, quality
construction, full separate kitchens in each guest suite,
quality room furnishings, pool, and exercise facilities.
|
We also intend to invest in premium-branded select-service
hotels such as Courtyard by
Marriott®,
Hampton
Inn®
and Hampton Inn and
Suites®.
The service and amenity offerings of these hotels typically
include complimentary breakfast, high-speed internet access,
local calls, in-room movie channels, and daily linen and room
cleaning service. In addition, we intend to selectively invest
in premium-branded full-service hotels. The service and amenity
offerings of these hotels often include full-service
restaurants, lounges, room service, meeting rooms, banquet and
catering services, as well as high-speed internet access, local
calls, in-room movie channels, and daily linen and room cleaning
service. We intend to invest primarily in hotels in the 25
largest metropolitan markets in the United States. We believe
that current market conditions will create attractive
opportunities to acquire high quality hotels at cyclically low
prices that will benefit from an improving economy and our
aggressive asset management.
Our management team, led by our chief executive officer, Jeffrey
H. Fisher, has extensive experience acquiring, developing,
financing, repositioning, managing and selling hotels. Prior to
forming Chatham Lodging Trust, Mr. Fisher served as
chairman and chief executive officer of Innkeepers from its
inception in 1994 through its sale in June 2007. Mr. Fisher
successfully grew Innkeepers from a portfolio of seven hotels at
the time of its IPO in 1994 to 74 hotels at the time of its sale
and delivered strong returns for Innkeepers shareholders.
Seven of the eight members of the board of trustees of
Innkeepers at the time of its sale in June 2007 have agreed to
serve as trustees of our company effective upon closing of this
offering.
We have entered into an agreement to purchase the six initial
acquisition hotels from wholly owned subsidiaries of RLJ
Development, LLC for an aggregate purchase price of
$73.5 million. We expect to close the acquisition shortly
after completing this offering and the concurrent private
placement. Each initial acquisition hotel operates under the
Homewood Suites by
Hilton®
brand. The initial acquisition hotels are located in Billerica,
Massachusetts; Bloomington, Minnesota; Brentwood, Tennessee;
Dallas, Texas; Farmington, Connecticut and Maitland, Florida. We
believe that these are high quality hotels with strong locations
which are well positioned to benefit from an economic recovery.
We will own each of the initial acquisition hotels in fee simple
and will lease the hotels to our TRS lessees, who will assume
existing management agreements with the current hotel manager,
Promus Hotels, Inc., a subsidiary of Hilton, which will continue
to manage the hotels following our acquisition.
Upon completion of this offering and the concurrent private
placement to Mr. Fisher, and following our purchase of the
initial acquisition hotels, we expect to have approximately
$ million of cash available
to invest in additional hotel properties and we will have no
debt.
We intend to elect and qualify to be treated as a REIT for
federal income tax purposes.
40
Market
Opportunity
We believe current market conditions will create attractive
opportunities to acquire hotel properties at prices that
represent significant discounts to replacement cost and that
provide potential for significant long-term value appreciation.
U.S. hotel industry operating performance has declined
substantially over the last year due to the challenging economic
conditions created by declining GDP, high levels of
unemployment, low consumer confidence, the significant decline
in home prices and a reduction in the availability of credit. In
addition to facing declining operating results, hotel owners
have been adversely impacted by a significant decline in the
availability of debt financing. The CMBS market historically
provided a significant amount of debt financing to the hotel
industry, especially from 2004 to 2007, but effectively has been
closed since July 2008. Banks and insurance companies,
traditionally significant sources of debt financing for the
hotel industry, have been significantly impacted by losses in
their loan portfolios, causing them to reduce their lending to
the hotel industry. We believe that the combination of declining
operating performance and reduction in the availability of debt
financing have caused hotel values to decline and will lead to
increased hotel loan foreclosures and distressed hotel property
sales. In addition, we believe that the supply of new hotels is
likely to remain low for the next several years due to weak
industry operating fundamentals and limited availability of debt
financing. Hotel industry operating performance historically has
correlated with U.S. GDP growth, and a number of economists
and government agencies currently predict that the
U.S. economy will resume growth over the next several
years. We believe that U.S. GDP growth, coupled with
limited supply of new hotels, will lead to significant increases
in lodging industry revenue per available room, or RevPAR, a key
industry operating statistic, and hotel operating profits. We
believe that our management teams significant experience
in acquiring hotels, our growth oriented capital structure with
no legacy issues, and our focused business strategy will
position us to take advantage of hotel investment opportunities
created by current market conditions.
As shown in the table below, RevPAR for U.S. hotels has
shown significant monthly declines since July 2008.
Source: Smith Travel Research.
41
In addition to facing declining operating results, hotel owners
have been adversely impacted by a significant decline in the
availability of debt financing. As shown in the table below, the
CMBS market historically provided a significant amount of debt
financing to the real estate industry, especially from 2004
through 2007, but effectively has been closed since July 2008.
Source: Commercial Mortgage Alert.
Note: Includes U.S. agency and non-agency issuance.
Banks and insurance companies, traditionally significant sources
of debt financing, have been significantly impacted by losses in
their loan portfolios, causing them to reduce their lending to
the hotel industry. We believe that the combination of declining
operating performance and reduction in the availability of debt
financing have caused the prices of hotels to decline and will
lead to increased hotel loan foreclosures and distressed hotel
property sales.
As shown in the charts below, distressed hotel loan volumes have
risen dramatically since late summer 2008.
Source: Real Capital Analytics.
Note: Distressed loans include loans in foreclosure, in
bankruptcy and in restructured/modified status.
42
Given weak current operating conditions in the lodging sector
and limited availability of debt to fund new development
projects, we believe that growth in new hotel room supply is
likely to remain low for the next several years as shown in the
chart below.
Source: Smith Travel Research (1988 -2008), PKF
September November 2009 Edition of Hotel
Horizons®
Econometric Forecasts of U.S. Hotel Markets,
(2009E-2013E).
Hotel industry operating performance historically has correlated
with overall GDP growth. As shown below, U.S. real GDP
growth is projected to resume over the next several years.
Source: U.S. Real GDP from Bureau of Economic Analysis
(1988-2008)
and IMF World Economic and Financial Surveys (2009E to
2014E).
43
We believe that a recovery in U.S. GDP growth, coupled with
limited growth in new hotel room supply, will lead to
significant increases in lodging industry RevPAR and operating
profit.
Source: Smith Travel Research (1988 -2008), PKF Hotel
Horizons Econometric Forecasts of U.S. Hotel Markets,
(2009E-2013E).
We believe our management teams significant experience
acquiring hotels, our growth oriented capital structure with no
legacy issues and our focused business strategy, will position
us to take advantage of acquisition opportunities created by
current market conditions.
Competitive
Strengths
Experienced management team: We believe that
our senior executive officers, who have extensive lodging
industry experience, will help drive our companys growth.
Our management team is led by Mr. Fisher who has over
23 years of experience in the lodging industry, including
13 years as founder and chief executive officer of
Innkeepers. Mr. Fisher has longtime relationships with
hotel owners (such as RLJ Development, LLC, the parent company
of the sellers of the six initial acquisition hotels),
developers, management companies, franchisors, hotel brokers,
financiers, research analysts and institutional investors.
Strong acquisition and growth
record: Mr. Fisher formed Innkeepers through
a $46.9 million IPO in 1994 and served as its chairman and
chief executive officer until it was sold at a total enterprise
value of approximately $1.5 billion in 2007.
Mr. Fisher successfully grew Innkeepers from a portfolio of
seven hotels at the time of its IPO in 1994 to 74 hotels at the
time of its sale. An investment in Innkeepers common
shares from the date of its IPO through the date of its sale
generated a total return of approximately 318% for each share
purchased at the IPO price of $10.00 per share (assuming
reinvestment of all cash dividends paid by Innkeepers on its
common shares for all periods following its IPO in additional
common shares). Over the period beginning in the same month as
the Innkeepers IPO and ending in June 2007, the month that
Innkeepers was sold, the FTSE NAREIT Equity Lodging/Resorts
Index increased by approximately 209%.
Prudent capital structure with no legacy
issues: We believe that many potential buyers of
hotel properties typically utilize significant levels of debt to
fund acquisitions and thus may be limited in their ability to
make acquisitions under current market conditions. In addition,
we believe many potential buyers of hotel properties already
have high leverage levels which could limit their ability to
44
acquire additional properties. At the close of this offering
and the concurrent private placement to Mr. Fisher, and
following the purchase of the initial acquisition hotels, we
will have approximately
$ million of cash available
to invest in additional hotel properties and we will have no
debt. We plan to maintain a prudent capital structure and intend
to limit our consolidated indebtedness to not more than 35% of
our investment in hotel properties at cost (defined as our
initial acquisition price plus the gross amount of any
subsequent capital investment and excluding any impairment
charges).
Longtime relationships with leading lodging franchise and
management companies: Mr. Fisher has
longtime relationships with several leading hotel franchise and
management companies, having acquired and developed a
significant number of hotels operated under Marriotts
Residence
Inn®
and Courtyard by
Marriott®
brands and Hiltons Hampton
Inn®
brand. Prior to its sale in 2007, Innkeepers owned 44 Residence
Inns, making it one of the worlds largest owners of
Residence Inn hotels. Mr. Fisher has been a member of
Marriotts Residence Inn Advisory Board since 1998.
Mr. Fisher was one of the early franchisees of Hampton Inn
hotels and Innkeepers owned twelve Hampton Inns at the time of
its sale.
Our Strategy and
Investment Criteria
Our primary objective is to generate attractive returns for our
shareholders through investing in hotel properties at prices
that provide strong risk-adjusted returns on invested capital,
paying dividends and generating long-term value appreciation. We
believe we can create long-term value by pursuing the following
strategies:
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|
|
Disciplined acquisition of hotel
properties: We intend to invest primarily in
premium-branded upscale extended-stay, select-service and
full-service hotels in the 25 largest metropolitan markets in
the United States. We will focus on acquiring hotel properties
at prices below replacement cost in markets that have strong
demand generators and where we expect demand growth will outpace
new supply. We will also seek to acquire properties that we
believe are undermanaged or undercapitalized.
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Opportunistic hotel repositioning: We intend
to employ value-added strategies, such as re-branding,
renovating, or changing management, when we believe such
strategies will increase the operating results and values of the
hotels we acquire.
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|
Aggressive asset management: Although as a
REIT we cannot operate our hotels, we will work closely with our
third-party management companies to maximize hotel operating
performance. Our asset management activities will seek to ensure
that our third-party managers effectively utilize franchise
brands marketing programs, develop effective sales
management policies and plans, operate properties efficiently,
control costs, and develop operational initiatives for our
hotels that increase guest satisfaction. We will reinvest in our
hotels to maintain quality, increase long-term value and
generate attractive returns.
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|
Flexible selection of hotel management
companies: We intend to be flexible in our
selection of hotel management companies and select managers that
we believe will maximize the performance of our hotels. We
intend to utilize brand-affiliated management companies such as
Marriott International, Inc., Hilton Worldwide, Starwood
Hotels & Resorts Worldwide, Inc., Hyatt Hotels
Corporation and InterContinental Hotels Group, although we may
also utilize independent management companies such as IHM. We
believe this strategy will increase the universe of potential
acquisition opportunities we can consider because many hotel
properties are encumbered by long-term management contracts. We
believe that our willingness to utilize brand-affiliated
management companies may lead to these companies bringing
off-market transactions to our attention that may
not be available to other hotel investors. An affiliate of
Hilton Hotels Corporation will manage our six initial hotels.
|
45
|
|
|
|
|
Selective investment in hotel debt: We may
consider selectively investing in debt secured by hotel property
if we believe we can foreclose on or acquire ownership of the
underlying hotel property in the relative near term. We do not
intend to invest in any debt where we do not expect to gain
ownership of the underlying property or to originate any debt
financing.
|
Initial
Acquisition Hotels
We have entered into an agreement to purchase the initial
acquisition hotels from wholly owned subsidiaries of RLJ
Development, LLC for an aggregate purchase price of
$73.5 million. Each of the initial acquisition hotels
operates under the Homewood Suites by
Hilton®
brand. The six initial acquisition hotels contain an aggregate
of 813 suites and are located in the major MSAs of Boston,
Massachusetts; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Nashville, Tennessee;
Dallas, Texas; Hartford, Connecticut and Orlando, Florida. The
upscale all-suite residential style Homewood Suites by
Hilton®
brand caters to travelers typically seeking home-like amenities
from a hotel when traveling for several days or more. Each
spacious suite typically offers separate living and sleeping
areas and a fully operational kitchen to satisfy guests
needs for comfort, flexibility and convenience.
We believe that our senior managements relationship and
successful past transaction history while at Innkeepers with RLJ
Development, LLC, the parent company of the sellers of the
initial acquisition hotels, helped facilitate this attractive
off-market transaction. We believe that there are a limited
number of potential buyers currently able to compete for
acquisitions of portfolios such as the initial acquisition
hotels since there are no current public lodging REITs primarily
focused on acquiring and owning upscale extended-stay hotels and
many potential private buyers may not have access to sufficient
equity or debt capital to complete acquisitions of this size.
The initial acquisition hotels have a number of attractive
characteristics that make them an excellent fit with our
business strategy:
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|
|
Our purchase price of $90,406 per room represents a substantial
discount to our estimate of replacement cost.
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|
The hotels are located in major MSAs.
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|
The hotels are attractively situated within their markets in
areas with high barriers to entry, since little comparable land
is available to build competing hotels.
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|
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|
The hotels are located near multiple demand generators that
contribute both business and leisure guests, including major
office parks, universities, airports and leading regional and
international tourist attractions.
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|
|
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The hotels have the opportunity for significant performance
improvement when the economy recovers.
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|
|
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|
The hotels have potential to benefit from additional capital
investment at a time when we believe few competitors can afford
to reinvest in their properties.
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|
The hotels are upscale extended-stay properties that operate
under the high quality Homewood Suites by
Hilton®
brand.
|
We believe this acquisition demonstrates our ability to execute
our business strategy of acquiring high quality premium-branded
upscale extended-stay and select service hotels located in
markets with strong growth potential and high barriers to entry
at attractive prices. The initial acquisition hotels will
provide us with a strong initial platform to faciliate the
future growth of our company.
We will own each of the initial acquisition hotels in fee simple
and will lease the hotels to our TRS lessees. Our TRS lessees
will assume the existing management agreements with the current
manager, Promus Hotels, Inc., a subsidiary of Hilton, which will
continue to manage the hotels following our acquisition. We
expect to close this acquisition shortly after completing this
offering and the concurrent private placement.
46
We intend to invest approximately
$ million over the
next years to enhance the quality
of the six initial acquisition hotels. This capital will be
used to upgrade guest rooms and common areas and includes our
estimate of the amounts Hilton will require us to spend as part
of a PIP for the hotels. We believe that this investment will
improve the quality of the initial acquisition hotels, further
differentiate them from their primary competitors and enhance
their performance. We believe that the current market
environment, with depressed hotel operating performance,
provides an attractive time to complete the planned renovations
of the initial acquisition hotels because there will be less
displacement of guests and lost revenues due to current low
occupancy rates and room rates than in a more robust economic
environment. We believe that investing in our properties in the
current environment will also better position them to outperform
competing properties as economic conditions improve.
Below is certain information regarding the initial acquisition
hotels:
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2009
|
|
|
Purchase Price
|
|
Property
|
|
Location
|
|
Year Opened
|
|
|
Hotel Rooms
|
|
|
Occupancy
|
|
|
ADR
|
|
|
RevPAR
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
Per Room
|
|
|
Homewood Suites Billerica
|
|
Billerica (Boston), MA
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
|
147
|
|
|
|
61.9
|
%
|
|
$
|
112.45
|
|
|
$
|
69.63
|
|
|
$
|
12,550,000
|
|
|
$
|
85,374
|
|
Homewood Suites Bloomington
|
|
Bloomington (Minneapolis), MN
|
|
|
1998
|
|
|
|
144
|
|
|
|
80.6
|
%
|
|
$
|
109.52
|
|
|
$
|
88.32
|
|
|
|
18,000,000
|
|
|
|
125,000
|
|
Homewood Suites Brentwood
|
|
Brentwood (Nashville), TN
|
|
|
1998
|
|
|
|
121
|
|
|
|
66.1
|
%
|
|
$
|
101.14
|
|
|
$
|
66.89
|
|
|
|
11,250,000
|
|
|
|
92,975
|
|
Homewood Suites Dallas Market Center
|
|
Dallas, TX
|
|
|
1998
|
|
|
|
137
|
|
|
|
60.9
|
%
|
|
$
|
107.82
|
|
|
$
|
65.64
|
|
|
|
10,700,000
|
|
|
|
78,102
|
|
Homewood Suites Farmington
|
|
Farmington (Hartford), CT
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
|
121
|
|
|
|
68.0
|
%
|
|
$
|
118.64
|
|
|
$
|
80.71
|
|
|
|
11,500,000
|
|
|
|
95,041
|
|
Homewood Suites Maitland
|
|
Maitland (Orlando), FL
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
|
143
|
|
|
|
65.1
|
%
|
|
$
|
101.89
|
|
|
$
|
66.33
|
|
|
|
9,500,000
|
|
|
|
66,434
|
|
Total Portfolio
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
813
|
|
|
|
67.2
|
%
|
|
$
|
108.59
|
|
|
$
|
72.93
|
|
|
$
|
73,500,000
|
|
|
$
|
90,406
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
Total portfolio operating statistics
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
($ in thousands, except ADR and RevPAR data)
|
|
|
Total Revenue
|
|
$
|
16,601
|
|
|
$
|
19,342
|
|
|
$
|
24,964
|
|
|
$
|
24,939
|
|
|
$
|
23,360
|
|
Total Property
EBITDA(1)
|
|
$
|
5,283
|
|
|
$
|
6,683
|
|
|
$
|
8,222
|
|
|
$
|
8,445
|
|
|
$
|
7,527
|
|
Occupancy
|
|
|
67.2
|
%
|
|
|
74.9
|
%
|
|
|
72.8
|
%
|
|
|
75.8
|
%
|
|
|
74.4
|
%
|
ADR(2)
|
|
$
|
108.59
|
|
|
$
|
111.95
|
|
|
$
|
111.27
|
|
|
$
|
106.97
|
|
|
$
|
101.90
|
|
RevPAR(3)
|
|
$
|
72.93
|
|
|
$
|
83.84
|
|
|
$
|
81.01
|
|
|
$
|
81.13
|
|
|
$
|
75.84
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Total property EBITDA is defined as net income (loss)
(calculated in accordance with GAAP) before interest, taxes,
depreciation and amortization and is presented here based on
historical financial information for the six initial acquisition
hotels only prior to their acquisition by us. We believe that
the presentation of historical EBITDA for the initial
acquisition hotels provides useful supplemental information to
investors regarding the financial condition of the hotels.
EBITDA is also a factor in our evaluation of hotel-level
operating performance and is one measure in determining the
value of acquisitions. However, EBITDA should not be considered
as an alternative to net income, net cash provided by operating
activities or any other financial and operating performance
measure prescribed by GAAP. and should only be used in
accordance with GAAP measures. EBITDA is reconciled with net
income (loss) determined in accordance with GAAP in the schedule
below. |
47
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
($ in thousands)
|
|
|
Net Income
|
|
$
|
644
|
|
|
$
|
2,082
|
|
|
$
|
2,069
|
|
|
$
|
2,404
|
|
|
$
|
1,652
|
|
Interest Expense
|
|
|
2,683
|
|
|
|
2,758
|
|
|
|
3,672
|
|
|
|
3,747
|
|
|
|
3,825
|
|
Income Tax Expense
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
1,956
|
|
|
|
1,843
|
|
|
|
2,481
|
|
|
|
2,294
|
|
|
|
2,050
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Property EBITDA
|
|
$
|
5,283
|
|
|
$
|
6,683
|
|
|
$
|
8,222
|
|
|
$
|
8,445
|
|
|
$
|
7,527
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total property EBITDA does not reflect any corporate general and
administrative expense. See Pro forma financial
information of Chatham Lodging Trust. |
|
|
|
(2) |
|
ADR represents average daily rate. |
|
|
|
(3) |
|
RevPAR represents revenue per available room, calculated as
total revenue divided by available room nights. |
Homewood Suites
Billerica
The 147-room Homewood Suites Billerica is centrally located
in Bostons high-tech corridor within minutes from Routes 3
and 128 and I-495, the main thoroughfares for Northeast
Massachusetts technology based businesses. The hotel
offers easy access to the areas businesses and cultural
attractions and is only a short drive to numerous corporate
headquarters and downtown Boston. Primary demand generators
include the many high technology companies located in the area,
Hanscom Air Force Base, the University of Massachusetts
Billerica and the Lahey Clinic.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
($ in thousands, except ADR and RevPAR data)
|
|
|
Total Revenue
|
|
$
|
2,872
|
|
|
$
|
3,459
|
|
|
$
|
4,476
|
|
|
$
|
4,387
|
|
|
$
|
4,097
|
|
Occupancy
|
|
|
61.9
|
%
|
|
|
68.4
|
%
|
|
|
66.7
|
%
|
|
|
70.7
|
%
|
|
|
73.1
|
%
|
ADR
|
|
$
|
112.45
|
|
|
$
|
120.89
|
|
|
$
|
120.48
|
|
|
$
|
112.54
|
|
|
$
|
101.55
|
|
RevPAR
|
|
$
|
69.63
|
|
|
$
|
82.71
|
|
|
$
|
80.31
|
|
|
$
|
79.52
|
|
|
$
|
74.18
|
|
Homewood Suites
Bloomington
The 144-room Homewood Suites Bloomington is located in
Bloomington, Minnesota directly across the street from the Mall
of America, the largest indoor shopping complex in the
U.S. The hotel is located three miles from the
Minneapolis/St. Paul International Airport and offers easy
access to downtown Minneapolis, the Metrodome and Como Park Zoo
and Conservatory. Primary demand generators include the Mall of
America, which has approximately 40 million annual
visitors, the Minneapolis/St. Paul International Airport, and
several publicly traded Fortune 1000 companies
headquartered in the city of Bloomington, including Toro,
Donaldson Corporation and Ceridian Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
($ in thousands, except ADR and RevPAR data)
|
|
|
Total Revenue
|
|
$
|
3,589
|
|
|
$
|
3,995
|
|
|
$
|
5,200
|
|
|
$
|
4,961
|
|
|
$
|
4,795
|
|
Occupancy
|
|
|
80.6
|
%
|
|
|
80.5
|
%
|
|
|
80.5
|
%
|
|
|
82.3
|
%
|
|
|
81.3
|
%
|
ADR
|
|
$
|
109.52
|
|
|
$
|
121.33
|
|
|
$
|
117.63
|
|
|
$
|
110.67
|
|
|
$
|
107.77
|
|
RevPAR
|
|
$
|
88.32
|
|
|
$
|
97.70
|
|
|
$
|
94.65
|
|
|
$
|
91.10
|
|
|
$
|
87.61
|
|
48
Homewood Suites
Brentwood
The 121-room Homewood Suites Brentwood is located in
Maryland Farms, Nashvilles largest office park, and is
approximately nine miles south of downtown Nashville. Primary
demand generators include AT&T, Gulfstream Aircraft, IASIS
Healthcare and other Fortune 500 companies located in and
proximate to the Maryland Farms office park, the Nashville
Convention Center and tourist attractions in the Nashville area,
including the Grand Ole Opry.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
($ in thousands, except ADR and RevPAR data)
|
|
|
Total Revenue
|
|
$
|
2,258
|
|
|
$
|
2,692
|
|
|
$
|
3,450
|
|
|
$
|
3,520
|
|
|
$
|
3,054
|
|
Occupancy
|
|
|
66.1
|
%
|
|
|
75.6
|
%
|
|
|
72.6
|
%
|
|
|
79.2
|
%
|
|
|
77.4
|
%
|
ADR
|
|
$
|
101.14
|
|
|
$
|
103.90
|
|
|
$
|
103.96
|
|
|
$
|
96.71
|
|
|
$
|
85.94
|
|
RevPAR
|
|
$
|
66.89
|
|
|
$
|
78.57
|
|
|
$
|
75.50
|
|
|
$
|
76.58
|
|
|
$
|
66.56
|
|
Homewood Suites
Dallas Market Center
The 137-room Homewood Suites Dallas Market Center is
located across the Stemmons Freeway from the Dallas Market
Center, which is the worlds largest wholesale merchandise
mart and is visited by approximately 400,000 retail buyers each
year. Additional demand is generated from the Dallas Convention
Center, only three miles from the hotel, as well as from
Methodist Hospital, FDIC,
7-11,
Southwest Airlines, AT&T, Comerica and many other corporate
and medical businesses in the area.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
($ in thousands, except ADR and RevPAR data)
|
|
|
Total Revenue
|
|
$
|
2,514
|
|
|
$
|
2,900
|
|
|
$
|
3,718
|
|
|
$
|
3,793
|
|
|
$
|
3,455
|
|
Occupancy
|
|
|
60.9
|
%
|
|
|
76.9
|
%
|
|
|
73.2
|
%
|
|
|
73.7
|
%
|
|
|
71.2
|
%
|
ADR
|
|
$
|
107.82
|
|
|
$
|
97.27
|
|
|
$
|
98.27
|
|
|
$
|
98.91
|
|
|
$
|
93.60
|
|
RevPAR
|
|
$
|
65.64
|
|
|
$
|
74.82
|
|
|
$
|
71.89
|
|
|
$
|
72.94
|
|
|
$
|
66.65
|
|
Homewood Suites
Farmington
The 121-room Homewood Suites Farmington is located in
Connecticuts Farmington Valley off of I-84 and is eight
miles from downtown Hartford. Primary demand generators include
the University of Connecticut Health Center, a major research
hospital located less than 0.25 miles from the hotel,
businesses in an office park located approximately two miles
from the hotel, including corporate headquarters for Otis
Elevators and Carrier Corporation, Stanley and CSC and the
Hill-Stead museum, as well as numerous companies and attractions
located in downtown Hartford.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
($ in thousands, except ADR and RevPAR data)
|
|
|
Total Revenue
|
|
$
|
2,730
|
|
|
$
|
3,229
|
|
|
$
|
4,232
|
|
|
$
|
4,111
|
|
|
$
|
3,837
|
|
Occupancy
|
|
|
68.0
|
%
|
|
|
77.0
|
%
|
|
|
75.6
|
%
|
|
|
75.6
|
%
|
|
|
71.1
|
%
|
ADR
|
|
$
|
118.64
|
|
|
$
|
120.86
|
|
|
$
|
121.18
|
|
|
$
|
118.33
|
|
|
$
|
117.32
|
|
RevPAR
|
|
$
|
80.71
|
|
|
$
|
93.06
|
|
|
$
|
91.60
|
|
|
$
|
89.49
|
|
|
$
|
83.43
|
|
Homewood Suites
Maitland
The 143-room Homewood Suites Maitland is located in the
heart of the Maitland Business Center, one of the largest office
parks in the Orlando area, approximately six miles north of
downtown
49
Orlando. The hotel offers convenient access to attractions at
Lake Lucien and is a short driving distance from Walt Disney
World, Universal Studios and numerous championship golf courses.
Maitland and the surrounding area are also home to a number of
high technology firms and corporate training centers for Lucent,
Avaya, New Horizons, Northrop Grumman, Darden Restaurants, CAN,
Fidelity and Federal Express, as well as government employers.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
($ in thousands, except ADR and RevPAR data)
|
|
|
Total Revenue
|
|
$
|
2,638
|
|
|
$
|
3,067
|
|
|
$
|
3,888
|
|
|
$
|
4,167
|
|
|
$
|
4,122
|
|
Occupancy
|
|
|
65.1
|
%
|
|
|
71.5
|
%
|
|
|
68.9
|
%
|
|
|
74.0
|
%
|
|
|
72.3
|
%
|
ADR
|
|
$
|
101.89
|
|
|
$
|
106.71
|
|
|
$
|
105.16
|
|
|
$
|
104.52
|
|
|
$
|
105.08
|
|
RevPAR
|
|
$
|
66.33
|
|
|
$
|
76.32
|
|
|
$
|
72.43
|
|
|
$
|
77.34
|
|
|
$
|
75.93
|
|
The following is a summary of the terms of agreements we expect
to enter into in connection with our purchase of the initial
acquisition hotels.
Initial
Acquisition Hotels Management Agreements
Upon completion of our purchase of the initial acquisition
hotels following completion of the offering and concurrent
private placement, we expect our TRS lessees will assume each of
the existing hotel management agreements for the hotels with
Promus Hotels, Inc., a subsidiary of Hilton, as manager of the
hotels. Each of these hotel management agreements became
effective on December 20, 2000, has an initial term of
15 years and may be renewed for an additional five-year
period at the managers option by written notice to us no
later than 120 days prior to the expiration of the initial
term.
Under the current hotel management agreements in place for each
of the initial acquisition hotels, the manager receives a base
management fee equal to 2% of the hotels gross room
revenue and, if certain financial thresholds are met or
exceeded, an incentive management fee equal to 10% of the
hotels net operating income, less fixed costs, base
management fees, agreed-upon return on the owners original
investment and debt service payments. In addition to the
management fee, a franchise royalty fee equal to 4% of the
hotels gross room revenue and program fees equal to 4% of
the hotels gross room revenue are also payable to Hilton.
See Initial Acquisition Hotels Franchise Agreements.
Subject to the following exceptions, the hotel management
agreements covering the initial acquisition hotels generally are
non-terminable by the owner or the manager.
Early Termination: Subject to certain
limitations, the hotel management agreements are generally
terminable upon (i) casualty or condemnation of the hotel
or (ii) the occurrence of certain events of default. If an
event of default occurs and continues beyond the grace period
set forth in the hotel management agreement, the non-defaulting
party generally has, among other remedies, the option of
terminating the applicable hotel management agreement upon
notice to the other party. Beginning on the third anniversary of
the closing of our purchase of the initial acquisition hotels,
we may terminate the management agreements upon six months
notice to the manager.
Performance Termination: All of the hotel
management agreements are generally terminable by the owner
earlier than the stated term, subject to certain limitations, as
a result of the failure of the hotel to meet certain market and
financial performance thresholds over a period of two
consecutive years. In the event a performance termination is
issued, the manager may avoid termination of the agreement by
making a cure payment to the owner.
Sale or Lease of a Hotel: Upon a change of
control, the manager has the right to terminate the management
agreement if the new owner does not receive a Homewood Suites
License
50
Agreement for the operation of the hotel. Upon a change of
control, the owner may terminate the management agreement with a
termination payment to the manager calculated as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
if the change in control occurs in years 1 to 7 of the term of
the agreement, the discounted present value of management fees
the manager would have received through the remaining term of
the agreement;
|
|
|
|
|
|
if the change in control occurs in year 8, 200% of management
fee earned over the prior 12 months;
|
|
|
|
|
|
if the change in control occurs in year 9 to 10, 100% of
management fee earned over the past 12 months; and
|
|
|
|
|
|
if the change in control occurs in year 11 and thereafter, no
termination fee.
|
Upon a change in control in which the new owner assumes the
existing management agreement and obtains a Homewood Suites
franchise agreement for the operation of the hotel, the owner
may terminate the management agreement without payment of any
termination fee to the manager.
Initial
Acquisition Hotels Franchise Agreements
Upon acquisition of the initial acquisition hotels following the
completion of this offering and concurrent private placement,
our TRS lessees will enter into new hotel franchise agreements
with Promus Hotels, Inc., a subsidiary of Hilton Hotels
Corporation, as manager for the initial acquisition hotels. Each
of the new hotel franchise agreements will have an initial term
of 15 years.
The hotel franchise agreements for each of the initial
acquisition hotels provide for a franchise royalty fee equal to
4% of the hotels gross room revenue and a program fee
equal to 4% of the hotels gross room revenue.
The franchise agreements generally have no termination rights
unless the franchisee fails to cure an event of default in
accordance with the franchise agreements.
Our TRS
Leases
In order for us to qualify as a REIT, we cannot operate the
hotels we own. Our operating partnership, or subsidiaries of our
operating partnership, as lessors, will lease our hotels to our
TRS lessees and our TRS lessees will assume or enter into hotel
management agreements with third-party managers to manage the
hotels.
Financing
Strategies
We plan to maintain a prudent capital structure and intend to
limit our consolidated indebtedness to not more than 35% of our
investment in hotel properties at cost (defined as our initial
acquisition price plus the gross amount of any subsequent
capital investment and excluding any impairment charges). As a
result, we do not believe that a subsequent decrease in property
values will not require us to repay debt. Over time, we intend
to finance our growth with issuances of common and preferred
securities and debt. Our debt may include mortgage debt secured
by our hotel properties and unsecured debt. We plan to arrange
and utilize a revolving credit facility that we anticipate will
be in place following the investment of the net proceeds of this
offering. This facility, which we expect will be secured by
hotel properties we acquire and other assets, will be used for
general corporate purposes.
When purchasing hotel properties, we may issue limited
partnership interests in our operating partnership as full or
partial consideration to sellers who may desire to take
advantage of tax deferral on the sale of a hotel or participate
in the potential appreciation in value of our common shares.
51
Competition
We face competition for the acquisition and investment in hotel
properties from institutional pension funds, private equity
investors, REITs, hotel companies and others who are engaged in
the acquisition of hotels. Some of these entities have
substantially greater financial and operational resources than
we have. This competition may increase the bargaining power of
property owners seeking to sell, reduce the number of suitable
investment opportunities available to us and increase the cost
of acquiring our targeted hotel properties.
The lodging industry is highly competitive. The hotels we
acquire will compete with other hotels for guests in each market
in which our hotels will operate. Competitive advantage is based
on a number of factors, including location, convenience, brand
affiliation, room rates, range of services and guest amenities
or accommodations offered and quality of customer service.
Competition will often be specific to the individual markets in
which our hotels will be located and includes competition from
existing and new hotels. Competition could adversely affect our
occupancy rates and RevPAR, and may require us to provide
additional amenities or make capital improvements that we
otherwise would not have to make, which may reduce our
profitability.
Legal
Proceedings
We are not currently involved in any material litigation nor, to
our knowledge, is any material litigation pending or threatened
against us.
52
MANAGEMENT
Trustees and
Executive Officers
Currently our board of trustees consists of one trustee,
Mr. Fisher. Upon completion of the offering, our board of
trustees will consist of seven trustees, each of whom has agreed
to serve as a trustee upon completion of the offering. Our board
of trustees will be elected annually by our shareholders in
accordance with our bylaws. Our bylaws provide that a majority
of the entire board of trustees may establish, increase or
decrease the number of trustees, provided that the number of
trustees shall never be less than one nor more than fifteen. All
of our executive officers will serve at the discretion of our
board of trustees. Our board of trustees will determine whether
our trustees satisfy the New York Stock Exchanges, or
NYSEs, independence standards.
The following table sets forth the names and ages of our
executive officers, trustee and each person who has agreed to
become a trustee upon completion of the offering and the
descriptions below set forth information about each such person.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name
|
|
Age
|
|
Position
|
|
Jeffrey H. Fisher
|
|
|
54
|
|
|
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
|
Peter Willis
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
Executive Vice President and Chief Investment Officer
|
Miles Berger*
|
|
|
79
|
|
|
Trustee
|
Thomas J. Crocker*
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
Trustee
|
Jack P. DeBoer*
|
|
|
78
|
|
|
Trustee
|
C. Gerald Goldsmith*
|
|
|
81
|
|
|
Trustee
|
Rolf E. Ruhfus*
|
|
|
65
|
|
|
Trustee
|
Joel F. Zemans*
|
|
|
68
|
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Has agreed to become a trustee upon completion of this offering. |
Jeffrey H.
Fisher Chairman, President & Chief
Executive Officer
Mr. Fisher is our chairman of the board, chief executive
officer and president. Mr. Fisher is also the chairman,
president and majority shareholder of IHM, a firm he founded in
2007 that currently manages 77 third-party hotels. From 1994 to
2007, Mr. Fisher was chairman, chief executive officer and
president of Innkeepers USA Trust, a lodging REIT he founded and
took public in 1994 and was also chairman and majority
shareholder of Innkeepers Hospitality, a privately owned hotel
management company. Mr. Fisher grew Innkeepers
portfolio from seven hotels at the time of its initial public
offering to 74 hotels at the time of its sale. In June of 2007,
Innkeepers was sold to an institutional investor at a total
enterprise value of $1.5 billion. Between 1986 and 1994, he
served as President and Chief Executive Officer of JF Hotel
Management, Inc.
Mr. Fisher received a Bachelor of Science degree in
Business Administration from Syracuse University in 1977, a
Doctor of Jurisprudence degree from Nova Southeastern University
in 1980, and a Masters of Law in Taxation from the University of
Miami in 1981. He is a licensed attorney and practiced at
Jones & Foster P.A. and Jeffrey H. Fisher P.A. for a
total of five years prior to starting his career in the
hospitality industry. Additionally, Mr. Fisher currently
serves as a Board Member of Marriotts The Residence Inn
Association (TRIA).
Peter
Willis Executive Vice President & Chief
Investment Officer
Mr. Willis is our Executive Vice President &
Chief Investment Officer. Mr. Willis has over 20 years
of hotel acquisition experience. From 2001 to 2006, he served as
Vice President of Acquisitions & Business Development
for Innkeepers and oversaw over $500 million of investments
in 18 hotels. From June 2006 to January 2009, Mr. Willis
served as Senior Vice President at The Kor Group,
53
a privately held, fully integrated real estate investment firm
with a portfolio of over $2 billion in upscale hotel and
resort investments, where he focused on U.S. and Caribbean
acquisitions and third-party management contracts. While
evaluating, negotiating and underwriting specific hotel
investments and obtaining and negotiating management contract
prospects, Mr. Willis also supported strategic acquisition
and corporate planning efforts.
Mr. Willis also held positions with an industry-leading
firm supporting the opening of luxury hotels. Establishing the
organizations first international operation in the
Asia/Pacific region in 1994, he directed the repositioning and
opening of properties throughout the region and in the United
States. By 2001, Mr. Willis led overall strategic planning,
business development and investor relations, as well as
integrating acquisitions among the firms operating
entities. Mr. Willis began as an analyst and asset manager
of hotel, residential and commercial properties for Japanese
investment firm JDC America in Tokyo and in the United States.
Mr. Willis received a Bachelor of Science in Business
Administration from the University of Florida in 1989 and has
completed professional programs at Cornell Universitys
Hotel School and Obirin University in Tokyo.
We expect to hire a chief financial officer prior to completion
of this offering.
In addition to Mr. Fisher, the following persons have
agreed to become trustees upon completion of this offering:
Miles
Berger
Mr. Berger has been engaged in real estate, banking and
financial services since 1950. In 1998, Mr. Berger became
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Berger Management
Services LLC, a real estate and financial consulting and
advisory services company. From 1969 to 1998, he served as Vice
Chairman of the Board of Heitman Financial Ltd., a real estate
investment management firm. Mr. Berger served for more than
thirty years, until 2001, as Chairman of the Board of MidTown
Bank and Trust Company of Chicago, served as Vice Chairman
of Columbia National Bank Corp. from
1965-1995
and was Chairman of the Board of Berger Financial Services, a
full-service real estate advisory and financial services company
from 1950 to 2006. Mr. Berger also serves on the Board of
Directors of Medallion Bank and serves as Trustee for Universal
Health Trust and is on the boards of numerous philanthropic
organizations. Mr. Berger previously served on the Board of
Trustees of Innkeepers from September 1994 until
Innkeepers sale in June 2007.
Thomas J.
Crocker
Mr. Crocker is Chief Executive Officer and principal
investor of Crocker Partners, LLC, a privately-held real estate
investment company, which is the general partner of a real
estate private equity fund, Crocker Partners IV, L.P.
Mr. Crocker was previously the Chief Executive Officer of
CRT Properties, Inc. (formerly known as Koger Equity, Inc.),
until its sale in September 2005. CRT Properties, Inc. was a
publicly-held real estate investment trust, which owned or had
interests in more than 137 office buildings, containing
11.7 million rentable square feet, primarily located in 25
suburban and urban office projects in 12 metropolitan areas in
the Southeastern United States, Maryland and Texas. Prior to
joining Koger Equity, Inc. in March 2000, Mr. Crocker was
Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of Crocker
Realty Trust, Inc., a privately-held REIT, which owned and
operated approximately 6.2 million square feet in 133
office buildings located in six states in the Southeast, plus
more than 125 acres of developable land. Previously,
Mr. Crocker was Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive
Officer of Crocker Realty Trust, Inc., which was an office-based
publicly-held REIT in the southeast U.S., from that
companys inception until June 1996, when it merged with
Highwoods Properties, a publicly-held REIT. Prior to forming
Crocker Realty Trust, Inc., Mr. Crocker headed
Crocker & Co., a privately-held firm responsible for
development, leasing and property management services to
approximately 1.7 million square feet of commercial
property and 272 residential units. Prior
54
to 1984, Mr. Crocker was a real estate lending officer at
Chemical Bank. Mr. Crocker previously served on the Board
Trustees of Innkeepers from February 1997 until Innkeepers
sale in June 2007.
Jack P.
DeBoer
Mr. DeBoer is Chairman of Consolidated Holdings, Inc., a
private investment company focusing on real estate development
and management. Mr. DeBoer is also the Chairman of the
Board and majority owner of Value Place LLC, owner of the
franchise rights to the Value Place brand of hotels, which
provides affordable extended-stay lodging. Mr. DeBoer
served as Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive
Officer of Candlewood Hotel Company, Inc. from its inception in
1995 until it was acquired in December 2003. From October 1993
to September 1995, Mr. DeBoer was self-employed and engaged
in the development of the Candlewood extended-stay hotel
concept. From 1988 to 1993, Mr. DeBoer co-founded and
developed Summerfield Hotel Corporation, an upscale
extended-stay hotel chain. Previously, Mr. DeBoer founded
and developed the Residence Inn franchise prior to selling the
franchise to Marriott in 1987. Mr. DeBoer previously served
on the Board of Trustees of Innkeepers from November 1996 until
Innkeepers sale in June 2007.
C. Gerald
Goldsmith
Mr. Goldsmith has been an independent investor and
financial advisor since 1976. He is currently Chairman of the
Board of First Bank of the Palm Beaches, a community bank in
Palm Beach County, Florida, and Chairman of Property Corp.
International, a private real estate investment company. He has
served as a director of several banks and NYSE-listed companies
and various philanthropic organizations. He holds an A.B. from
the University of Michigan and an M.B.A. from Harvard Business
School. Mr. Goldsmith previously served on the Board of
Trustees of Innkeepers from September 1994 until
Innkeepers sale in June 2007.
Rolf E.
Ruhfus
Mr. Ruhfus is Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of
LodgeWorks Corporation, a hotel development and management
company, which owns the Hotel Sierra and AVIA hotel brands.
Mr. Ruhfus also serves as Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer of Wichita Consulting Company, L.P., a consulting
services company. Previously, Mr. Ruhfus served as the
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Summerfield Hotel
Corporation, an upscale extended-stay hotel chain, from its
founding in 1988 until its sale to Wyndham International, Inc.
in 1998. Mr. Ruhfus served as President of the Residence
Inn Company from February 1983 though July 1987 (when it was
acquired by Marriott International, Inc.). Mr. Ruhfus
joined the Residence Inn Company after spending four years as
Director of Marketing for VARTA Battery, Europes largest
battery manufacturer. Prior to this position, he was a
management consultant for McKinsey and Company in its
Dusseldorf, Germany office. Mr. Ruhfus was a German Air
Force Lieutenant and received a bachelors degree from
Western Michigan University in 1968. His graduate degrees
include an M.B.A. from the Wharton School at the University of
Pennsylvania in 1971 and a Ph.D. in marketing from the
University of Meunster in 1974. Mr. Ruhfus is a member of
the international chapter of The Young Presidents Organization
and serves on the board of several European companies.
Mr. Ruhfus previously served on the Board of Trustees of
Innkeepers from July 1997 until Innkeepers sale in June
2007.
Joel F.
Zemans
Mr. Zemans has been active in the ownership and operation
of real estate and banks since 1969. From 1971 through 1976, he
served as Executive Vice President (and through 1984 as a
Director) of Chicago Properties Corporation, a real estate
development company specializing in the rehabilitation of
multi-unit
residential properties in Chicago. Between 1976 and 1991,
Mr. Zemans served as President and Chief Executive Officer
of de novo Mid Town Bancorp, Inc. and its subsidiary, Mid Town
Bank and Trust Company of Chicago, and as Chairman and
Chief Executive Officer of two wholly-owned subsidiaries, Mid
Town Development Corporation and Equitable Finance Corporation.
He currently
55
serves as a consultant to businesses and individuals for real
estate financing, investing and strategic planning.
Mr. Zemans also serves on the Board of Directors of Bright
Electric Supply and MBA Building Supplies, and he provides
pro-bono consulting to a number of
not-for-profit
organizations. Mr. Zemans holds both a B.A. and an M.B.A.
from the University of Chicago. Mr. Zemans previously
served on the Board of Trustees of Innkeepers from November 2001
until Innkeepers sale in June 2007.
Board
Committees
Upon completion of this offering, our board of trustees will
appoint an Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and a
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, and will adopt
charters for each of these committees. Under these charters, the
composition of each committee will be required to comply with
the listing standards and other rules and regulations of the
NYSE, as amended or modified from time to time. Initially, each
of these committees will have three trustees and will be
composed exclusively of independent trustees, as defined by the
listing standards of the NYSE then in effect.
Audit
Committee
Our board of trustees will establish an Audit Committee, which
will consist
of , and .
The Audit Committee will make recommendations concerning the
engagement of independent public accountants, review with the
independent public accountants the plans and results of the
audit engagement, approve professional services provided by the
independent public accountants, review the independence of the
independent public accountants, consider the range of audit and
non-audit fees and review the adequacy of our internal
accounting controls.
Mr. ,
an independent trustee, will chair our Audit Committee and will
be our audit committee financial expert as that term is defined
by the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC.
Compensation
Committee
Our board of trustees will establish a Compensation Committee,
which will consist
of and .
The Compensation Committee will determine compensation for our
executive officers, administer our share plan, produce an annual
report on executive compensation for inclusion in our annual
meeting proxy statement and publish an annual committee report
for our shareholders. All members of our Compensation Committee
are expected to be independent under the applicable rules and
regulations of the SEC, the NYSE and the Code.
Nominating and
Corporate Governance Committee
Our board of trustees will establish a Nominating and Corporate
Governance Committee, which will consist
of
and .
The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will be
responsible for seeking, considering and recommending to the
board qualified candidates for election as trustees and
recommending a slate of nominees for election as trustees at the
annual meeting. It also will periodically prepare and submit to
the board for adoption the committees selection criteria
for trustee nominees. It will review and make recommendations on
matters involving general operation of the board and our
corporate governance, and it annually recommends to the board
nominees for each committee of the board. In addition, the
committee will annually facilitate the assessment of the board
of trustees performance as a whole and of the committees
and individual trustees and reports thereon to the board.
Code of
Ethics
Upon completion of the offering, we will have adopted a
corporate code of ethics relating to the conduct of our business
by our employees, officers and trustees. We intend to maintain
the highest standards of ethical business practices and
compliance with all laws and regulations applicable to our
business, including those relating to doing business outside the
U.S. Specifically, our code of ethics
56
prohibits payments, directly or indirectly, to any foreign
official seeking to influence such official or otherwise obtain
an improper advantage for our business.
Compensation
Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
None of the trustees expected to serve on our Compensation
Committee is one of our officers or employees. No member of our
board of trustees and no trustee expected to serve on our
Compensation Committee serves as a member of the board of
trustees (or board of directors) or Compensation Committee of
any entity that has one or more executive officers serving as a
trustees of our board of trustees.
Indemnification
of Trustees and Executive Officers and Limitations on
Liability
For information concerning limitations of liability and
indemnification applicable to our trustees, executive officers
and, in certain circumstances, employees, see Certain
Provisions of Maryland Law and of Our Declaration of Trust and
Bylaws located elsewhere in this prospectus.
Trustee
Compensation
Each of our independent trustees who does not serve as the
chairman of one of our committees will be paid a trustees
fee of $ per year. Each trustee
who serves as a committee chairman, other than our Audit
Committee chairman, will be paid a trustees fee of
$ . The trustee who serves as our
Audit Committee chairman will be paid a trustees fee of
$ . Trustees fees will be
paid one-half in cash and one-half in our common shares although
each trustee may elect to receive up to all of his trustee fees
in the form of our common shares. Trustees who are employees
will receive no additional compensation as trustees. In
addition, we will reimburse all trustees for reasonable
out-of-pocket
expenses incurred in connection with their services on the board
of trustees.
Each of our trustees who is not an employee will receive an
initial grant
of restricted
common shares concurrent with completion of this offering.
57
COMPENSATION
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
We expect to pay base salaries and annual bonuses and make
grants of awards under our Equity Incentive Plan to certain of
our officers, effective upon completion of the offering. The
initial awards under our Equity Incentive Plan will be granted
to provide performance and retention incentives to these
individuals and to recognize such individuals efforts on
our behalf in connection with our formation and this offering.
Our board of trustees and our Compensation Committee have not
yet adopted compensation policies with respect to, among other
things, setting base salaries, awarding bonuses or making future
grants of equity awards to our executive officers. We anticipate
that such determinations will be made by our Compensation
Committee based on factors such as the desire to retain such
officers services over the long-term, aligning such
officers interest with those of our shareholders,
incentivizing such officer over the near-, medium- and
long-term, and rewarding such officer for exceptional
performance. In addition, our Compensation Committee may
determine to make awards to new executive officers to help
attract them to our company.
Executive
Compensation
Set forth below are the initial annual cash compensation and
equity awards to be granted to our President and Chief Executive
Officer and our other most highly compensated executive officer
commencing upon completion of this offering:
Summary
Compensation Table
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Change in Pension
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Value and
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Non-Equity
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Nonqualified Deferred
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Name and
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Share
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Option
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Incentive Plan
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Compensation
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All Other
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principal position
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Year
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Base Salary
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Bonus
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Awards
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Awards
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Compensation
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Earnings
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Compensation
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Total
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$
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$
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Jeffrey H. Fisher
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Peter Willis
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Equity Incentive
Plan
Upon the completion of this offering, our board of trustees will
have adopted, and our sole shareholder will have approved, our
Equity Incentive Plan to attract and retain independent
trustees, executive officers and other key employees and service
providers, including officers and employees of our affiliates.
The Equity Incentive Plan provides for the grant of options to
purchase common shares, share awards, share appreciation rights,
performance units and other equity-based awards.
Administration
of the Equity Incentive Plan
The Equity Incentive Plan will be administered by our
Compensation Committee and the Compensation Committee will
approve all terms of awards under the Equity Incentive Plan. Our
Compensation Committee will also approve who will receive grants
under the Equity Incentive Plan and the number of common shares
subject to the grant.
Eligibility
All of our employees and employees of our subsidiaries and
affiliates, including our operating partnership, are eligible to
receive grants under the Equity Incentive Plan. In addition, our
independent trustees and consultants and advisors who perform
services for us and our subsidiaries and affiliates may receive
grants under the Equity Incentive Plan.
Share
Authorization
The number of common shares that may be issued under the Equity
Incentive Plan will be equal to %
of the aggregate number of our common shares outstanding
immediately following completion of this offering, which will
include any shares issued pursuant to exercise of the
underwriters overallotment option.
58
In connection with share splits, dividends, recapitalizations
and certain other events, our board will make adjustments that
it deems appropriate in the aggregate number of common shares
that may be issued under the Equity Incentive Plan and the terms
of outstanding awards.
If any options or share appreciation rights terminate, expire or
are canceled, forfeited, exchanged or surrendered without having
been exercised or paid or if any share awards, performance units
or other equity-based awards are forfeited, the common shares
subject to such awards will again be available for purposes of
the Equity Incentive Plan.
No awards under the Equity Incentive Plan were outstanding prior
to completion of this offering. The initial grants described
above will become effective upon completion of this offering.
Options
The Equity Incentive Plan authorizes our Compensation Committee
to grant incentive stock options (under Section 422 of the
Code) and options that do not qualify as incentive share
options. The exercise price of each option will be determined by
the Compensation Committee, provided that the price cannot be
less than 100% of the fair market value of the common shares on
the date on which the option is granted (or 110% of the
shares fair market value on the grant date in the case of
an incentive share option to an individual who is a ten
percent shareholder under Sections 422 and 424 of the
Code). The exercise price for any option is generally payable
(i) in cash, (ii) by certified check, (iii) by
the surrender of common shares (or attestation of ownership of
common shares) with an aggregate fair market value on the date
on which the option is exercised, of the exercise price, or
(iv) by payment through a broker in accordance with
procedures established by the Federal Reserve Board. The term of
an option cannot exceed ten years from the date of grant (or
five years in the case of an incentive share option granted to a
ten percent shareholder).
Share
Awards
The Equity Incentive Plan also provides for the grant of share
awards. A share award is an award of common shares that may be
subject to restrictions on transferability and other
restrictions as our Compensation Committee determines in its
sole discretion on the date of grant. The restrictions, if any,
may lapse over a specified period of time or through the
satisfaction of conditions, in installments or otherwise, as our
Compensation Committee may determine. A participant who receives
a share award will have all of the rights of a shareholder as to
those shares, including, without limitation, the right to vote
and the right to receive dividends or distributions on the
shares. During the period, if any, when share awards are
non-transferable or forfeitable, (i) a participant is
prohibited from selling, transferring, pledging, exchanging,
hypothecating or otherwise disposing of his or her share award
shares, (ii) the company will retain custody of the
certificates and (iii) a participant must deliver a share
power to the company for each share award.
Upon completion of this offering, we will issue an aggregate
of
common shares to persons who will become trustees upon
completion of this offering. These grants to trustees will vest
ratably over the first three anniversaries of the date of grant.
Share
Appreciation Rights
The Equity Incentive Plan authorizes our Compensation Committee
to grant share appreciation rights that provide the recipient
with the right to receive, upon exercise of the share
appreciation right, cash, common shares or a combination of the
two. The amount that the recipient will receive upon exercise of
the share appreciation right generally will equal the excess of
the fair market value of the common shares on the date of
exercise over the shares fair market value on the date of
grant. Share appreciation rights will become exercisable in
accordance with terms determined by our Compensation Committee.
Share appreciation rights may be granted in tandem with an
option grant or independently from an option grant. The term of
a share appreciation right cannot exceed ten years from the date
of grant or five years in the case of a share appreciation right
granted in tandem with an incentive share option awarded to a
ten percent shareholder.
59
Performance
Units
The Equity Incentive Plan also authorizes our Compensation
Committee to grant performance units. Performance units
represent the participants right to receive an amount,
based on the value of the common shares, if performance goals
established by the Compensation Committee are met. Our
Compensation Committee will determine the applicable performance
period, the performance goals and such other conditions that
apply to the performance unit. Performance goals may relate to
our financial performance or the financial performance of our
operating partnership, the participants performance or
such other criteria determined by the Compensation Committee. If
the performance goals are met, performance units will be paid in
cash, our common shares or a combination thereof.
Other
Equity-Based Awards
Our Compensation Committee may grant other types of share-based
awards as equity-based awards under the Equity Incentive Plan,
including Long-Term Incentive Plan, or LTIP, units. Other
equity-based awards are payable in cash, our common shares or
other equity, or a combination thereof, determined by the
Compensation Committee. The terms and conditions of other
equity-based awards are determined by the Compensation Committee.
LTIP units are a special class of partnership interests in our
operating partnership. Each LTIP unit awarded will be deemed
equivalent to an award of one common share under the Equity
Incentive Plan, reducing availability for other equity awards on
a
one-for-one
basis. We will not receive a tax deduction for the value of any
LTIP units granted to our employees. The vesting period for any
LTIP units, if any, will be determined at the time of issuance.
LTIP units, whether vested or not, will receive the same
quarterly per unit profit distributions as units of our
operating partnership, which profit distribution will generally
equal per share dividends on our common shares. This treatment
with respect to quarterly distributions is similar to the
expected treatment of our restricted share awards, which will
generally receive full dividends whether vested or not.
Initially, LTIP units will not have full parity with operating
partnership units with respect to liquidating distributions.
Under the terms of the LTIP units, our operating partnership
will revalue its assets upon the occurrence of certain specified
events, and any increase in valuation from the time of grant
until such event will be allocated first to the holders of LTIP
units to equalize the capital accounts of such holders with the
capital accounts of operating partnership unit holders. Upon
equalization of the capital accounts of the holders of LTIP
units with the other holders of operating partnership units, the
LTIP units will achieve full parity with operating partnership
units for all purposes, including with respect to liquidating
distributions. If such parity is reached, vested LTIP units may
be converted into an equal number of operating partnership units
at any time, and thereafter enjoy all the rights of operating
partnership units, including exchange rights. However, there are
circumstances under which such parity would not be reached.
Until and unless such parity is reached, the value that an
executive officer will realize for a given number of vested LTIP
units will be less than the value of an equal number of our
common shares.
Upon completion of this offering, we will cause our operating
partnership to issue an aggregate of LTIP units to certain of
our officers. These LTIP units will vest ratably over the first
three anniversaries of the date of grant. See Our
Operating Partnership and the Partnership Agreement for a
further description of the rights of limited partners in our
operating partnership.
Dividend
Equivalents
Our Compensation Committee may grant dividend equivalents in
connection with the grant of options, share appreciation rights
and performance units. Dividend equivalents may be paid
currently or accrued as contingent cash obligations (in which
case they will be deemed to have been invested in common shares)
and may be payable in cash, common shares or a combination of
the two. Our Compensation Committee will determine the terms of
any dividend equivalents.
Change in
Control
If we experience a change in control, the Compensation Committee
may, at its discretion, provide that all outstanding options,
share appreciation rights, share awards, performance units, or
60
other equity based awards that are not exercised prior to the
change in control will be assumed by the surviving entity, or
will be replaced by a comparable substitute award of
substantially equal value granted by the surviving entity. The
Compensation Committee may also provide that (i) all
outstanding options and share appreciation rights will be fully
exercisable on the change in control, (ii) restrictions and
conditions on outstanding share awards will lapse upon the
change in control and (iii) performance units or
equity-based awards will become earned in their entirety. The
Compensation Committee may also provide that participants must
surrender their outstanding options and share appreciation
rights, share awards, performance units, and other equity based
awards in exchange for a payment, in cash or our common shares
or other securities or consideration received by shareholders in
the change in control transaction, equal to the value received
by shareholders in the change in control transaction (or, in the
case of options and share appreciation rights, the amount by
which that transaction value exceeds the exercise price).
In summary, a change of control under the Equity Incentive Plan
occurs if:
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a person, entity or affiliated group (with certain exceptions)
acquires, in a transaction or series of transactions, more than
50% of the total combined voting power of our outstanding
securities or common shares;
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we merge into another entity unless the holders of our voting
shares immediately prior to the merger have more than 50% of the
combined voting power of the securities in the merged entity or
its parent;
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we sell or dispose of all or substantially all of our assets;
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we are liquidated or dissolved; or
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during any period of two consecutive years individuals who, at
the beginning of such period, constitute our board of trustees
together with any new trustees (other than individuals who
become trustees in connection with certain transactions or
election contests) cease for any reason to constitute a majority
of our board of trustees.
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Amendment;
Termination
Our board of trustees may amend or terminate the Equity
Incentive Plan at any time, provided that no amendment may
adversely impair the benefits of participants with outstanding
awards. Our shareholders must approve any amendment if such
approval is required under applicable law or stock exchange
requirements. Our shareholders also must approve any amendment
that materially increases the benefits accruing to participants
under the Equity Incentive Plan, materially increases the
aggregate number of common shares that may be issued under the
Equity Incentive Plan or materially modifies the requirements as
to eligibility for participation in the Equity Incentive Plan.
Unless terminated sooner by our board of trustees or extended
with shareholder approval, the Equity Incentive Plan will
terminate on the day before the tenth anniversary of the date
our board of trustees adopted the Equity Incentive Plan.
401(k)
Plan
We may establish and maintain a retirement savings plan under
section 401(k) of the Code to cover our eligible employees.
The Code allows eligible employees to defer a portion of their
compensation, within prescribed limits, on a pre-tax basis
through contributions to the 401(k) plan. We may match
employees annual contributions, within prescribed limits.
61
INVESTMENT
POLICIES AND POLICIES WITH RESPECT TO CERTAIN
ACTIVITIES
The following is a discussion of our investment policies and our
policies with respect to certain other activities, including
financing matters and conflicts of interest. These policies may
be amended or revised from time to time at the discretion of our
board of trustees, without a vote of our shareholders. Any
change to any of these policies by our board of trustees,
however, would be made only after a thorough review and analysis
of that change, in light of then-existing business and other
circumstances, and then only if, in the exercise of its business
judgment, our board of trustees believes that it is advisable to
do so in our and our shareholders best interests. We
cannot assure you that our investment objectives will be
attained.
Investments in
Real Estate or Interests in Real Estate
We plan to invest principally in hotel properties. We have
entered into an agreement to acquire six hotels following
closing of this offering, although we have not yet identified
any other specific hotel properties to acquire or committed a
substantial portion of the net proceeds of this offering to any
other specific hotel property investment. Our senior executive
officers will identify and negotiate acquisition opportunities.
For information concerning the investing experience of these
individuals, please see the section entitled
Management.
We intend to conduct substantially all of our investment
activities through our operating partnership and its
subsidiaries. Our primary investment objectives are to enhance
shareholder value over time by generating strong returns on
invested capital, paying distributions to our shareholders and
achieving long-term appreciation in the value of our hotel
properties.
There are no limitations on the amount or percentage of our
total assets that may be invested in any one property.
Additionally, no limits have been set on the concentration of
investments in any one location or facility type.
Investments in
Securities of or Interests in Persons Primarily Engaged in Real
Estate Activities and Other Issuers
Generally speaking, we do not expect to engage in any
significant investment activities with other entities, although
we may consider joint venture investments with other investors.
We may also invest in the securities of other issuers in
connection with acquisitions of indirect interests in
properties. We may in the future acquire some, all or
substantially all of the securities or assets of other REITs or
similar entities where that investment would be consistent with
our investment policies and the REIT qualification requirements.
There are no limitations on the amount or percentage of our
total assets that may be invested in any one issuer, other than
those imposed by the gross income and asset tests that we must
satisfy to qualify as a REIT. However, we do not anticipate
investing in other issuers of securities for the purpose of
exercising control or acquiring any investments primarily for
sale in the ordinary course of business or holding any
investments with a view to making short-term profits from their
sale. In any event, we do not intend that our investments in
securities will require us to register as an investment
company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as
amended, and we intend to divest securities before any
registration would be required.
We do not intend to engage in trading, underwriting, agency
distribution or sales of securities of other issuers.
Disposition
Policy
Although we have no current plans to dispose of any of the hotel
properties we acquire, we will consider doing so, subject to
REIT qualification and prohibited transaction rules under the
Code, if our management determines that a sale of a property
would be in our interests based on the price being offered for
the hotel, the operating performance of the hotel, the tax
consequences of the sale and other factors and circumstances
surrounding the proposed sale. See Risk
Factors Risks Related to Our Business.
62
Financing
Policies
We plan to maintain a prudent capital structure and intend to
limit our consolidated indebtedness to not more than 35% of our
investment in hotel properties at cost (defined as our initial
acquisition price plus the gross amount of any subsequent
capital investment and excluding any impairment charges),
measured at the time we incur debt, and a subsequent decrease in
property values will not require us to repay debt. Our board of
trustees will periodically review this policy and may modify or
eliminate it without the approval of our shareholders. We intend
to obtain a revolving credit facility for general business
purposes, which may include the following:
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funding of investments (following investment of the net proceeds
of this offering);
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payment of declared distributions to shareholders;
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working capital needs;
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payment of corporate taxes by our TRS lessees; or
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any other payments deemed necessary or desirable by senior
management and approved by the lender.
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We intend to have discussions with several lending institutions
and negotiate a revolving credit facility. In seeking to obtain
such a facility, we will consider factors as we deem relevant,
including interest rate pricing, recurring fees, flexibility of
funding, security required, maturity, restrictions on prepayment
and refinancing, and restrictions impacting our daily
operations. There can be no assurance that we will be able to
obtain such a facility on favorable terms or at all.
Going forward, we will consider a number of factors when
evaluating our level of indebtedness and making financial
decisions, including, among others, the following:
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the interest rate of the proposed financing;
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the extent to which the financing impacts the flexibility with
which we asset manage our properties;
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prepayment penalties and restrictions on refinancing;
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the purchase price of properties we acquire with debt financing;
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our long-term objectives with respect to the financing;
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our target investment returns;
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the ability of particular properties, and our company as a
whole, to generate cash flow sufficient to cover expected debt
service payments;
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overall level of consolidated indebtedness;
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timing of debt and lease maturities;
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provisions that require recourse and cross-collateralization;
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corporate credit ratios, including debt service or fixed charge
coverage, debt to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation
and amortization, or EBITDA, debt to total market capitalization
and debt to undepreciated assets; and
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the overall ratio of fixed- and variable-rate debt.
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Equity Capital
Policies
Subject to applicable law and the requirements for listed
companies on the NYSE, our board of trustees has the authority,
without further shareholder approval, to issue additional
authorized common shares and preferred shares or otherwise raise
capital, including through the issuance of senior securities, in
any manner and on the terms and for the consideration it deems
appropriate,
63
including in exchange for property. Existing shareholders will
have no preemptive right to additional shares issued in any
offering, and any offering might cause a dilution of investment.
We may in the future issue common shares in connection with
acquisitions. We also may issue limited partnership interests in
our operating partnership in connection with acquisitions of
property.
Our board of trustees may authorize the issuance of preferred
shares with terms and conditions that could have the effect of
delaying, deterring or preventing a transaction or a change in
control of our company that might involve a premium price for
holders of our common shares or otherwise might be in their best
interests. Additionally, preferred shares could have
distribution, voting, liquidation and other rights and
preferences that are senior to those of our common shares.
We may, under certain circumstances, purchase common or
preferred shares in the open market or in private transactions
with our shareholders, if those purchases are approved by our
board of trustees. Our board of trustees has no present
intention of causing us to repurchase any shares, and any action
would only be taken in conformity with applicable federal and
state laws and the applicable requirements for qualifying as a
REIT.
In the future, we may institute a dividend reinvestment plan, or
DRIP, which would allow our shareholders to acquire additional
common shares by automatically reinvesting their cash dividends.
Shares would be acquired pursuant to the plan at a price equal
to the then prevailing market price, without payment of
brokerage commissions or service charges. Shareholders who do
not participate in the plan will continue to receive cash
distributions as declared.
Conflict of
Interest Policy
Our current board of trustees consists solely of
Mr. Fisher, and, as a result, the transactions and
agreements entered into in connection with our formation prior
to this offering have not been approved by any independent
trustees.
Effective upon closing of this offering, we intend to adopt
policies to reduce potential conflicts of interest. Generally,
we expect that our policy will provide that any transaction,
agreement or relationship in which any of our trustees, officers
or employees has an interest must be approved by a majority of
our disinterested trustees. However, we cannot assure you that
these policies will be successful in eliminating the influence
of these conflicts. See Risk Factors.
Reporting
Policies
Generally, we intend to make available to our shareholders
audited annual financial statements and annual reports. After
the completion of this offering, we will become subject to the
information reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Pursuant to these
requirements, we will file periodic reports, proxy statements
and other information, including audited financial statements,
with the SEC.
64
PRINCIPAL
SHAREHOLDERS
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the
beneficial ownership of common shares by (i) each of our
trustees and persons who have agreed to become trustees upon
completion of this offering, (ii) each of our executive
officers, (iii) each holder of 5% or more of each class of
our shares and (iv) all of our trustees and executive
officers as a group upon completion of this offering and the
concurrent private placement. Unless otherwise indicated, all
shares are owned directly and the indicated person has sole
voting and investment power. In accordance with SEC rules, each
listed persons beneficial ownership includes:
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all shares the person actually owns beneficially or of record;
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all shares over which the person has or shares voting or
dispositive control (such as in the capacity as a general
partner of an investment fund); and
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all shares the person has the right to acquire within
60 days (such as restricted common shares that are
currently vested or which are scheduled to vest within
60 days).
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Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each named person is
50 Cocoanut Row, Suite 200, Palm Beach, Florida 33480. No
shares beneficially owned by any executive officer or trustee
have been pledged as security.
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Common Shares
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Name of beneficial owner
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Beneficially Owned
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Percent of Class
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Jeffrey H. Fisher
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(1)
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%
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Peter Willis
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(2)
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Miles Berger
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(3)
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Thomas J. Crocker
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(3)
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Jack P. DeBoer
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(3)
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C. Gerald Goldsmith
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(3)
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Rolf E. Ruhfus
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(3)
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Joel F. Zemans
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(3)
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All executive officers and trustees as a group
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(1)(4)
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%
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(1) |
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Represents shares purchased by Mr. Fisher in a private
placement concurrent with the closing of this offering.
Mr. Fisher acquired 1,000 common shares in connection with
the formation and initial capitalization of the company, which
shares we will repurchase at his cost of $10,000 upon completion
of this offering. Does not reflect 1,000 common shares acquired
by Mr. Fisher in connection with our formation and does not
include
common shares
underlying LTIP
units to be granted to Mr. Fisher upon completion of this
offering pursuant to our Equity Incentive Plan. |
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(2) |
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Does not
include
common shares
underlying
LTIP units to be granted to Mr. Willis upon completion of
this offering pursuant to our Equity Incentive Plan. The LTIP
units will vest ratably over the
first
anniversaries of the date of the grant. |
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(3) |
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Represents
common shares to be granted to each independent trustee upon
completion of this offering, which shares will vest ratably over
the first three anniversaries of the date of grant. |
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(4) |
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Includes an aggregate
of
common shares to be granted to each independent trustee upon
completion of this offering, which shares will vest ratably over
the first three anniversaries of the date of grant. We currently
have
outstanding
common shares, all of which are owned by our President and Chief
Executive Officer, Mr. Fisher. Upon completion of this
offering, we will repurchase
all common
shares from Mr. Fisher at his cost of
$ per share. Does not include an
aggregate
of shares
underlying LTIP units granted to our officers pursuant to the
Equity Incentive Plan. |
65
CERTAIN
RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Concurrently with this offering, in a separate private
placement, we will sell an aggregate
of
common shares (representing % of
the common shares to be outstanding following this offering,
excluding common shares that may be sold pursuant to the
underwriters overallotment option) to Mr. Fisher, our
chairman, chief executive officer and president, at a price per
share equal to the initial public offering price per share and
without payment of any underwriting discount or commission by
us. We will use approximately $ of
the net proceeds from this offering and the concurrent private
placement to reimburse Mr. Fisher for
out-of-pocket
expenses he incurred in connection with our formation and this
offering, including up to $2.5 million Mr. Fisher funded as
earnest money deposits, as required by the purchase agreement
for the initial acquisition hotels. We will also use $10,000 to
repurchase the shares Mr. Fisher acquired in connection with the
formation and our initial capitalization.
Upon completion of this offering, we will cause our operating
partnership to issue an aggregate
of
LTIP units to certain of our officers,
including LTIP
units to Mr. Fisher
and
LTIP units to Mr. Willis. These LTIP units will vest
ratably over the first anniversaries of the date of grant.
We also expect to enter into indemnification agreements with our
trustees and our executive officers providing for procedures for
indemnification by us to the fullest extent permitted by law and
advancements by us of certain expenses and costs relating to
claims, suits or proceedings arising from their service to us.
Certain of the hotels we expect to acquire in the future may be
managed by IHM, which is 90% owned by Mr. Fisher. Any
management agreements with IHM will have an initial term of
five years and could be renewed for two five-year periods
at the option of IHM. Management agreements with IHM will
provide for a base management fee of 3% of gross revenues, an
accounting fee of $1,000 per month per hotel and an incentive
management fee equal to 10% of the hotels net operating
income less fixed costs, base management fees and a specified
return threshold. The incentive management fee will be capped at
1% of gross hotel revenues.
The management agreements will provide generally for a
termination fee to be paid to IHM upon certain terminations of a
management agreement, including in connection with the sale of
the related hotel. The termination fee will be equal to 2.0x the
base management fees and incentive management fees paid to IHM
over the trailing twelve-month period if the agreement is
terminated in the first year of its initial term, decreasing in
0.5x increments annually until the fourth year of the
agreements initial term, after which no termination fee
will be payable to IHM upon termination of the agreement.
Termination of the management agreements for reasons other than
cause will require six months advance notice. If
hotel operating performance does not meet specified levels, we
will be able to terminate the management agreements without
payment of any termination fee.
Because Mr. Fisher is our Chairman, President and Chief
Executive Officer and controls IHM, conflicts of interest will
exist between Mr. Fisher and us regarding:
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enforcement of the terms of any management agreements between us
and IHM;
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whether and on what terms these management agreements will be
renewed upon the expiration;
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whether and on what terms management contracts will be awarded
to IHM;
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whether hotel properties will be sold; and
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Under the hotel management agreements, IHM generally will be
responsible for complying with our various franchise agreements,
subject to us making sufficient funding available. Conflicts of
66
interest will exist between us and Mr. Fisher regarding
IHMs compliance with franchise agreements, which could
result in:
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the termination of those agreements and related substantial
penalties; or
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other actions or failures to act by IHM that could result in
liability to us or our TRS lessees.
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We will share our corporate information technology
infrastructure with IHM. We and IHM will agree to a cost sharing
arrangement under which each of us
bears % of the total costs of
operating and maintaining the IT function (including
depreciation taken by us on the IT infrastructure).
IHM will be required to obtain an employee practices liability
insurance policy that covers our employees. In addition, IHM
will be required to maintain a health benefit plan in which our
employees will participate. Our reimbursement of IHM will be
based on the number of our employees participating in the plan
and the coverage and benefit levels selected by those employees.
Conflicts may arise between us and IHM with respect to whether
certain expenditures are classified as capital expenditures,
which are capitalized by us and do not immediately affect
earnings, or repairs and maintenance, which are expensed as
incurred and therefore reduce the amount available to be earned
by IHM as incentive management fees.
From time to time in connection with certain acquisitions and
dispositions or other transactions, we may engage a brokerage
firm with which Mr. Fishers daughter is employed.
67
DESCRIPTION OF
SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
Although the following summary describes the material terms of
our shares of beneficial interest, it is not a complete
description of the Maryland REIT Law, or the MRL, the Maryland
General Corporate Law, or MGCL, provisions applicable to a
Maryland REIT or our declaration of trust and bylaws as they
will be in effect upon the completion of this offering, copies
of which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of
which this prospectus is a part. See Where You Can Find
More Information.
General
Our declaration of trust provides that we may issue up to common
shares, $0.01 par value per share, and preferred shares of
beneficial interest, $0.01 par value per share, or
preferred shares. We issued 1,000 common shares in connection
with our initial capitalization. Upon completion of this
offering, we will repurchase these shares. Our declaration of
trust authorizes our board of trustees to amend our declaration
of trust to increase or decrease the aggregate number of
authorized shares or the number of shares of any class or series
without shareholder approval. Upon completion of this offering
and the concurrent private
placement, common
shares will be issued and outstanding on a fully diluted basis,
including restricted
common shares to be granted to our trustees under our Equity
Incentive Plan upon completion of this offering,
or
common shares if the underwriters overallotment option is
exercised in full, and no preferred shares will be issued and
outstanding. Our Equity Incentive Plan provides for grants of
equity based awards up to an aggregate
of % of our issued and outstanding
common shares (on a fully diluted basis and including shares to
be sold pursuant to the underwriters exercise of their
overallotment option) at the time of the award.
Under Maryland law, shareholders are not personally liable for
the obligations of a REIT solely as a result of their status as
shareholders.
Common
Shares
All of the common shares offered in this offering will be duly
authorized, fully paid and nonassessable. Subject to the
preferential rights, if any, of holders of any other class or
series of shares of beneficial interest and to the provisions of
our declaration of trust regarding the restrictions on ownership
and transfer of shares of beneficial interest, holders of our
common shares are entitled to receive distributions on such
shares of beneficial interest out of assets legally available
therefore if, as and when authorized by our board of trustees
and declared by us, and the holders of our common shares are
entitled to share ratably in our assets legally available for
distribution to our shareholders in the event of our
liquidation, dissolution or winding up after payment of or
adequate provision for all of our known debts and liabilities.
Subject to the provisions of our declaration of trust regarding
the restrictions on ownership and transfer of common shares of
beneficial interest and except as may otherwise be specified in
the terms of any class or series of common shares, each
outstanding common share entitles the holder to one vote on all
matters submitted to a vote of shareholders, including the
election of trustees, and, except as provided with respect to
any other class or series of shares of beneficial interest, the
holders of such common shares will possess the exclusive voting
power. There is no cumulative voting in the election of our
trustees, which means that the shareholders entitled to cast a
majority of the votes entitled to be cast in the election of
trustees can elect all of the trustees then standing for
election, and the remaining shareholders will not be able to
elect any trustees.
Holders of common shares have no preference, conversion,
exchange, sinking fund, redemption or appraisal rights and have
no preemptive rights to subscribe for any of our securities.
Subject to the restrictions on ownership and transfer of shares
contained in our declaration of trust and the terms of any other
class or series of common shares, all of our common shares will
have equal dividend, liquidation and other rights.
68
Power to
Reclassify Our Unissued Shares of Beneficial Interest
Our declaration of trust authorizes our board of trustees to
classify and reclassify any unissued common or preferred shares
into other classes or series of shares of beneficial interest.
Prior to the issuance of shares of each class or series, our
board of trustees is required by Maryland law and by our
declaration of trust to set, subject to the provisions of our
declaration of trust regarding the restrictions on ownership and
transfer of shares of beneficial interest, the preferences,
conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions,
limitations as to dividends or other distributions,
qualifications and terms or conditions of redemption for each
class or series. Therefore, our board could authorize the
issuance of common shares or preferred shares that have priority
over our common shares as to voting rights, dividends or upon
liquidation or with terms and conditions that could have the
effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control
or other transaction that might involve a premium price for our
common shares or otherwise be in the best interests of our
shareholders. No preferred shares are presently outstanding, and
we have no present plans to issue any preferred shares.
Power to Increase
or Decrease Authorized Shares of Beneficial Interest and Issue
Additional Common Shares and Preferred Shares
We believe that the power of our board of trustees to amend our
declaration of trust to increase or decrease the number of
authorized shares of beneficial interest, to authorize us to
issue additional authorized but unissued common shares or
preferred shares and to classify or reclassify unissued common
shares or preferred shares and thereafter to issue such
classified or reclassified shares of beneficial interest will
provide us with increased flexibility in structuring possible
future financings and acquisitions and in meeting other needs
that might arise. The additional classes or series, as well as
the common shares, will be available for issuance without
further action by our shareholders, unless such action is
required by applicable law or the rules of any stock exchange or
automated quotation system on which our securities may be listed
or traded. Although our board of trustees does not intend to do
so, it could authorize us to issue a class or series that could,
depending upon the terms of the particular class or series,
delay, defer or prevent a change in control or other transaction
that might involve a premium price for our common shares or
otherwise be in the best interests of our shareholders.
Restrictions on
Ownership and Transfer
For us to qualify as a REIT under the Code, our shares of
beneficial interest must be beneficially owned by 100 or more
persons during at least 335 days of a taxable year of
12 months (other than the first year for which an election
to be a REIT has been made) or during a proportionate part of a
shorter taxable year. Also, not more than 50% of the value of
our outstanding shares of beneficial interest may be owned,
directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (as defined
in the Code to include certain entities) during the last half of
a taxable year (other than the first year for which an election
to be a REIT has been made).
Because our board of trustees believes it is at present
essential for us to qualify as a REIT, our declaration of trust,
subject to certain exceptions, restricts the amount of our
shares of beneficial interest that a person may beneficially or
constructively own. Our declaration of trust provides that,
subject to certain exceptions, no person may beneficially or
constructively own more than 9.8% in value or in number of
shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares
of any class or series of our shares of beneficial interest.
Our declaration of trust also prohibits any person from
(i) beneficially owning shares of beneficial interest to
the extent that such beneficial ownership would result in our
being closely held within the meaning of
Section 856(h) of the Code (without regard to whether the
ownership interest is held during the last half of the taxable
year), (ii) transferring our shares of beneficial interest
to the extent that such transfer would result in our shares of
beneficial interest being beneficially owned by less than
100 persons (determined under the principles of
Section 856(a)(5) of the Code),
69
(iii) beneficially or constructively owning our shares of
beneficial interest to the extent such beneficial or
constructive ownership would cause us to constructively own ten
percent or more of the ownership interests in a tenant (other
than a TRS) of our real property within the meaning of
Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code or (iv) beneficially
or constructively owning or transferring our shares of
beneficial interest if such ownership or transfer would
otherwise cause us to fail to qualify as a REIT under the Code,
including, but not limited to, as a result of any hotel
management companies failing to qualify as eligible
independent contractors under the REIT rules. Any person
who acquires or attempts or intends to acquire beneficial or
constructive ownership of our shares of beneficial interest that
will or may violate any of the foregoing restrictions on
transferability and ownership, or any person who would have
owned our shares of beneficial interest that resulted in a
transfer of shares to a charitable trust, is required to give
written notice immediately to us, or in the case of a proposed
or attempted transaction, to give at least 15 days
prior written notice, and provide us with such other information
as we may request in order to determine the effect of such
transfer on our status as a REIT. The foregoing restrictions on
transferability and ownership will not apply if our board of
trustees determines that it is no longer in our best interests
to attempt to qualify, or to continue to qualify, as a REIT.
Our board of trustees, in its sole discretion, may prospectively
or retroactively exempt a person from certain of the limits
described in the paragraph above and may establish or increase
an excepted holder percentage limit for such person. The person
seeking an exemption must provide to our board of trustees any
such representations, covenants and undertakings as our board of
trustees may deem appropriate in order to conclude that granting
the exemption will not cause us to lose our status as a REIT.
Our board of trustees may not grant such an exemption to any
person if such exemption would result in our failing to qualify
as a REIT. Our board of trustees may require a ruling from the
IRS or an opinion of counsel, in either case in form and
substance satisfactory to the board of trustees, in its sole
discretion, in order to determine or ensure our status as a REIT.
Any attempted transfer of our shares of beneficial interest
which, if effective, would violate any of the restrictions
described above will result in the number of shares causing the
violation (rounded up to the nearest whole share) to be
automatically transferred to a trust for the exclusive benefit
of one or more charitable beneficiaries, except that any
transfer that results in the violation of the restriction
relating to our shares of beneficial interest being beneficially
owned by fewer than 100 persons will be void ab initio. In
either case, the proposed transferee will not acquire any rights
in such shares. The automatic transfer will be deemed to be
effective as of the close of business on the business day prior
to the date of the purported transfer or other event that
results in the transfer to the trust. Shares held in the trust
will be issued and outstanding shares. The proposed transferee
will not benefit economically from ownership of any shares held
in the trust, will have no rights to dividends or other
distributions and will have no rights to vote or other rights
attributable to the shares held in the trust. The trustee of the
trust will have all voting rights and rights to dividends or
other distributions with respect to shares held in the trust.
These rights will be exercised for the exclusive benefit of the
charitable beneficiary. Any dividend or other distribution paid
prior to our discovery that shares have been transferred to the
trust will be paid by the recipient to the trustee upon demand.
Any distribution authorized but unpaid will be paid when due to
the trustee. Any dividend or other distribution paid to the
trustee will be held in trust for the charitable beneficiary.
Subject to Maryland law, the trustee will have the authority
(i) to rescind as void any vote cast by the proposed
transferee prior to our discovery that the shares have been
transferred to the trust and (ii) to recast the vote in
accordance with the desires of the trustee acting for the
benefit of the charitable beneficiary. However, if we have
already taken irreversible corporate action, then the trustee
will not have the authority to rescind and recast the vote.
Within 20 days of receiving notice from us that shares of
beneficial interest have been transferred to the trust, the
trustee will sell the shares to a person designated by the
trustee, whose ownership of the shares will not violate the
above ownership and transfer limitations. Upon the sale, the
interest of the charitable beneficiary in the shares sold will
terminate and the trustee will distribute
70
the net proceeds of the sale to the proposed transferee and to
the charitable beneficiary as follows. The proposed transferee
will receive the lesser of (i) the price paid by the
proposed transferee for the shares or, if the proposed
transferee did not give value for the shares in connection with
the event causing the shares to be held in the trust (e.g., a
gift, devise or other similar transaction), the market price (as
defined in our declaration of trust) of the shares on the day of
the event causing the shares to be held in the trust and
(ii) the price received by the trustee (net of any
commission and other expenses of sale) from the sale or other
disposition of the shares. The trustee may reduce the amount
payable to the proposed transferee by the amount of dividends or
other distributions paid to the proposed transferee and owed by
the proposed transferee to the trustee. Any net sale proceeds in
excess of the amount payable to the proposed transferee will be
paid immediately to the charitable beneficiary. If, prior to our
discovery that our shares have been transferred to the trust,
the shares are sold by the proposed transferee, then
(i) the shares shall be deemed to have been sold on behalf
of the trust and (ii) to the extent that the proposed
transferee received an amount for the shares that exceeds the
amount he or she was entitled to receive, the excess shall be
paid to the trustee upon demand.
In addition, shares of beneficial interest held in the trust
will be deemed to have been offered for sale to us, or our
designee, at a price per share equal to the lesser of
(i) the price per share in the transaction that resulted in
the transfer to the trust (or, in the case of a devise or gift,
the market price at the time of the devise or gift) and
(ii) the market price on the date we, or our designee,
accept the offer, which we may reduce by the amount of dividends
and distributions paid to the proposed transferee and owed by
the proposed transferee to the trustee. We will have the right
to accept the offer until the trustee has sold the shares. Upon
a sale to us, the interest of the charitable beneficiary in the
shares sold will terminate and the trustee will distribute the
net proceeds of the sale to the proposed transferee.
If a transfer to a charitable trust, as described above, would
be ineffective for any reason to prevent a violation of a
restriction, the transfer that would have resulted in such
violation will be void ab initio, and the proposed transferee
shall acquire no rights in such shares.
Every owner of more than 5% (or such lower percentage as
required by the Code or the regulations promulgated thereunder)
of our shares of beneficial interest, within 30 days after
the end of each taxable year, is required to give us written
notice, stating his or her name and address, the number of
shares of each class and series of our shares of beneficial
interest that he or she beneficially owns and a description of
the manner in which the shares are held. Each such owner will
provide us with such additional information as we may request in
order to determine the effect, if any, of his or her beneficial
ownership on our status as a REIT and to ensure compliance with
the ownership limits. In addition, each shareholder will upon
demand be required to provide us with such information as we may
request in good faith in order to determine our status as a REIT
and to comply with the requirements of any taxing authority or
governmental authority or to determine such compliance.
These ownership limitations could delay, defer or prevent a
transaction or a change in control that might involve a premium
price for our common shares or otherwise be in the best interest
of our shareholders.
Stock Exchange
Listing
We expect to apply for listing of our common shares on the NYSE
under the symbol
.
Transfer Agent
and Registrar
We expect the transfer agent and registrar for our common shares
to
be .
71
SHARES ELIGIBLE
FOR FUTURE SALE
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our
common shares. We cannot predict the effect, if any, that sales
of common shares or the availability of shares for sale will
have on the market price of our common shares prevailing from
time to time. Sales of substantial amounts of our common shares
in the public market, or the perception that such sales could
occur, could adversely affect the prevailing market price of our
common shares.
Upon completion of this offering, we will
have common
shares outstanding, including the common shares sold in this
offering, the common shares sold to Mr. Fisher in a private
placement concurrent with the closing of this offering,
and restricted
common shares to be granted to our trustees under our Equity
Incentive Plan, or an aggregate
of
common shares outstanding if the underwriters
overallotment option is exercised in full. Our Equity Incentive
Plan provides for grants of equity based awards up to an
aggregate of % of our issued and
outstanding common shares (on a fully diluted basis and
including shares to be sold pursuant to the underwriters
exercise of their overallotment option).
No assurance can be given as to the likelihood that an active
trading market for our common shares will develop or be
maintained, that any such market will be liquid, that
shareholders will be able to sell the common shares when issued
or at all or the prices that shareholders may obtain for any of
the common shares. No prediction can be made as to the effect,
if any, that future issuances of common shares or the
availability of common shares for future issuances will have on
the market price of our common shares prevailing from time to
time, issuances of substantial amounts of common shares, or the
perception that such issuances could occur, may affect adversely
the prevailing market price of our common shares. See Risk
Factors Risks Related to This Offering.
The common shares sold in this offering will be freely tradable
without restriction or further registration under the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, unless the
shares are held by any of our affiliates, as that
term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. As
defined in Rule 144, an affiliate of an issuer
is a person that directly, or indirectly through one or more
intermediaries, controls, is controlled by or is under common
control with the issuer.
Rule 144
The shares issued to Mr. Fisher will be restricted shares
as defined in Rule 144.
In general, Rule 144 provides that if (i) one year has
elapsed since the date of acquisition of common shares from us
or any of our affiliates and (ii) the holder is not, and
has not been, an affiliate of ours at any time during the three
months preceding the proposed sale, such holder may sell such
common shares in the public market under Rule 144(b)(1)
without regard to the volume limitations, manner of sale
provisions, public information requirements or notice
requirements under such rule. In general, Rule 144 also
provides that if (i) six months have elapsed since the date
of acquisition of common shares from us or any of our
affiliates, (ii) we have been a reporting company under the
Exchange Act for at least 90 days and (iii) the holder
is not, and has not been, an affiliate of ours at any time
during the three months preceding the proposed sale, such holder
may sell such common shares in the public market under
Rule 144(b)(1) subject to satisfaction of
Rule 144s public information requirements, but
without regard to the volume limitations, manner of sale
provisions or notice requirements under such rule.
In addition, under Rule 144, if (i) one year (or,
subject to us being a reporting company under the Exchange Act
for at least the preceding 90 days, six months) has elapsed
since the date of acquisition of common shares from us or any of
our affiliates and (ii) the holder is, or has been, an
affiliate of ours at any time during the three months preceding
the proposed sale, such holder may sell such common shares in
the public market under Rule 144(b)(1) subject to
satisfaction of Rule 144s volume limitations, manner
of sale provisions, public information requirements and notice
requirements.
72
In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect,
beginning 90 days after the date of this prospectus, a
person who has beneficially owned restricted shares for at least
one year would be entitled to sell, within any three-month
period, that number of shares that does not exceed the greater
of:
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1% of the common shares outstanding, which will equal
approximately
common shares immediately after this offering; or
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the average weekly trading volume of our common shares on the
NYSE during the four calendar weeks preceding the date on which
notice of the sale is filed with the SEC.
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Following completion of this offering, we intend to file a
registration statement on
Form S-8
to register the total number of common shares that may be issued
under our Equity Incentive Plan.
Lock-Up
Agreements
In addition to the limitations placed on the sale of our common
shares by operation of the
Securities Act, we and all of our trustees and executive
officers have agreed with the
underwriters, subject to certain exceptions, not to sell or
otherwise transfer their shares, or any
securities convertible into our common shares, for a period of
180 days after the date of this
prospectus without the underwriters prior written consent.
The lock-up
agreements signed by us,
our trustees and executive officers cover
approximately
common shares.
73
CERTAIN
PROVISIONS OF MARYLAND LAW AND OF OUR DECLARATION OF
TRUST AND BYLAWS
Although the following summary describes certain provisions of
Maryland law and of our declaration of trust and bylaws as they
will be in effect upon the completion of this offering, it is
not a complete description of Maryland law and our declaration
of trust and bylaws, copies of which are available from us upon
request. See Where You Can Find More Information.
Number of
Trustees; Vacancies
Our declaration of trust and bylaws provide that the number of
our trustees may be established by our board of trustees but may
not be more than 15. Our declaration of trust also provides
that, at such time as we have at least three independent
trustees and a class of our common shares or preferred shares is
registered under the Exchange Act, we elect to be subject to the
provision of Subtitle 8 of Title 3 of the MGCL regarding
the filling of vacancies on our board of trustees. Accordingly,
at such time, except as may be provided by our board of trustees
in setting the terms of any class or series of shares, any and
all vacancies on our board of trustees may be filled only by the
affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining trustees in
office, even if the remaining trustees do not constitute a
quorum, and any individual elected to fill such vacancy will
serve for the remainder of the full term of the class in which
the vacancy occurred and until a successor is duly elected and
qualifies.
Each of our trustees will be elected by our shareholders to
serve for a one-year term and until his or her successor is duly
elected and qualifies. A plurality of all votes cast on the
matter at a meeting of shareholders at which a quorum is present
is sufficient to elect a trustee. The presence in person or by
proxy of shareholders entitled to cast a majority of all the
votes entitled to be cast at a meeting constitutes a quorum.
Removal of
Trustees
Our declaration of trust provides that, subject to the rights of
holders of any series of preferred shares, a trustee may be
removed only for cause, and then only by the
affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to
be cast generally in the election of trustees. For this purpose,
cause means, with respect to any particular trustee,
conviction of a felony or a final judgment of a court of
competent jurisdiction holding that such trustee caused
demonstrable, material harm to us through bad faith or active
and deliberate dishonesty. These provisions, when coupled with
the exclusive power of our board of trustees to fill vacancies
on our board of trustees, generally precludes shareholders from
removing incumbent trustees except for cause and
with a substantial affirmative vote and filling the vacancies
created by such removal with their own nominees.
Policy on
Majority Voting
Our board of trustees will adopt a policy regarding the election
of trustees in uncontested elections. Pursuant to such policy,
in an uncontested election of trustees, any nominee who receives
a greater number of votes affirmatively withheld from his or her
election than votes for his or her election will, within two
weeks following certification of the shareholder vote by our
company, submit a written resignation offer to our board of
trustees for consideration by our Nominating and Corporate
Governance Committee. Our Nominating and Corporate Governance
Committee will consider the resignation offer and, within
60 days following certification by our company of the
shareholder vote with respect to such election, will make a
recommendation to our board of trustees concerning the
acceptance or rejection of the resignation offer. Our board of
trustees will take formal action on the recommendation no later
than 90 days following certification of the shareholder
vote by our company. We will publicly disclose the decision of
our board of trustees. Our board of trustees will also provide
an explanation of the process by which the decision was made
and, if applicable, its reason or reasons for rejecting the
tendered resignation.
Business
Combinations
Under certain provisions of the MGCL applicable to Maryland
REITs, certain business combinations, including a
merger, consolidation, share exchange or, in certain
circumstances, an asset
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transfer or issuance or reclassification of equity securities,
between a Maryland REIT and an interested
shareholder or, generally, any person who beneficially
owns 10% or more of the voting power of the REITs
outstanding voting shares or an affiliate or associate of the
REIT who, at any time within the two-year period prior to the
date in question, was the beneficial owner of 10% or more of the
voting power of the then outstanding voting shares of beneficial
interest of the REIT, or an affiliate of such an interested
shareholder, are prohibited for five years after the most recent
date on which the interested shareholder becomes an interested
shareholder. Thereafter, any such business combination must be
recommended by the board of trustees of such REIT and approved
by the affirmative vote of at least (a) 80% of the votes
entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding voting shares of
beneficial interest of the REIT and (b) two-thirds of the
votes entitled to be cast by holders of voting shares of
beneficial interest of the REIT other than shares held by the
interested shareholder with whom (or with whose affiliate) the
business combination is to be effected or held by an affiliate
or associate of the interested shareholder, unless, among other
conditions, the REITs shareholders receive a minimum price
(as defined in the MGCL) for their shares and the consideration
is received in cash or in the same form as previously paid by
the interested shareholder for its shares. Under the MGCL, a
person is not an interested shareholder if the board
of trustees approved in advance the transaction by which the
person otherwise would have become an interested shareholder. A
REITs board of trustees may provide that its approval is
subject to compliance with any terms and conditions determined
by it.
These provisions of the MGCL do not apply, however, to business
combinations that are approved or exempted by a board of
trustees prior to the time that the interested shareholder
becomes an interested shareholder. Pursuant to the statute, our
board of trustees has by resolution exempted business
combinations between us and any other person from these
provisions of the MGCL, provided that the business combination
is first approved by our board of trustees, including a majority
of trustees who are not affiliates or associates of such person,
and, consequently, the five year prohibition and the
supermajority vote requirements will not apply to such business
combinations. As a result, any person may be able to enter into
business combinations with us that may not be in the best
interests of our shareholders without compliance by us with the
supermajority vote requirements and other provisions of the
statute. This resolution, however, may be altered or repealed in
whole or in part at any time. If this resolution is repealed, or
our board of trustees does not otherwise approve a business
combination, the statute may discourage others from trying to
acquire control of us and increase the difficulty of
consummating any offer.
Control Share
Acquisitions
The MGCL provides that control shares of a Maryland
REIT acquired in a control share acquisition have no
voting rights except to the extent approved by the affirmative
vote of two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the
matter, excluding shares of beneficial interest in a REIT in
respect of which any of the following persons is entitled to
exercise or direct the exercise of the voting power of such
shares in the election of trustees: (1) a person who makes
or proposes to make a control share acquisition, (2) an
officer of the REIT or (3) an employee of the REIT who is
also a trustee of the REIT. Control shares are
voting shares which, if aggregated with all other such shares
owned by the acquirer, or in respect of which the acquirer is
able to exercise or direct the exercise of voting power (except
solely by virtue of a revocable proxy), would entitle the
acquirer to exercise voting power in electing trustees within
one of the following ranges of voting power: (A) one-tenth
or more but less than one-third, (B) one-third or more but
less than a majority or (C) a majority or more of all
voting power. Control shares do not include shares that the
acquirer is then entitled to vote as a result of having
previously obtained shareholder approval. A control share
acquisition means the acquisition of control shares,
subject to certain exceptions.
A person who has made or proposes to make a control share
acquisition, upon satisfaction of certain conditions (including
an undertaking to pay expenses), may compel our board of
trustees to call a special meeting of shareholders to be held
within 50 days of demand to consider the voting rights of
the shares. If no request for a meeting is made, the REIT may
itself present the question at any shareholders meeting.
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If voting rights are not approved at the meeting or if the
acquirer does not deliver an acquiring person statement as
required by the statute, then, subject to certain conditions and
limitations, the REIT may redeem any or all of the control
shares (except those for which voting rights have previously
been approved) for fair value determined, without regard to the
absence of voting rights for the control shares, as of the date
of the last control share acquisition by the acquirer or of any
meeting of shareholders at which the voting rights of such
shares are considered and not approved. If voting rights for
control shares are approved at a shareholders meeting and
the acquirer becomes entitled to vote a majority of the shares
entitled to vote, all other shareholders may exercise appraisal
rights. The fair value of the shares as determined for purposes
of such appraisal rights may not be less than the highest price
per share paid by the acquirer in the control share acquisition.
The control share acquisition statute does not apply to
(a) shares acquired in a merger, consolidation or share
exchange if the REIT is a party to the transaction or
(b) acquisitions approved or exempted by the declaration of
trust or bylaws of the REIT.
Our bylaws contain a provision exempting from the control share
acquisition statute any and all acquisitions by any person of
our shares. There is no assurance that such provision will not
be amended or eliminated at any time in the future.
Subtitle
8
Subtitle 8 of Title 3 of the MGCL permits a Maryland REIT
with a class of equity securities registered under the Exchange
Act and at least three independent trustees to elect to be
subject, by provision in its declaration of trust or bylaws or a
resolution of its board of trustees and notwithstanding any
contrary provision in the declaration of trust or bylaws, to any
or all of five provisions:
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a classified board;
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a two-thirds vote requirement for removing a trustee;
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a requirement that the number of trustees be fixed only by vote
of the trustees;
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a requirement that a vacancy on the board be filled only by the
remaining trustees and for the remainder of the full term of the
class of trustees in which the vacancy occurred; and
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a majority requirement for the calling of a special meeting of
shareholders.
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Our declaration of trust provides that, at such time as we are
eligible to make a Subtitle 8 election, we elect to be subject
to the provision of Subtitle 8 that requires that vacancies on
our board may be filled only by the remaining trustees and for
the remainder of the full term of the trusteeship in which the
vacancy occurred. Through provisions in our declaration of trust
and bylaws unrelated to Subtitle 8, we already (1) require
the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than two-thirds
of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter for the
removal of any trustee from the board, which removal will be
allowed only for cause, (2) vest in the board the exclusive
power to fix the number of trusteeships, (3) require that a
vacancy on the board be filled only by the remaining trustees
and (4) require, unless called by our chairman, chief
executive officer, president or the board of trustees, the
request of shareholders entitled to cast not less than a
majority of the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting to
call a special meeting of shareholders.
Meetings of
Shareholders
Pursuant to our declaration of trust and bylaws, a meeting of
our shareholders for the purpose of the election of trustees and
the transaction of any business will be held annually on a date
and at the time and place set by our board of trustees. In
addition, our chairman, chief executive officer, president or
board of trustees may call a special meeting of our shareholders.
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Mergers;
Extraordinary Transactions
Under the MRL, a Maryland REIT generally cannot merge with
another entity unless advised by its board of trustees and
approved by the affirmative vote of shareholders holding at
least two-thirds of the shares entitled to vote on the matter
unless a lesser percentage (but not less than a majority of all
of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter) is set forth in
the trusts declaration of trust. Our declaration of trust
provides that these mergers may be approved by a majority of all
of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Our declaration
of trust also provides that we may sell or transfer all or
substantially all of our assets if approved by our board of
trustees and by the affirmative vote of a majority of all the
votes entitled to be cast on the matter. However, many of our
operating assets will be held by our subsidiaries, and these
subsidiaries may be able to sell all or substantially all of
their assets or merge with another entity without the approval
of our shareholders.
Amendment to Our
Declaration of Trust and Bylaws
Under the MRL, a Maryland REIT generally cannot amend its
declaration of trust unless advised by its board of trustees and
approved by the affirmative vote of shareholders entitled to
cast at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the
matter unless a different percentage (but not less than a
majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter)
is set forth in the trusts declaration of trust.
Except for amendments to the provisions of our declaration of
trust related to the removal of trustees and the vote required
to amend the provision regarding amendments to the removal
provisions itself (each of which require the affirmative vote of
the holders of not less than two-thirds of all the votes
entitled to be cast on the matter) and certain amendments
described in our declaration of trust that require only approval
by our board of trustees, our declaration of trust may be
amended only with the approval of our board of trustees and the
affirmative vote of the holders of not less than a majority of
all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter.
Our board of trustees has the exclusive power to adopt, alter or
repeal any provision of our bylaws and to make new bylaws.
Our
Termination
Our declaration of trust provides for us to have a perpetual
existence. Our termination must be approved by a majority of our
entire board of trustees and the affirmative vote of the holders
of not less than a majority of all of the votes entitled to be
cast on the matter.
Advance Notice of
Trustee Nominations and New Business
Our bylaws provide that, with respect to an annual meeting of
shareholders, nominations of individuals for election to our
board of trustees at an annual meeting and the proposal of
business to be considered by shareholders may be made only
(1) pursuant to our notice of the meeting, (2) by or
at the direction of our board of trustees or (3) by a
shareholder of record at the time of giving notice and who is
entitled to vote at the meeting and has complied with the
advance notice provisions set forth in our bylaws. Our bylaws
currently require the shareholder generally to provide notice to
the secretary containing the information required by our bylaws
not less than 120 days nor more than 150 days prior to
the first anniversary of the date of our proxy statement for the
solicitation of proxies for election of trustees at the
preceding years annual meeting (or, if we did not mail a
proxy statement for the preceding years annual meeting,
the date of the notice of the preceding years annual
meeting).
With respect to special meetings of shareholders, only the
business specified in our notice of meeting may be brought
before the meeting. Nominations of individuals for election to
our board of trustees at a special meeting may be made only
(1) by or at the direction of our board of trustees or
(2) provided that our board of trustees has determined that
trustees will be elected at such meeting, by a shareholder of
record at the time of giving notice and who is entitled to vote
at the meeting in the election of each individual so nominated
and has complied with the advance notice provisions set forth in
our bylaws. Such shareholder may nominate one or more
individuals, as the case may be, for
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election as a trustee if the shareholders notice
containing the information required by our bylaws is delivered
to the secretary not earlier than the 120th day prior to
such special meeting and not later than 5:00 p.m., eastern
time, on the later of (1) the 90th day prior to such
special meeting or (2) the tenth day following the day on
which public announcement is first made of the date of the
special meeting and the proposed nominees of our board of
trustees to be elected at the meeting.
Anti-takeover
Effect of Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and of Our
Declaration of Trust and Bylaws
If the applicable exemption in our bylaws is repealed and the
applicable resolution of our board of trustees is repealed, the
control share acquisition provisions and the business
combination provisions of the MGCL, respectively, as well as the
provisions in our declaration of trust and bylaws, as
applicable, on removal of trustees and the filling of trustee
vacancies and the restrictions on ownership and transfer of
shares of beneficial interest, together with the advance notice
and shareholder-requested special meeting provisions of our
bylaws, alone or in combination, could serve to delay, deter or
prevent a transaction or a change in our control that might
involve a premium price for holders of our common shares or
otherwise be in their best interests.
Indemnification
and Limitation of Trustees and Officers
Liability
Maryland law permits a Maryland REIT to include in its
declaration of trust a provision limiting the liability of its
trustees and officers to the REIT and its shareholders for money
damages except for liability resulting from:
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actual receipt of an improper benefit in money, property or
services, or
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active or deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment
as being material to the cause of action.
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Our declaration of trust contains a provision which limits the
liability of our trustees and officers to the maximum extent
permitted by Maryland law.
Our declaration of trust also authorizes us, and our bylaws
require us, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law, to
indemnify (i) any present or former trustee or officer or
(ii) any individual who, while serving as our trustee or
officer and at our request, serves or has served as a trustee,
director, officer, partner, member, manager, employee or agent
of another REIT, corporation, partnership, limited liability
company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or any
other enterprise, from and against any claim or liability to
which such person may become subject or which such person may
incur by reason of his or her service in such capacity or
capacities, and to pay or reimburse his or her reasonable
expenses in advance of final disposition of such a proceeding.
Upon completion of this offering, we expect to enter into
indemnification agreements with each of our trustees and
executive officers that provide for indemnification to the
maximum extent permitted by Maryland law and advancements by us
of certain expenses and costs relating to claims, suits or
proceedings arising from their service to us.
REIT
Qualification
Our declaration of trust provides that our board of trustees may
revoke or otherwise terminate our REIT election, without
approval of our shareholders, if it determines that it is no
longer in our best interest to continue to qualify as a REIT.
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OUR OPERATING
PARTNERSHIP AND THE PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
The following summary of the terms of the agreement of limited
partnership of our operating partnership that will be in effect
upon completion of this offering does not purport to be complete
and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to
the Agreement of Limited Partnership of Chatham Lodging, L.P., a
copy of which is an exhibit to the registration statement of
which this prospectus is a part. See Where You Can Find
More Information.
Management
We will be the sole general partner of our operating
partnership, which we will organize as a Delaware limited
partnership. We will conduct substantially all of our operations
and make substantially all of our investments through the
operating partnership. Pursuant to the partnership agreement, we
will have full, exclusive and complete responsibility and
discretion in the management and control of the operating
partnership, including the ability to cause the operating
partnership to enter into certain major transactions including
acquisitions, dispositions, refinancings and selection of
lessees, make distributions to partners, and to cause changes in
the operating partnerships business activities.
Transferability
of Interests
We may not voluntarily withdraw from the operating partnership
or transfer or assign our interest in the operating partnership
or engage in any merger, consolidation or other combination, or
sale of all or substantially all of our assets in a transaction
which results in a change of control of our company unless:
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we receive the consent of limited partners holding more than 50%
of the partnership interests of the limited partners (other than
those held by our company or its subsidiaries);
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as a result of such transaction, all limited partners will
receive for each partnership unit an amount of cash, securities
or other property equal in value to the greatest amount of cash,
securities or other property paid in the transaction to a holder
of one of our common shares, provided that if, in connection
with the transaction, a purchase, tender or exchange offer shall
have been made to and accepted by the holders of more than 50%
of the outstanding common shares, each holder of partnership
units shall be given the option to exchange its partnership
units for the greatest amount of cash, securities or other
property that a limited partner would have received had it
(A) exercised its redemption right (described below) and
(B) sold, tendered or exchanged pursuant to the offer
common shares received upon exercise of the redemption right
immediately prior to the expiration of the offer; or
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we are the surviving entity in the transaction and either
(A) our shareholders do not receive cash, securities or
other property in the transaction or (B) all limited
partners (other than our company or our subsidiaries) receive
for each partnership unit an amount of cash, securities or other
property having a value that is no less than the greatest amount
of cash, securities or other property received in the
transaction by our shareholders.
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We also may merge with or into or consolidate with another
entity if immediately after such merger or consolidation
(i) substantially all of the assets of the successor or
surviving entity, other than partnership units held by us, are
contributed, directly or indirectly, to the partnership as a
capital contribution in exchange for partnership units with a
fair market value equal to the value of the assets so
contributed as determined by the survivor in good faith and
(ii) the survivor expressly agrees to assume all of our
obligations under the partnership agreement and the partnership
agreement shall be amended after any such merger or
consolidation so as to arrive at a new method of calculating the
amounts payable upon exercise of the redemption right that
approximates the existing method for such calculation as closely
as reasonably possible.
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We also may (i) transfer all or any portion of our general
partnership interest to (A) a wholly owned subsidiary or
(B) a parent company, and following such transfer may
withdraw as the general partner and (ii) engage in a
transaction required by law or by the rules of any national
securities exchange on which our common shares are listed.
Capital
Contribution
We will contribute, directly, to our operating partnership
substantially all of the net proceeds of this offering as our
initial capital contribution in exchange for substantially all
of the limited partnership interests in our operating
partnership. The partnership agreement provides that if the
operating partnership requires additional funds at any time in
excess of funds available to the operating partnership from
borrowing or capital contributions, we may borrow such funds
from a financial institution or other lender and lend such funds
to the operating partnership on the same terms and conditions as
are applicable to our borrowing of such funds. Under the
partnership agreement, we are obligated to contribute the net
proceeds of any future offering of shares as additional capital
to the operating partnership. If we contribute additional
capital to the operating partnership, we will receive additional
partnership units and our percentage interest will be increased
on a proportionate basis based upon the amount of such
additional capital contributions and the value of the operating
partnership at the time of such contributions. Conversely, the
percentage interests of the limited partners will be decreased
on a proportionate basis in the event of additional capital
contributions by us. In addition, if we contribute additional
capital to the operating partnership, we will revalue the
property of the operating partnership to its fair market value
(as determined by us) and the capital accounts of the partners
will be adjusted to reflect the manner in which the unrealized
gain or loss inherent in such property (that has not been
reflected in the capital accounts previously) would be allocated
among the partners under the terms of the partnership agreement
if there were a taxable disposition of such property for its
fair market value (as determined by us) on the date of the
revaluation. The operating partnership may issue preferred
partnership interests, in connection with acquisitions of
property or otherwise, which could have priority over common
partnership interests with respect to distributions from the
operating partnership, including the partnership interests we
own as the general partner.
Redemption Rights
Pursuant to the partnership agreement, any future limited
partners, other than us, will receive redemption rights, which
will enable them to cause the operating partnership to redeem
their limited partnership interests in exchange for cash or, at
our option, common shares on a
one-for-one
basis. The cash redemption amount per unit is based on the
market price of our common shares at the time of redemption. The
number of common shares issuable upon redemption of limited
partnership interests held by limited partners may be adjusted
upon the occurrence of certain events such as share dividends,
share subdivisions or combinations. We expect to fund any cash
redemptions out of available cash or borrowings. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, a limited partner will not be entitled to
exercise its redemption rights if the delivery of common shares
to the redeeming limited partner would:
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result in any person owning, directly or indirectly, common
shares in excess of the share ownership limit in our declaration
of trust;
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result in our common shares being owned by fewer than
100 persons (determined without reference to any rules of
attribution);
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result in our being closely held within the meaning
of Section 856(h) of the Code;
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cause us to own, actually or constructively, 10% or more of the
ownership interests in a tenant (other than a TRS) of ours, the
operating partnerships or a subsidiary partnerships
real property, within the meaning of Section 856(d)(2)(B)
of the Code;
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cause us to fail to qualify as a REIT under the Code, including,
but not limited to, as a result of any hotel management company
failing to qualify as an eligible independent contractor under
the Code; or
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cause the acquisition of common shares by such redeeming limited
partner to be integrated with any other distribution
of common shares for purposes of complying with the registration
provisions of the Securities Act.
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We may, in our sole and absolute discretion, waive any of these
restrictions.
The partnership agreement will require that the operating
partnership be operated in a manner that enables us to satisfy
the requirements for being classified as a REIT, to avoid any
federal income or excise tax liability imposed by the Code
(other than any federal income tax liability associated with our
retained capital gains) and to ensure that the partnership will
not be classified as a publicly traded partnership
taxable as a corporation under Section 7704 of the Code.
In addition to the administrative and operating costs and
expenses incurred by the operating partnership, the operating
partnership generally will pay all of our administrative costs
and expenses, including:
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all expenses relating to our continuity of existence and our
subsidiaries operations;
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all expenses relating to offerings and registration of
securities;
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all expenses associated with the preparation and filing of any
of our periodic or other reports and communications under
federal, state or local laws or regulations;
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all expenses associated with our compliance with laws, rules and
regulations promulgated by any regulatory body; and
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all of our other operating or administrative costs incurred in
the ordinary course of business on behalf of the operating
partnership.
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These expenses, however, do not include any of our
administrative and operating costs and expenses incurred that
are attributable to hotel properties that are owned by us
directly rather than by the operating partnership or its
subsidiaries.
Fiduciary
Responsibilities
Our trustees and officers have duties under applicable Maryland
law to manage us in a manner consistent with the best interests
of our shareholders. At the same time, we, as the general
partner of our operating partnership, will have fiduciary duties
to manage our operating partnership in a manner beneficial to
our operating partnership and its partners. Our duties, as
general partner to our operating partnership and its limited
partners, therefore, may come into conflict with the duties of
our trustees and officers to our shareholders. We will be under
no obligation to give priority to the separate interests of the
limited partners of our operating partnership or our
shareholders in deciding whether to cause the operating
partnership to take or decline to take any actions.
The limited partners of our operating partnership expressly will
acknowledge that as the general partner of our operating
partnership, we are acting for the benefit of the operating
partnership, the limited partners and our shareholders
collectively.
Distributions
The partnership agreement will provide that the operating
partnership will distribute cash from operations (including net
sale or refinancing proceeds, but excluding net proceeds from
the sale of the operating partnerships property in
connection with the liquidation of the operating partnership) at
such time and in such amounts as determined by us in our sole
discretion, to us and the limited partners in accordance with
their respective percentage interests in the operating
partnership.
Upon liquidation of the operating partnership, after payment of,
or adequate provision for, debts and obligations of the
partnership, including any partner loans, any remaining assets
of the
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partnership will be distributed to us and the limited partners
with positive capital accounts in accordance with their
respective positive capital account balances.
LTIP
Units
Upon completion of this offering, we will cause our operating
partnership to issue an aggregate of LTIP units to certain of
our officers. These LTIP units will vest ratably over the first
anniversaries of the date of grant. In general, LTIP units are a
class of partnership units in our operating partnership and will
receive the same quarterly per unit profit distributions as the
other outstanding units in our operating partnership. Initially,
LTIP units will not have full parity with other outstanding
units with respect to liquidating distributions. We expect that
under the terms of the LTIP units, our operating partnership
will revalue its assets upon the occurrence of certain specified
events, and any increase in valuation from the time of grant
until such event will be allocated first to the LTIP unit
holders to equalize the capital accounts of such holders with
the capital accounts of holders of our other outstanding
partnership units. Upon equalization of the capital accounts of
the LTIP unit holders with the capital accounts of the other
holders of our operating partnership units, the LTIP units will
achieve full parity with our other operating partnership units
for all purposes, including with respect to liquidating
distributions. If such parity is reached, vested LTIP units may
be converted into an equal number of operating partnership units
at any time, and thereafter enjoy all the rights of such units,
including redemption rights. However, there are circumstances
under which such parity would not be reached. Until and unless
such parity is reached, the value for a given number of vested
LTIP units will be less than the value of an equal number of our
common shares.
Allocations
Profits and losses of the partnership (including depreciation
and amortization deductions) for each fiscal year generally will
be allocated to us and the other limited partners in accordance
with the respective percentage interests in the partnership.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, upon the occurrence of certain
specified events, our operating partnership will allocate gain
on the disposition of its assets first to holders of LTIP units,
and will revalue its assets with any net increase in valuation
allocated first to the LTIP units, in each case to equalize the
capital accounts of such holders with the capital accounts of
the holders of the other outstanding units in our operating
partnership. All of the foregoing allocations are subject to
compliance with the provisions of Sections 704(b) and
704(c) of the Code and Treasury regulations promulgated
thereunder. To the extent Treasury regulations promulgated
pursuant to Section 704(c) of the Code permit, we, as the
general partner, shall have the authority to elect the method to
be used by the operating partnership for allocating items with
respect to contributed property acquired in connection with this
offering for which fair market value differs from the adjusted
tax basis at the time of contribution, and such election shall
be binding on all partners.
Term
The operating partnership will continue indefinitely, or until
sooner dissolved upon:
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our bankruptcy, dissolution, removal or withdrawal (unless the
limited partners elect to continue the partnership);
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the passage of 90 days after the sale or other disposition
of all or substantially all of the assets of the partnership;
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the redemption of all partnership units (other than those held
by us, if any); or
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an election by us in our capacity as the general partner.
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Tax
Matters
Our partnership agreement will provide that we, as the sole
general partner of the operating partnership, will be the tax
matters partner of the operating partnership and, as such, will
have authority to handle tax audits and to make tax elections
under the Code on behalf of the operating partnership.
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MATERIAL U.S.
FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
This section summarizes the material federal income tax
considerations that you, as a shareholder, may consider
relevant. Hunton & Williams LLP has acted as our
counsel, has reviewed this summary, and is of the opinion that
the discussion contained herein is accurate in all material
respects. Because this section is a summary, it does not address
all aspects of taxation that may be relevant to particular
shareholders in light of their personal investment or tax
circumstances, or to certain types of shareholders that are
subject to special treatment under the federal income tax laws,
such as:
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insurance companies;
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tax-exempt organizations (except to the limited extent discussed
in Taxation of Tax-Exempt Shareholders
below);
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financial institutions or broker-dealers;
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non-U.S. individuals
and foreign corporations (except to the limited extent discussed
in Taxation of
Non-U.S. Shareholders
below);
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U.S. expatriates;
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persons who
mark-to-market
our common shares;
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subchapter S corporations;
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U.S. shareholders (as defined below) whose functional
currency is not the U.S. dollar;
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regulated investment companies and REITs;
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trusts and estates;
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holders who receive our common shares through the exercise of
employee share options or otherwise as compensation;
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persons holding our common shares as part of a
straddle, hedge, conversion
transaction, synthetic security or other
integrated investment;
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persons subject to the alternative minimum tax provisions of the
Code; and
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persons holding our common shares through a partnership or
similar pass-through entity.
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This summary assumes that shareholders hold shares as capital
assets for federal income tax purposes, which generally means
property held for investment.
The statements in this section are based on the current federal
income tax laws, are for general information purposes only and
are not tax advice. We cannot assure you that new laws,
interpretations of law, or court decisions, any of which may
take effect retroactively, will not cause any statement in this
section to be inaccurate.
WE URGE YOU TO CONSULT YOUR OWN TAX ADVISOR REGARDING THE
SPECIFIC TAX CONSEQUENCES TO YOU OF THE PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP AND
SALE OF OUR COMMON SHARES AND OF OUR ELECTION TO BE TAXED
AS A REIT. SPECIFICALLY, YOU ARE URGED TO CONSULT YOUR OWN TAX
ADVISOR REGARDING THE FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL, FOREIGN, AND OTHER
TAX CONSEQUENCES OF SUCH PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP, SALE AND ELECTION,
AND REGARDING POTENTIAL CHANGES IN APPLICABLE TAX LAWS.
Taxation of Our
Company
We currently have in effect an election to be taxed as a
pass-through entity under subchapter S of the Code, but intend
to revoke our S election on the business day prior to the
closing date of this offering. We intend to elect to be taxed as
a REIT for federal income tax purposes commencing with our short
taxable year beginning on the business day prior to the closing
of this offering and ending December 31,
83
2010. We believe that, commencing with such short taxable year,
we will be organized and will operate in such a manner as to
qualify for taxation as a REIT under the federal income tax
laws, and we intend to continue to operate in such a manner, but
no assurances can be given that we will operate in a manner so
as to qualify or remain qualified as a REIT. This section
discusses the laws governing the federal income tax treatment of
a REIT and its shareholders. These laws are highly technical and
complex.
In connection with this offering, Hunton & Williams
LLP will render an opinion that, commencing with our short
taxable year beginning on the business day prior to the closing
of this offering and ending on December 31, 2010, we will
be organized in conformity with the requirements for
qualification and taxation as a REIT under the federal income
tax laws, and our proposed method of operations will enable us
to satisfy the requirements for qualification and taxation as a
REIT under the federal income tax laws. Investors should be
aware that Hunton & Williams LLPs opinion is
based upon customary assumptions, will be conditioned upon
certain representations made by us as to factual matters,
including representations regarding the nature of our assets and
the conduct of our business, is not binding upon the IRS, or any
court, and speaks as of the date issued. In addition,
Hunton & Williams LLPs opinion will be based on
existing federal income tax law governing qualification as a
REIT, which is subject to change either prospectively or
retroactively. Moreover, our qualification and taxation as a
REIT depend upon our ability to meet on a continuing basis,
through actual annual operating results, certain qualification
tests set forth in the federal tax laws. Those qualification
tests involve the percentage of income that we earn from
specified sources, the percentage of our assets that falls
within specified categories, the diversity of ownership of our
shares of beneficial interest, and the percentage of our
earnings that we distribute. Hunton & Williams LLP
will not review our compliance with those tests on a continuing
basis. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that our actual
results of operations for any particular taxable year will
satisfy such requirements. For a discussion of the tax
consequences of our failure to qualify as a REIT, see
Failure to Qualify.
If we qualify as a REIT, we generally will not be subject to
federal income tax on the taxable income that we distribute to
our shareholders. The benefit of that tax treatment is that it
avoids the double taxation, or taxation at both the
corporate and shareholder levels, that generally results from
owning stock in a corporation. However, we will be subject to
federal tax in the following circumstances:
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We will pay federal income tax on any taxable income, including
undistributed net capital gain, that we do not distribute to
shareholders during, or within a specified time period after,
the calendar year in which the income is earned.
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We may be subject to the alternative minimum tax on
any items of tax preference including any deductions of net
operating losses.
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We will pay income tax at the highest corporate rate on:
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net income from the sale or other disposition of property
acquired through foreclosure or after a default on a lease of
the property (foreclosure property) that we hold
primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of
business, and
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other non-qualifying income from foreclosure property.
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We will pay a 100% tax on net income from sales or other
dispositions of property, other than foreclosure property, that
we hold primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course
of business.
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If we fail to satisfy one or both of the 75% gross income test
or the 95% gross income test, as described below under
Gross Income Tests, and nonetheless
continue to qualify as a REIT because we meet other
requirements, we will pay a 100% tax on:
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the gross income attributable to the greater of the amount by
which we fail the 75% gross income test or the 95% gross income
test, in either case, multiplied by
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a fraction intended to reflect our profitability.
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If we fail to distribute during a calendar year at least the sum
of (1) 85% of our REIT ordinary income for the year,
(2) 95% of our REIT capital gain net income for the year,
and (3) any undistributed taxable income required to be
distributed from earlier periods, we will pay a 4% nondeductible
excise tax on the excess of the required distribution over the
amount we actually distributed.
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We may elect to retain and pay income tax on our net long-term
capital gain. In that case, a U.S. shareholder would be
taxed on its proportionate share of our undistributed long-term
capital gain (to the extent that we made a timely designation of
such gain to the shareholders) and would receive a credit or
refund for its proportionate share of the tax we paid.
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We will be subject to a 100% excise tax on transactions with a
TRS that are not conducted on an arms-length basis.
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In the event of a failure of any of the asset tests, other than
a de minimis failure of the 5% asset test or the 10% vote
or value test, as described below under Asset
Tests, as long as the failure was due to reasonable cause
and not to willful neglect, we file a description of each asset
that caused such failure with the IRS, and we dispose of the
assets or otherwise comply with the asset tests within six
months after the last day of the quarter in which we identify
such failure, we will pay a tax equal to the greater of $50,000
or the highest federal income tax rate then applicable to
U.S. corporations (currently 35%) on the net income from
the nonqualifying assets during the period in which we failed to
satisfy the asset tests.
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In the event we fail to satisfy one or more requirements for
REIT qualification, other than the gross income tests and the
asset tests, and such failure is due to reasonable cause and not
to willful neglect, we will be required to pay a penalty of
$50,000 for each such failure.
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If we acquire any asset from a C corporation, or a corporation
that generally is subject to full corporate-level tax, in a
merger or other transaction in which we acquire a basis in the
asset that is determined by reference either to the C
corporations basis in the asset or to another asset, we
will pay tax at the highest regular corporate rate applicable if
we recognize gain on the sale or disposition of the asset during
the 10-year
period after we acquire the asset provided no election is made
for the transaction to be taxable on a current basis. The amount
of gain on which we will pay tax is the lesser of:
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the amount of gain that we recognize at the time of the sale or
disposition, and
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the amount of gain that we would have recognized if we had sold
the asset at the time we acquired it.
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We may be required to pay monetary penalties to the IRS in
certain circumstances, including if we fail to meet
record-keeping requirements intended to monitor our compliance
with rules relating to the composition of a REITs
shareholders, as described below in
Recordkeeping Requirements.
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The earnings of our lower-tier entities that are subchapter C
corporations, including TRSs, will be subject to federal
corporate income tax.
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In addition, notwithstanding our status as a REIT, we may also
have to pay certain state and local income taxes, because not
all states and localities treat REITs in the same manner that
they are treated for federal income tax purposes. Moreover, as
further described below, TRSs will be subject to federal, state
and local corporate income tax on their taxable income.
85
Requirements for
Qualification
A REIT is a corporation, trust, or association that meets each
of the following requirements:
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1.
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It is managed by one or more directors or trustees.
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2.
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Its beneficial ownership is evidenced by transferable shares, or
by transferable certificates of beneficial interest.
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3.
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It would be taxable as a domestic corporation, but for the REIT
provisions of the federal income tax laws.
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4.
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It is neither a financial institution nor an insurance company
subject to special provisions of the federal income tax laws.
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5.
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At least 100 persons are beneficial owners of its shares or
ownership certificates.
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6.
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Not more than 50% in value of its outstanding shares or
ownership certificates is owned, directly or indirectly, by five
or fewer individuals, which the Code defines to include certain
entities, during the last half of any taxable year.
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7.
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It elects to be a REIT, or has made such election for a previous
taxable year, and satisfies all relevant filing and other
administrative requirements established by the IRS that must be
met to elect and maintain REIT status.
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8.
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It meets certain other qualification tests, described below,
regarding the nature of its income and assets and the amount of
its distributions to shareholders.
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9.
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It uses a calendar year for federal income tax purposes and
complies with the recordkeeping requirements of the federal
income tax laws.
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We must meet requirements 1 through 4, 7, 8 and 9 during our
entire taxable year and must meet requirement 5 during at least
335 days of a taxable year of 12 months, or during a
proportionate part of a taxable year of less than
12 months. Requirements 5 and 6 will apply to us beginning
with our 2011 taxable year. If we comply with all the
requirements for ascertaining the ownership of our outstanding
shares in a taxable year and have no reason to know that we
violated requirement 6, we will be deemed to have satisfied
requirement 6 for that taxable year. For purposes of determining
share ownership under requirement 6, an individual
generally includes a supplemental unemployment compensation
benefits plan, a private foundation, or a portion of a trust
permanently set aside or used exclusively for charitable
purposes. An individual, however, generally does not
include a trust that is a qualified employee pension or profit
sharing trust under the Code, and beneficiaries of such a trust
will be treated as holding our shares in proportion to their
actuarial interests in the trust for purposes of requirement 6.
Our declaration of trust provides restrictions regarding the
transfer and ownership of our shares of beneficial interest. See
Description of Shares of Beneficial Interest
Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer. We believe that we
will issue sufficient shares of beneficial interest with
sufficient diversity of ownership to allow us to satisfy
requirements 5 and 6 above. The restrictions in our declaration
of trust are intended (among other things) to assist us in
continuing to satisfy requirements 5 and 6 described above.
These restrictions, however, may not ensure that we will, in all
cases, be able to satisfy such share ownership requirements. If
we fail to satisfy these share ownership requirements, our
qualification as a REIT may terminate.
In addition, we must satisfy all relevant filing and other
administrative requirements established by the IRS that must be
met to elect and maintain REIT status and comply with the
record-keeping requirements of the Code and regulations
promulgated thereunder.
Qualified REIT Subsidiaries. A corporation
that is a qualified REIT subsidiary is not treated
as a corporation separate from its parent REIT. All assets,
liabilities, and items of income, deduction, and credit of a
qualified REIT subsidiary are treated as assets,
liabilities, and items of income, deduction,
86
and credit of the REIT. A qualified REIT subsidiary
is a corporation, other than a TRS, all of the stock of which is
owned by the REIT. Thus, in applying the requirements described
herein, any qualified REIT subsidiary that we own
will be ignored, and all assets, liabilities, and items of
income, deduction, and credit of such subsidiary will be treated
as our assets, liabilities, and items of income, deduction, and
credit.
Other Disregarded Entities and
Partnerships. An unincorporated domestic entity,
such as a partnership or limited liability company that has a
single owner, generally is not treated as an entity separate
from its parent for federal income tax purposes. An
unincorporated domestic entity with two or more owners is
generally treated as a partnership for federal income tax
purposes. In the case of a REIT that is a partner in a
partnership that has other partners, the REIT is treated as
owning its proportionate share of the assets of the partnership
and as earning its allocable share of the gross income of the
partnership for purposes of the applicable REIT qualification
tests. Our proportionate share for purposes of the 10% value
test (see Asset Tests) will be based on
our proportionate interest in the equity interests and certain
debt securities issued by the partnership. For all of the other
asset and income tests, our proportionate share will be based on
our proportionate interest in the capital interests in the
partnership. Our proportionate share of the assets, liabilities,
and items of income of any partnership, joint venture, or
limited liability company that is treated as a partnership for
federal income tax purposes in which we acquire an equity
interest, directly or indirectly, will be treated as our assets
and gross income for purposes of applying the various REIT
qualification requirements.
Taxable REIT Subsidiaries. A REIT may own up
to 100% of the capital stock of one or more TRSs. A TRS is a
fully taxable corporation that may earn income that would not be
qualifying income if earned directly by the parent REIT. The
subsidiary and the REIT must jointly elect to treat the
subsidiary as a TRS. A corporation of which a TRS directly or
indirectly owns more than 35% of the voting power or value of
the stock will automatically be treated as a TRS. However, an
entity will not qualify as a TRS if it directly or indirectly
operates or manages a lodging or health care facility or,
generally, provides to another person under a franchise,
license, or otherwise, rights to any brand name under which any
lodging facility or health care facility is operated, unless
such rights are provided to an eligible independent
contractor (as defined below under Gross
Income Tests Rents from Real Property) to
operate or manage a lodging facility or health care facility and
such lodging facility or health care facility is either owned by
the TRS or leased to the TRS by its parent REIT. Additionally, a
TRS that employs individuals working at a qualified lodging
facility located outside the United States will not be
considered to operate or manage a qualified lodging facility as
long as an eligible independent contractor is
responsible for the daily supervision and direction of such
individuals on behalf of the TRS pursuant to a management
agreement or similar service contract.
We are not treated as holding the assets of a TRS or as
receiving any income that the subsidiary earns. Rather, the
stock issued by a TRS to us is an asset in our hands, and we
treat the distributions paid to us from such taxable subsidiary,
if any, as dividend income. This treatment can affect our
compliance with the gross income and asset tests. Because we do
not include the assets and income of TRSs in determining our
compliance with the REIT requirements, we may use such entities
to undertake indirectly activities that the REIT rules might
otherwise preclude us from doing directly or through
pass-through subsidiaries. Overall, no more than 25% of the
value of a REITs assets may consist of stock or securities
of one or more TRSs.
A TRS will pay income tax at regular corporate rates on any
income that it earns. In addition, the TRS rules limit the
deductibility of interest paid or accrued by a TRS to its parent
REIT to assure that the TRS is subject to an appropriate level
of corporate taxation. Further, the rules impose a 100% excise
tax on transactions between a TRS and its parent REIT or the
REITs tenants that are not conducted on an
arms-length basis. We have formed Chatham TRS Holding,
Inc., whose wholly owned subsidiaries will be the lessees of our
hotel properties. See Taxable REIT
Subsidiaries.
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Gross Income
Tests
We must satisfy two gross income tests annually to maintain our
qualification as a REIT. First, at least 75% of our gross income
for each taxable year must consist of defined types of income
that we derive, directly or indirectly, from investments
relating to real property or mortgages on real property or
qualified temporary investment income. Qualifying income for
purposes of that 75% gross income test generally includes:
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rents from real property;
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interest on debt secured by mortgages on real property, or on
interests in real property;
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dividends or other distributions on, and gain from the sale of,
shares in other REITs;
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gain from the sale of real estate assets; and
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income derived from the temporary investment in stock and debt
investments purchased with the proceeds from the issuance of our
shares of beneficial interest or a public offering of our debt
with a maturity date of at least five years and that we receive
during the one-year period beginning on the date on which we
received such new capital.
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Second, in general, at least 95% of our gross income for each
taxable year must consist of income that is qualifying income
for purposes of the 75% gross income test, other types of
interest and dividends, gain from the sale or disposition of
shares or securities, or any combination of these. Gross income
from our sale of property that we hold primarily for sale to
customers in the ordinary course of business is excluded from
both the numerator and the denominator in both gross income
tests. In addition, income and gain from hedging
transactions that we enter into to hedge indebtedness
incurred or to be incurred to acquire or carry real estate
assets and that are clearly and timely identified as such will
be excluded from both the numerator and the denominator for
purposes of the 75% and 95% gross income tests. In addition,
certain foreign currency gains will be excluded from gross
income for purposes of one or both of the gross income tests.
See Foreign Currency Gain below. The
following paragraphs discuss the specific application of the
gross income tests to us.
Rents from Real Property. Rent that we receive
from our real property will qualify as rents from real
property, which is qualifying income for purposes of the
75% and 95% gross income tests, only if the following conditions
are met:
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First, the rent must not be based, in whole or in part, on the
income or profits of any person, but may be based on a fixed
percentage or percentages of receipts or sales.
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Second, neither we nor a direct or indirect owner of 10% or more
of our shares of beneficial interest may own, actually or
constructively, 10% or more of a tenant from whom we receive
rent, other than a TRS. If the tenant is a TRS and the property
is a qualified lodging facility, such TRS may not
directly or indirectly operate or manage such property. Instead,
the property must be operated on behalf of the TRS by a person
who qualifies as an independent contractor and who
is, or is related to a person who is, actively engaged in the
trade or business of operating lodging facilities for any person
unrelated to us and the TRS. See Taxable REIT
Subsidiaries.
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Third, if the rent attributable to personal property leased in
connection with a lease of real property is 15% or less of the
total rent received under the lease, then the rent attributable
to personal property will qualify as rents from real property.
However, if the 15% threshold is exceeded, the rent attributable
to personal property will not qualify as rents from real
property.
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Fourth, we generally must not operate or manage our real
property or furnish or render services to our tenants, other
than certain customary services provided to tenants through an
independent contractor who is adequately compensated
and from whom we do not derive revenue. Furthermore, we may own
up to 100% of the stock of a TRS
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which may provide customary and noncustomary services to our
tenants without tainting our rental income for the related
properties. We need not provide services through an
independent contractor or a TRS, but instead may
provide services directly to our tenants, if the services are
usually or customarily rendered in connection with
the rental of space for occupancy only and are not considered to
be provided for the tenants convenience. In addition, we
may provide a minimal amount of services not described in the
prior sentence to the tenants of a property, other than through
an independent contractor or a TRS, as long as our income from
the services (valued at not less than 150% of our direct cost of
performing such services) does not exceed 1% of our income from
the related property. See Taxable REIT
Subsidiaries.
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Our TRS lessees will lease from our operating partnership and
its subsidiaries the land, buildings, improvements, furnishings
and equipment comprising our hotel properties. In order for the
rent paid under the leases to constitute rents from real
property, the leases must be respected as true leases for
federal income tax purposes and not treated as service
contracts, joint ventures or some other type of arrangement. The
determination of whether our leases are true leases depends on
an analysis of all the surrounding facts and circumstances. In
making such a determination, courts have considered a variety of
factors, including the following:
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the intent of the parties;
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the form of the agreement;
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the degree of control over the property that is retained by the
property owner (for example, whether the lessee has substantial
control over the operation of the property or whether the lessee
was required simply to use its best efforts to perform its
obligations under the agreement); and
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the extent to which the property owner retains the risk of loss
with respect to the property (for example, whether the lessee
bears the risk of increases in operating expenses or the risk of
damage to the property) or the potential for economic gain with
respect to the property.
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In addition, the federal income tax law provides that a contract
that purports to be a service contract or a partnership
agreement is treated instead as a lease of property if the
contract is properly treated as such, taking into account all
relevant factors. Since the determination of whether a service
contract should be treated as a lease is inherently factual, the
presence or absence of any single factor may not be dispositive
in every case.
We currently intend to structure our leases so that they qualify
as true leases for federal income tax purposes. For example,
with respect to each lease, we generally expect that:
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our operating partnership and the lessee will intend for their
relationship to be that of a lessor and lessee, and such
relationship will be documented by a lease agreement;
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the lessee will have the right to exclusive possession and use
and quiet enjoyment of the hotels covered by the lease during
the term of the lease;
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the lessee will bear the cost of, and will be responsible for,
day-to-day
maintenance and repair of the hotels other than the cost of
certain capital expenditures, and will dictate through hotel
managers that are eligible independent contractors, who will
work for the lessee during the terms of the lease, and generally
will dictate how the hotels will be operated and maintained;
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the lessee will bear all of the costs and expenses of operating
the hotels, including the cost of any inventory used in their
operation, during the term of the lease, other than real estate
and personal property taxes and the cost of certain furniture,
fixtures and equipment, and certain capital expenditures;
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the lessee will benefit from any savings and will bear the
burdens of any increases in the costs of operating the hotels
during the term of the lease;
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in the event of damage or destruction to a hotel, the lessee
will be at economic risk because it will bear the economic
burden of the loss in income from operation of the hotels
subject to the right, in certain circumstances, to terminate the
lease if the lessor does not restore the hotel to its prior
condition;
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the lessee will generally indemnify the lessor against all
liabilities imposed on the lessor during the term of the lease
by reason of (A) injury to persons or damage to property
occurring at the hotels or (B) the lessees use,
management, maintenance or repair of the hotels;
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the lessee will be obligated to pay, at a minimum, substantial
base rent for the period of use of the hotels under the lease;
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the lessee will stand to incur substantial losses or reap
substantial gains depending on how successfully it, through the
hotel managers, who work for the lessees during the terms of the
leases, operates the hotels;
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we expect that each lease that we enter into, at the time we
enter into it (or at any time that any such lease is
subsequently renewed or extended) will enable the tenant to
derive a meaningful profit, after expenses and taking into
account the risks associated with the lease, from the operation
of the hotels during the term of its leases; and
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upon termination of each lease, the applicable hotel will be
expected to have a substantial remaining useful life and
substantial remaining fair market value.
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Investors should be aware that there are no controlling Treasury
regulations, published rulings or judicial decisions involving
leases with terms substantially the same as our leases that
discuss whether such leases constitute true leases for federal
income tax purposes. If our leases are characterized as service
contracts or partnership agreements, rather than as true leases,
part or all of the payments that our operating partnership and
its subsidiaries receive from the TRS lessees may not be
considered rent or may not otherwise satisfy the various
requirements for qualification as rents from real
property. In that case, we likely would not be able to
satisfy either the 75% or 95% gross income test and, as a
result, would lose our REIT status unless we qualify for relief,
as described below under Failure to Satisfy
Gross Income Tests.
As described above, in order for the rent that we receive to
constitute rents from real property, several other
requirements must be satisfied. One requirement is that
percentage rent must not be based in whole or in part on the
income or profits of any person. Percentage rent, however, will
qualify as rents from real property if it is based
on percentages of receipts or sales and the percentages:
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are fixed at the time the percentage leases are entered into;
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are not renegotiated during the term of the percentage leases in
a manner that has the effect of basing percentage rent on income
or profits; and
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conform with normal business practice.
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More generally, percentage rent will not qualify as rents
from real property if, considering the leases and all the
surrounding circumstances, the arrangement does not conform with
normal business practice, but is in reality used as a means of
basing the percentage rent on income or profits.
Second, we must not own, actually or constructively, 10% or more
of the shares or the assets or net profits of any lessee (a
related party tenant), other than a TRS. The
constructive ownership rules generally provide that, if 10% or
more in value of our shares of beneficial interest is owned,
directly or indirectly, by or for any person, we are considered
as owning the shares owned, directly or
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indirectly, by or for such person. We anticipate that all of our
hotels will be leased to TRSs. In addition, our declaration of
trust prohibits transfers of our shares of beneficial interest
that would cause us to own actually or constructively, 10% or
more of the ownership interests in any non-TRS lessee. Based on
the foregoing, we should never own, actually or constructively,
10% or more of any lessee other than a TRS. However, because the
constructive ownership rules are broad and it is not possible to
monitor continually direct and indirect transfers of our shares
of beneficial interest, no absolute assurance can be given that
such transfers or other events of which we have no knowledge
will not cause us to own constructively 10% or more of a lessee
(or a subtenant, in which case only rent attributable to the
subtenant is disqualified) other than a TRS at some future date.
As described above, we may own up to 100% of the capital stock
of one or more TRSs. A TRS is a fully taxable corporation that
generally may engage in any business, including the provision of
customary or noncustomary services to tenants of its parent
REIT, except that a TRS may not directly or indirectly operate
or manage any lodging facilities or health care facilities or
provide rights to any brand name under which any lodging or
health care facility is operated, unless such rights are
provided to an eligible independent contractor to
operate or manage a lodging or health care facility if such
rights are held by the TRS as a franchisee, licensee, or in a
similar capacity and such hotel is either owned by the TRS or
leased to the TRS by its parent REIT. A TRS will not be
considered to operate or manage a qualified lodging facility
solely because the TRS directly or indirectly possesses a
license, permit, or similar instrument enabling it to do so.
Additionally, a TRS that employs individuals working at a
qualified lodging facility outside the United States will not be
considered to operate or manage a qualified lodging facility
located outside of the United States, as long as an
eligible independent contractor is responsible for
the daily supervision and direction of such individuals on
behalf of the TRS pursuant to a management agreement or similar
service contract. However, rent that we receive from a TRS with
respect to any property will qualify as rents from real
property as long as the property is a qualified
lodging facility and such property is operated on behalf
of the TRS by a person from whom we derive no income who is
adequately compensated, who does not, directly or through its
shareholders, own more than 35% of our shares, taking into
account certain ownership attribution rules, and who is, or is
related to a person who is, actively engaged in the trade or
business of operating qualified lodging facilities
for any person unrelated to us and the TRS lessee (an
eligible independent contractor). A qualified
lodging facility is a hotel, motel, or other establishment
more than one-half of the dwelling units in which are used on a
transient basis, unless wagering activities are conducted at or
in connection with such facility by any person who is engaged in
the business of accepting wagers and who is legally authorized
to engage in such business at or in connection with such
facility. A qualified lodging facility includes
customary amenities and facilities operated as part of, or
associated with, the lodging facility as long as such amenities
and facilities are customary for other properties of a
comparable size and class owned by other unrelated owners. See
Taxable REIT Subsidiaries.
Our TRS lessees will lease our hotel properties, which we
believe will constitute qualified lodging facilities. Our TRS
lessees will engage independent third-party hotel managers, such
as IHM and Hilton Hotels Corporation and its affiliates, that
qualify as eligible independent contractors to
operate the related hotels on behalf of such TRS lessees.
Third, the rent attributable to the personal property leased in
connection with the lease of a hotel must not be greater than
15% of the total rent received under the lease. The rent
attributable to the personal property contained in a hotel is
the amount that bears the same ratio to total rent for the
taxable year as the average of the fair market values of the
personal property at the beginning and at the end of the taxable
year bears to the average of the aggregate fair market values of
both the real and personal property contained in the hotel at
the beginning and at the end of such taxable year (the
personal property ratio). To comply with this
limitation, a TRS lessee may acquire furnishings, equipment and
other personal property. With respect to each hotel in which the
TRS lessee does not own the personal property, we believe either
that the personal property ratio will be less than 15% or that
any rent attributable to excess personal property will not
jeopardize our ability to qualify as a REIT.
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There can be no assurance, however, that the IRS would not
challenge our calculation of a personal property ratio, or that
a court would not uphold such assertion. If such a challenge
were successfully asserted, we could fail to satisfy the 75% or
95% gross income test and thus potentially lose our REIT status.
Fourth, we generally cannot furnish or render services to the
tenants of our hotels, or manage or operate our properties,
other than through an independent contractor who is adequately
compensated and from whom we do not derive or receive any
income. Furthermore, our TRSs may provide customary and
noncustomary services to our tenants without tainting our rental
income from such properties. However, we need not provide
services through an independent contractor or TRS
but instead may provide services directly to our tenants, if the
services are usually or customarily rendered in
connection with the rental of space for occupancy only and are
not considered to be provided for the tenants convenience.
In addition, we may provide a minimal amount of
noncustomary services to the tenants of a property,
other than through an independent contractor or a TRS, as long
as our income from the services does not exceed 1% of our income
from the related property. We will not perform any services
other than customary ones for our lessees, unless such services
are provided through independent contractors or TRSs or would
not otherwise jeopardize our tax status as a REIT.
If a portion of the rent that we receive from a hotel does not
qualify as rents from real property because the rent
attributable to personal property exceeds 15% of the total rent
for a taxable year, the portion of the rent that is attributable
to personal property will not be qualifying income for purposes
of either the 75% or 95% gross income test. Thus, if such rent
attributable to personal property, plus any other income that is
nonqualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test,
during a taxable year exceeds 5% of our gross income during the
year, we would lose our REIT qualification. If, however, the
rent from a particular hotel does not qualify as rents
from real property because either (1) the percentage
rent is considered based on the income or profits of the related
lessee, (2) the lessee either is a related party tenant or
fails to qualify for the exception to the related party tenant
rule for qualifying TRSs or (3) we furnish noncustomary
services to the tenants of the hotel, or manage or operate the
hotel, other than through a qualifying independent contractor or
a TRS, none of the rent from that hotel would qualify as
rents from real property. In that case, we might
lose our REIT qualification because we might be unable to
satisfy either the 75% or 95% gross income test. In addition to
the rent, the lessees will be required to pay certain additional
charges. To the extent that such additional charges represent
either (1) reimbursements of amounts that we are obligated
to pay to third parties, such as a lessees proportionate
share of a propertys operational or capital expenses, or
(2) penalties for nonpayment or late payment of such
amounts, such charges should qualify as rents from real
property. However, to the extent that such charges do not
qualify as rents from real property, they instead
may be treated as interest that qualifies for the 95% gross
income test, but not the 75% gross income test, or they may be
treated as nonqualifying income for purposes of both gross
income tests. We intend to structure our leases in a manner that
will enable us to satisfy the REIT gross income tests.
Interest. The term interest
generally does not include any amount received or accrued,
directly or indirectly, if the determination of such amount
depends in whole or in part on the income or profits of any
person. However, interest generally includes the following:
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an amount that is based on a fixed percentage or percentages of
receipts or sales; and
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an amount that is based on the income or profits of a debtor, as
long as the debtor derives substantially all of its income from
the real property securing the debt from leasing substantially
all of its interest in the property, and only to the extent that
the amounts received by the debtor would be qualifying
rents from real property if received directly by a
REIT.
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If a loan contains a provision that entitles a REIT to a
percentage of the borrowers gain upon the sale of the real
property securing the loan or a percentage of the appreciation
in the propertys
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value as of a specific date, income attributable to that loan
provision will be treated as gain from the sale of the property
securing the loan, which generally is qualifying income for
purposes of both gross income tests.
We may invest opportunistically from time to time in mortgage
debt and mezzanine loans when we believe our investment will
allow us to acquire control of the related real estate. Interest
on debt secured by a mortgage on real property or on interests
in real property, including, for this purpose, discount points,
prepayment penalties, loan assumption fees, and late payment
charges that are not compensation for services, generally is
qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test.
However, if a loan is secured by real property and other
property and the highest principal amount of a loan outstanding
during a taxable year exceeds the fair market value of the real
property securing the loan as of the date the REIT agreed to
acquire the loan, a portion of the interest income from such
loan will not be qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross
income test, but will be qualifying income for purposes of the
95% gross income test. The portion of the interest income that
will not be qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross
income test will be equal to the portion of the principal amount
of the loan that is not secured by real property
that is, the amount by which the loan exceeds the value of the
real estate that is security for the loan.
Mezzanine loans are loans secured by equity interests in an
entity that directly or indirectly owns real property, rather
than by a direct mortgage of the real property. IRS Revenue
Procedure
2003-65
provides a safe harbor pursuant to which a mezzanine loan, if it
meets each of the requirements contained in the Revenue
Procedure, will be treated by the IRS as a real estate asset for
purposes of the REIT asset tests described below, and interest
derived from it will be treated as qualifying mortgage interest
for purposes of the 75% gross income test. Although the Revenue
Procedure provides a safe harbor on which taxpayers may rely, it
does not prescribe rules of substantive tax law. Moreover, we
anticipate that the mezzanine loans we will acquire typically
will not meet all of the requirements for reliance on this safe
harbor. We intend to invest in mezzanine loans in manner that
will enable us to continue to satisfy the gross income and asset
tests.
Dividends. Our share of any dividends received
from any corporation (including any TRS, but excluding any REIT)
in which we own an equity interest will qualify for purposes of
the 95% gross income test but not for purposes of the 75% gross
income test. Our share of any dividends received from any other
REIT in which we own an equity interest, if any, will be
qualifying income for purposes of both gross income tests.
Prohibited Transactions. A REIT will incur a
100% tax on the net income (including foreign currency gain)
derived from any sale or other disposition of property, other
than foreclosure property, that the REIT holds primarily for
sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business.
We believe that none of our assets will be held primarily for
sale to customers and that a sale of any of our assets will not
be in the ordinary course of our business. Whether a REIT holds
an asset primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary
course of a trade or business depends, however, on the
facts and circumstances in effect from time to time, including
those related to a particular asset. A safe harbor to the
characterization of the sale of property by a REIT as a
prohibited transaction and the 100% prohibited transaction tax
is available if the following requirements are met:
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the REIT has held the property for not less than two years;
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the aggregate expenditures made by the REIT, or any partner of
the REIT, during the two-year period preceding the date of the
sale that are includable in the basis of the property do not
exceed 30% of the selling prince of the property;
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either (1) during the year in question, the REIT did not
make more than seven sales of property other than foreclosure
property or sales to which Section 1033 of the Code
applies, (2) the aggregate adjusted bases of all such
properties sold by the REIT during the year did not exceed 10%
of the aggregate bases of all of the assets of the REIT at the
beginning of the year or (3) the aggregate fair market
value of all such properties sold by
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the REIT during the year did not exceed 10% of the aggregate
fair market value of all of the assets of the REIT at the
beginning of the year;
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in the case of property not acquired through foreclosure or
lease termination, the REIT has held the property for at least
two years for the production of rental income; and
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if the REIT has made more than seven sales of non-foreclosure
property during the taxable year, substantially all of the
marketing and development expenditures with respect to the
property were made through an independent contractor from whom
the REIT derives no income.
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We will attempt to comply with the terms of safe-harbor
provision in the federal income tax laws prescribing when an
asset sale will not be characterized as a prohibited
transaction. We cannot assure you, however, that we can comply
with the safe-harbor provision or that we will avoid owning
property that may be characterized as property that we hold
primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of
a trade or business. The 100% tax will not apply to gains
from the sale of property that is held through a TRS or other
taxable corporation, although such income will be taxed to the
corporation at regular corporate income tax rates.
Foreclosure Property. We will be subject to
tax at the maximum corporate rate on any income from foreclosure
property, which includes certain foreign currency gains and
related deductions, other than income that otherwise would be
qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test,
less expenses directly connected with the production of that
income. However, gross income from foreclosure property will
qualify under the 75% and 95% gross income tests. Foreclosure
property is any real property, including interests in real
property, and any personal property incident to such real
property:
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that is acquired by a REIT as the result of the REIT having bid
on such property at foreclosure, or having otherwise reduced
such property to ownership or possession by agreement or process
of law, after there was a default or default was imminent on a
lease of such property or on indebtedness that such property
secured;
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for which the related loan was acquired by the REIT at a time
when the default was not imminent or anticipated; and
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for which the REIT makes a proper election to treat the property
as foreclosure property.
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A REIT will not be considered to have foreclosed on a property
where the REIT takes control of the property as a
mortgagee-in-possession
and cannot receive any profit or sustain any loss except as a
creditor of the mortgagor. Property generally ceases to be
foreclosure property at the end of the third taxable year
following the taxable year in which the REIT acquired the
property, or longer if an extension is granted by the Secretary
of the Treasury. However, this grace period terminates and
foreclosure property ceases to be foreclosure property on the
first day:
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on which a lease is entered into for the property that, by its
terms, will give rise to income that does not qualify for
purposes of the 75% gross income test, or any amount is received
or accrued, directly or indirectly, pursuant to a lease entered
into on or after such day that will give rise to income that
does not qualify for purposes of the 75% gross income test;
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on which any construction takes place on the property, other
than completion of a building or any other improvement, where
more than 10% of the construction was completed before default
became imminent; or
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which is more than 90 days after the day on which the REIT
acquired the property and the property is used in a trade or
business which is conducted by the REIT, other than through an
independent contractor from whom the REIT itself does not derive
or receive any income.
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Hedging Transactions. From time to time, we or
our operating partnership may enter into hedging transactions
with respect to one or more of our assets or liabilities. Our
hedging activities may include entering into interest rate
swaps, caps, and floors, options to purchase such items, and
futures and forward contracts. Income and gain from
hedging transactions will be excluded from gross
income for purposes of both the 75% and 95% gross income tests.
A hedging transaction means either (1) any
transaction entered into in the normal course of our or our
operating partnerships trade or business primarily to
manage the risk of interest rate changes, price changes, or
currency fluctuations with respect to borrowings made or to be
made, or ordinary obligations incurred or to be incurred, to
acquire or carry real estate assets and (2) any transaction
entered into primarily to manage the risk of currency
fluctuations with respect to any item of income or gain that
would be qualifying income under the 75% or 95% gross income
test (or any property which generates such income or gain). We
are required to clearly identify any such hedging transaction
before the close of the day on which it was acquired or entered
into and to satisfy other identification requirements. We intend
to structure any hedging transactions in a manner that does not
jeopardize our qualification as a REIT.
Foreign Currency Gain. Certain foreign
currency gains will be excluded from gross income for purposes
of one or both of the gross income tests. Real estate
foreign exchange gain will be excluded from gross income
for purposes of the 75% gross income test. Real estate foreign
exchange gain generally includes foreign currency gain
attributable to any item of income or gain that is qualifying
income for purposes of the 75% gross income test, foreign
currency gain attributable to the acquisition or ownership of
(or becoming or being the obligor under) obligations secured by
mortgages on real property or on interests in real property and
certain foreign currency gain attributable to certain
qualified business units of a REIT. Passive
foreign exchange gain will be excluded from gross income
for purposes of the 95% gross income test. Passive foreign
exchange gain generally includes real estate foreign exchange
gain as described above, and also includes foreign currency gain
attributable to any item of income or gain that is qualifying
income for purposes of the 95% gross income test and foreign
currency gain attributable to the acquisition or ownership of
(or becoming or being the obligor under) obligations. Because
passive foreign exchange gain includes real estate foreign
exchange gain, real estate foreign exchange gain is excluded
from gross income for purposes of both the 75% and 95% gross
income tests. These exclusions for real estate foreign exchange
gain and passive foreign exchange gain do not apply to any
certain foreign currency gain derived from dealing, or engaging
in substantial and regular trading, in securities. Such gain is
treated as nonqualifying income for purposes of both the 75% and
95% gross income tests.
Failure to Satisfy Gross Income Tests. If we
fail to satisfy one or both of the gross income tests for any
taxable year, we nevertheless may qualify as a REIT for that
year if we qualify for relief under certain provisions of the
federal income tax laws. Those relief provisions are available
if:
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our failure to meet those tests is due to reasonable cause and
not to willful neglect; and
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following such failure for any taxable year, we file a schedule
of the sources of our income in accordance with regulations
prescribed by the Secretary of the U.S. Treasury.
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We cannot predict, however, whether in all circumstances we
would qualify for the relief provisions. In addition, as
discussed above in Taxation of Our
Company, even if the relief provisions apply, we would
incur a 100% tax on the gross income attributable to the greater
of the amount by which we fail the 75% gross income test or the
95% gross income test multiplied, in either case, by a fraction
intended to reflect our profitability.
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Asset
Tests
To qualify as a REIT, we also must satisfy the following asset
tests at the end of each quarter of each taxable year.
First, at least 75% of the value of our total assets must
consist of:
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cash or cash items, including certain receivables and, in
certain circumstances, foreign currencies;
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government securities;
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interests in real property, including leaseholds and options to
acquire real property and leaseholds;
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interests in mortgages loans secured by real property;
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stock in other REITs; and
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investments in stock or debt instruments during the one-year
period following our receipt of new capital that we raise
through equity offerings or public offerings of debt with at
least a five-year term.
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Second, of our investments not included in the 75% asset class,
the value of our interest in any one issuers securities
may not exceed 5% of the value of our total assets, or the 5%
asset test.
Third, of our investments not included in the 75% asset class,
we may not own more than 10% of the voting power or value of any
one issuers outstanding securities, or the 10% vote or
value test.
Fourth, no more than 25% of the value of our total assets may
consist of the securities of one or more TRSs.
Fifth, no more than 25% of the value of our total assets may
consist of the securities of TRSs and other non-TRS taxable
subsidiaries and other assets that are not qualifying assets for
purposes of the 75% asset test, or the 25% securities test.
For purposes of the 5% asset test and the 10% vote or value
test, the term securities does not include shares in
another REIT, equity or debt securities of a qualified REIT
subsidiary or TRS, mortgage loans that constitute real estate
assets, or equity interests in a partnership. The term
securities, however, generally includes debt
securities issued by a partnership or another REIT, except that
for purposes of the 10% value test, the term
securities does not include:
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Straight debt securities, which is defined as a
written unconditional promise to pay on demand or on a specified
date a sum certain in money if (i) the debt is not
convertible, directly or indirectly, into equity, and
(ii) the interest rate and interest payment dates are not
contingent on profits, the borrowers discretion, or
similar factors. Straight debt securities do not
include any securities issued by a partnership or a corporation
in which we or any controlled TRS (i.e., a TRS in which
we own directly or indirectly more than 50% of the voting power
or value of the stock) hold non-straight debt
securities that have an aggregate value of more than 1% of the
issuers outstanding securities. However, straight
debt securities include debt subject to the following
contingencies:
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a contingency relating to the time of payment of interest or
principal, as long as either (i) there is no change to the
effective yield of the debt obligation, other than a change to
the annual yield that does not exceed the greater of 0.25% or 5%
of the annual yield, or (ii) neither the aggregate issue
price nor the aggregate face amount of the issuers debt
obligations held by us exceeds $1 million and no more than
12 months of unaccrued interest on the debt obligations can
be required to be prepaid; and
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a contingency relating to the time or amount of payment upon a
default or prepayment of a debt obligation, as long as the
contingency is consistent with customary commercial practice;
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Any loan to an individual or an estate;
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Any section 467 rental agreement, other
than an agreement with a related party tenant;
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Any obligation to pay rents from real property;
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Certain securities issued by governmental entities;
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Any security issued by a REIT;
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Any debt instrument issued by an entity treated as a partnership
for federal income tax purposes in which we are a partner to the
extent of our proportionate interest in the equity and debt
securities of the partnership; and
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Any debt instrument issued by an entity treated as a partnership
for federal income tax purposes not described in the preceding
bullet points if at least 75% of the partnerships gross
income, excluding income from prohibited transactions, is
qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test
described above in Gross Income Tests.
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For purposes of the 10% value test, our proportionate share of
the assets of a partnership is our proportionate interest in any
securities issued by the partnership, without regard to the
securities described in the last two bullet points above.
As described above, we may, on a select basis, invest in
mezzanine loans. Although we expect that our investments in
mezzanine loans will generally be treated as real estate assets,
we anticipate that the mezzanine loans in which we invest will
not meet all the requirements of the safe harbor in IRS Revenue
Procedure
2003-65.
Thus no assurance can be provided that the IRS will not
challenge our treatment of mezzanine loans as real estate
assets. We intend to invest in mezzanine loans in a manner that
will enable us to continue to satisfy the asset and gross income
test requirements.
We will monitor the status of our assets for purposes of the
various asset tests and will manage our portfolio in order to
comply at all times with such tests. If we fail to satisfy the
asset tests at the end of a calendar quarter, we will not lose
our REIT qualification if:
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we satisfied the asset tests at the end of the preceding
calendar quarter; and
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the discrepancy between the value of our assets and the asset
test requirements arose from changes in the market values of our
assets and was not wholly or partly caused by the acquisition of
one or more non-qualifying assets.
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If we did not satisfy the condition described in the second
item, above, we still could avoid disqualification by
eliminating any discrepancy within 30 days after the close
of the calendar quarter in which it arose.
In the event that we violate the 5% asset test or the 10% vote
or value test described above, we will not lose our REIT
qualification if (1) the failure is de minimis (up
to the lesser of 1% of our assets or $10 million) and
(2) we dispose of assets or otherwise comply with the asset
tests within six months after the last day of the quarter in
which we identify such failure. In the event of a failure of any
of the asset tests (other than de minimis failures
described in the preceding sentence), as long as the failure was
due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect, we will not
lose our REIT status if we (1) dispose of assets or
otherwise comply with the asset tests within six months after
the last day of the quarter in which we identify the failure,
(2) we file a description of each asset causing the failure
with the IRS and (3) pay a tax equal to the greater of
$50,000 or the highest corporate tax rate multiplied by the net
income from the nonqualifying assets during the period in which
we failed to satisfy the asset tests.
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We believe that the assets that we will hold will satisfy the
foregoing asset test requirements. However, we will not obtain
independent appraisals to support our conclusions as to the
value of our assets and securities, or the real estate
collateral for the mortgage or mezzanine loans that support our
investments. Moreover, the values of some assets may not be
susceptible to a precise determination. As a result, there can
be no assurance that the IRS will not contend that our ownership
of securities and other assets violates one or more of the asset
tests applicable to REITs.
Distribution
Requirements
Each taxable year, we must distribute dividends, other than
capital gain dividends and deemed distributions of retained
capital gain, to our shareholders in an aggregate amount at
least equal to:
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90% of our REIT taxable income, computed without
regard to the dividends paid deduction and our net capital gain
or loss; and
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90% of our after-tax net income, if any, from foreclosure
property, minus
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the excess of the sum of certain items of non-cash income over
5% of our REIT taxable income.
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We must pay such distributions in the taxable year to which they
relate, or in the following taxable year if either (a) we
declare the distribution before we timely file our federal
income tax return for the year and pay the distribution on or
before the first regular dividend payment date after such
declaration or (b) we declare the distribution in October,
November or December of the taxable year, payable to
shareholders of record on a specified day in any such month, and
we actually pay the dividend before the end of January of the
following year. The distributions under clause (a) are
taxable to the shareholders in the year in which paid, and the
distributions in clause (b) are treated as paid on
December 31st of the prior taxable year. In both
instances, these distributions relate to our prior taxable year
for purposes of the 90% distribution requirement.
We will pay federal income tax on taxable income, including net
capital gain, that we do not distribute to shareholders.
Furthermore, if we fail to distribute during a calendar year, or
by the end of January following the calendar year in the case of
distributions with declaration and record dates falling in the
last three months of the calendar year, at least the sum of:
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85% of our REIT ordinary income for such year,
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95% of our REIT capital gain income for such year, and
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any undistributed taxable income from prior periods,
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we will incur a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the excess of
such required distribution over the amounts we actually
distribute.
We may elect to retain and pay income tax on the net long-term
capital gain we receive in a taxable year. If we so elect, we
will be treated as having distributed any such retained amount
for purposes of the 4% nondeductible excise tax described above.
We intend to make timely distributions sufficient to satisfy the
annual distribution requirements and to avoid corporate income
tax and the 4% nondeductible excise tax.
It is possible that, from time to time, we may experience timing
differences between the actual receipt of income and actual
payment of deductible expenses and the inclusion of that income
and deduction of such expenses in arriving at our REIT taxable
income. For example, we may not deduct recognized capital losses
from our REIT taxable income. Further, it is
possible that, from time to time, we may be allocated a share of
net capital gain attributable to the sale of depreciated
property that exceeds our allocable share of cash attributable
to that sale. As a result of the foregoing, we may have less
cash than is necessary to distribute taxable income sufficient
to avoid corporate income tax and
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the excise tax imposed on certain undistributed income or even
to meet the 90% distribution requirement. In such a situation,
we may need to borrow funds or, if possible, pay taxable
dividends of our shares of beneficial interest or debt
securities.
Under certain circumstances, we may be able to correct a failure
to meet the distribution requirement for a year by paying
deficiency dividends to our shareholders in a later
year. We may include such deficiency dividends in our deduction
for dividends paid for the earlier year. Although we may be able
to avoid income tax on amounts distributed as deficiency
dividends, we will be required to pay interest to the IRS based
upon the amount of any deduction we take for deficiency
dividends.
Recordkeeping
Requirements
We must maintain certain records in order to qualify as a REIT.
In addition, to avoid a monetary penalty, we must request on an
annual basis information from our shareholders designed to
disclose the actual ownership of our outstanding shares of
beneficial interest. We intend to comply with these requirements.
Failure to
Qualify
If we fail to satisfy one or more requirements for REIT
qualification, other than the gross income tests and the asset
tests (for which the cure provisions are described above), we
could avoid disqualification if our failure is due to reasonable
cause and not to willful neglect and we pay a penalty of $50,000
for each such failure. In addition, there are relief provisions
for a failure of the gross income tests and asset tests, as
described in Gross Income Tests and
Asset Tests.
If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, and no
relief provision applies, we would be subject to federal income
tax and any applicable alternative minimum tax on our taxable
income at regular corporate rates. In calculating our taxable
income in a year in which we fail to qualify as a REIT, we would
not be able to deduct amounts paid out to shareholders. In fact,
we would not be required to distribute any amounts to
shareholders in that year. In such event, to the extent of our
current and accumulated earnings and profits, all distributions
to shareholders would be taxable as dividend income. Subject to
certain limitations, corporate shareholders might be eligible
for the dividends received deduction and shareholders taxed at
individual rates may be eligible for the reduced federal income
tax rate of 15% through 2010 on such dividends. Unless we
qualified for relief under specific statutory provisions, we
also would be disqualified from taxation as a REIT for the four
taxable years following the year during which we ceased to
qualify as a REIT. We cannot predict whether in all
circumstances we would qualify for such statutory relief.
Taxation of
Taxable U.S. Shareholders
As used herein, the term U.S. shareholder means
a holder of our common shares that for U.S. federal income
tax purposes is:
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a citizen or resident of the United States;
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a corporation (including an entity treated as a corporation for
federal income tax purposes) created or organized in or under
the laws of the United States, any of its states or the District
of Columbia;
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an estate whose income is subject to federal income taxation
regardless of its source; or
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any trust if (1) a U.S. court is able to exercise
primary supervision over the administration of such trust and
one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all
substantial decisions of the trust or (2) it has a valid
election in place to be treated as a U.S. person.
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If a partnership, entity or arrangement treated as a partnership
for federal income tax purposes holds our common shares, the
federal income tax treatment of a partner in the partnership
will generally depend on the status of the partner and the
activities of the partnership. If you are a partner
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in a partnership holding our common shares, you are urged to
consult your tax advisor regarding the consequences of the
ownership and disposition of our common shares by the
partnership.
As long as we qualify as a REIT, a taxable U.S. shareholder
must generally take into account as ordinary income
distributions made out of our current or accumulated earnings
and profits that we do not designate as capital gain dividends
or retained long-term capital gain. A U.S. shareholder will
not qualify for the dividends received deduction generally
available to corporations. In addition, dividends paid to a
U.S. shareholder generally will not qualify for the 15% tax
rate for qualified dividend income. The maximum tax
rate for qualified dividend income received by
U.S. shareholders taxed at individual rates is 15% through
2010. The maximum tax rate on qualified dividend income is lower
than the maximum tax rate on ordinary income, which is currently
35%. Qualified dividend income generally includes dividends paid
to U.S. shareholders taxed at individual rates by domestic
C corporations and certain qualified foreign corporations.
Because we are not generally subject to federal income tax on
the portion of our REIT taxable income distributed to our
shareholders (see Taxation of Our
Company above), our dividends generally will not be
eligible for the 15% rate on qualified dividend income. As a
result, our ordinary REIT dividends will be taxed at the higher
tax rate applicable to ordinary income. However, the 15% tax
rate for qualified dividend income will apply to our ordinary
REIT dividends (i) attributable to dividends received by us
from non-REIT corporations, such as our TRS, and (ii) to
the extent attributable to income upon which we have paid
corporate income tax (e.g., to the extent that we
distribute less than 100% of our taxable income). In general, to
qualify for the reduced tax rate on qualified dividend income, a
shareholder must hold our common shares for more than
60 days during the
121-day
period beginning on the date that is 60 days before the
date on which our common shares becomes ex-dividend.
A U.S. shareholder generally will take into account as
long-term capital gain any distributions that we designate as
capital gain dividends without regard to the period for which
the U.S. shareholder has held our common shares. We
generally will designate our capital gain dividends as either
15% or 25% rate distributions. See Capital
Gains and Losses. A corporate U.S. shareholder,
however, may be required to treat up to 20% of certain capital
gain dividends as ordinary income.
We may elect to retain and pay income tax on the net long-term
capital gain that we receive in a taxable year. In that case, to
the extent that we designate such amount in a timely notice to
such shareholder, a U.S. shareholder would be taxed on its
proportionate share of our undistributed long-term capital gain.
The U.S. shareholder would receive a credit for its
proportionate share of the tax we paid. The
U.S. shareholder would increase the basis in its shares of
beneficial interest by the amount of its proportionate share of
our undistributed long-term capital gain, minus its share of the
tax we paid.
A U.S. shareholder will not incur tax on a distribution in
excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits if
the distribution does not exceed the adjusted basis of the
U.S. shareholders common shares. Instead, the
distribution will reduce the adjusted basis of such shares of
beneficial interest. A U.S. shareholder will recognize a
distribution in excess of both our current and accumulated
earnings and profits and the U.S. shareholders
adjusted basis in his or her shares of beneficial interest as
long-term capital gain, or short-term capital gain if the shares
of beneficial interest have been held for one year or less,
assuming the shares of beneficial interest are a capital asset
in the hands of the U.S. shareholder. In addition, if we
declare a distribution in October, November, or December of any
year that is payable to a U.S. shareholder of record on a
specified date in any such month, such distribution shall be
treated as both paid by us and received by the
U.S. shareholder on December 31 of such year, provided that
we actually pay the distribution during January of the following
calendar year.
Shareholders may not include in their individual income tax
returns any of our net operating losses or capital losses.
Instead, these losses are generally carried over by us for
potential offset against our future income. Taxable
distributions from us and gain from the disposition of our
common shares will not be treated as passive activity income
and, therefore, shareholders generally will not be able to apply
any passive activity losses, such as losses from
certain types of limited partnerships in which the shareholder
is a limited partner, against such income. In addition, taxable
distributions from us and gain from the disposition of our
common shares generally will be treated as investment income for
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purposes of the investment interest limitations. We will notify
shareholders after the close of our taxable year as to the
portions of the distributions attributable to that year that
constitute ordinary income, return of capital and capital gain.
Taxation of U.S.
Shareholders on the Disposition of Common Shares
A U.S. shareholder who is not a dealer in securities must
generally treat any gain or loss realized upon a taxable
disposition of our common shares as long-term capital gain or
loss if the U.S. shareholder has held our common shares for
more than one year and otherwise as short-term capital gain or
loss. In general, a U.S. shareholder will realize gain or
loss in an amount equal to the difference between the sum of the
fair market value of any property and the amount of cash
received in such disposition and the
U.S. shareholders adjusted tax basis. A
shareholders adjusted tax basis generally will equal the
U.S. shareholders acquisition cost, increased by the
excess of net capital gains deemed distributed to the
U.S. shareholder (discussed above) less tax deemed paid on
such gains and reduced by any returns of capital. However, a
U.S. shareholder must treat any loss upon a sale or
exchange of common shares held by such shareholder for six
months or less as a long-term capital loss to the extent of
capital gain dividends and any other actual or deemed
distributions from us that such U.S. shareholder treats as
long-term capital gain. All or a portion of any loss that a
U.S. shareholder realizes upon a taxable disposition of our
common shares may be disallowed if the U.S. shareholder
purchases other common shares within 30 days before or
after the disposition.
Capital Gains and
Losses
A taxpayer generally must hold a capital asset for more than one
year for gain or loss derived from its sale or exchange to be
treated as long-term capital gain or loss. The highest marginal
individual income tax rate currently is 35% (which rate, absent
additional congressional action, will apply until
December 31, 2010). The maximum tax rate on long-term
capital gain applicable to taxpayers taxed at individual rates
is 15% for sales and exchanges of assets held for more than one
year occurring through December 31, 2010. The maximum tax
rate on long-term capital gain from the sale or exchange of
Section 1250 property, or depreciable real
property, is 25%, which applies to the lesser of the total
amount of the gain or the accumulated depreciation on the
Section 1250 property.
With respect to distributions that we designate as capital gain
dividends and any retained capital gain that we are deemed to
distribute, we generally may designate whether such a
distribution is taxable to our shareholders taxed at individual
rates at a 15% or 25% rate. Thus, the tax rate differential
between capital gain and ordinary income for those taxpayers may
be significant. In addition, the characterization of income as
capital gain or ordinary income may affect the deductibility of
capital losses. A non-corporate taxpayer may deduct capital
losses not offset by capital gains against its ordinary income
only up to a maximum annual amount of $3,000. A non-corporate
taxpayer may carry forward unused capital losses indefinitely. A
corporate taxpayer must pay tax on its net capital gain at
ordinary corporate rates. A corporate taxpayer may deduct
capital losses only to the extent of capital gains, with unused
losses being carried back three years and forward five years.
Taxation of
Tax-Exempt Shareholders
Tax-exempt entities, including qualified employee pension and
profit sharing trusts and individual retirement accounts,
generally are exempt from federal income taxation. However, they
are subject to taxation on their unrelated business taxable
income, or UBTI. Although many investments in real estate
generate UBTI, the IRS has issued a ruling that dividend
distributions from a REIT to an exempt employee pension trust do
not constitute UBTI so long as the exempt employee pension trust
does not otherwise use the shares of beneficial interest in the
REIT in an unrelated trade or business of the pension trust.
Based on that ruling, amounts that we distribute to tax-exempt
shareholders generally should not constitute UBTI. However, if a
tax-exempt shareholder were to finance its acquisition of common
shares with debt, a portion of the income that it receives from
us would constitute UBTI pursuant to the debt-financed
property rules. Moreover, social clubs, voluntary employee
benefit associations, supplemental unemployment benefit trusts
and qualified group legal services plans that are exempt from
taxation under special provisions of the federal income tax laws
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are subject to different UBTI rules, which generally will
require them to characterize distributions that they receive
from us as UBTI. Finally, in certain circumstances, a qualified
employee pension or profit sharing trust that owns more than 10%
of our shares of beneficial interest must treat a percentage of
the dividends that it receives from us as UBTI. Such percentage
is equal to the gross income we derive from an unrelated trade
or business, determined as if we were a pension trust, divided
by our total gross income for the year in which we pay the
dividends. That rule applies to a pension trust holding more
than 10% of our shares of beneficial interest only if:
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the percentage of our dividends that the tax-exempt trust must
treat as UBTI is at least 5%;
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we qualify as a REIT by reason of the modification of the rule
requiring that no more than 50% of our shares of beneficial
interest be owned by five or fewer individuals that allows the
beneficiaries of the pension trust to be treated as holding our
shares of beneficial interest in proportion to their actuarial
interests in the pension trust; and
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either:
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one pension trust owns more than 25% of the value of our shares
of beneficial interest; or
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a group of pension trusts individually holding more than 10% of
the value of our shares of beneficial interest collectively owns
more than 50% of the value of our shares of beneficial interest.
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Taxation of
Non-U.S.
Shareholders
The term
non-U.S. shareholder
means a holder of our common shares that is not a
U.S. shareholder or a partnership (or entity treated as a
partnership for federal income tax purposes). The rules
governing federal income taxation of nonresident alien
individuals, foreign corporations, foreign partnerships, and
other foreign shareholders are complex. This section is only a
summary of such rules. We urge
non-U.S. shareholders
to consult their own tax advisors to determine the impact of
federal, state, and local income tax laws on the purchase,
ownership and sale of our common shares, including any reporting
requirements.
A
non-U.S. shareholder
that receives a distribution that is not attributable to gain
from our sale or exchange of a United States real property
interest, or USRPI, as defined below, and that we do not
designate as a capital gain dividend or retained capital gain
will recognize ordinary income to the extent that we pay such
distribution out of our current or accumulated earnings and
profits. A withholding tax equal to 30% of the gross amount of
the distribution ordinarily will apply to such distribution
unless an applicable tax treaty reduces or eliminates the tax.
However, if a distribution is treated as effectively connected
with the
non-U.S. shareholders
conduct of a U.S. trade or business (conducted through a
United States permanent establishment, where applicable), the
non-U.S. shareholder
generally will be subject to federal income tax on the
distribution at graduated rates, in the same manner as
U.S. shareholders are taxed with respect to such
distribution, and a
non-U.S. shareholder
that is a corporation also may be subject to the 30% branch
profits tax with respect to that distribution. Except with
respect to certain distributions attributable to the sale of
USRPIs described below, we plan to withhold U.S. income tax
at the rate of 30% on the gross amount of any such distribution
paid to a
non-U.S. shareholder
unless either:
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a lower treaty rate applies and the
non-U.S. shareholder
files an IRS
Form W-8BEN
evidencing eligibility for that reduced rate with us; or
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the
non-U.S. shareholder
files an IRS
Form W-8ECI
with us claiming that the distribution is effectively connected
income.
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A
non-U.S. shareholder
will not incur tax on a distribution in excess of our current
and accumulated earnings and profits if the excess portion of
such distribution does not exceed the adjusted basis of its
common shares. Instead, the excess portion of such distribution
will reduce the adjusted basis of such shares of beneficial
interest. A
non-U.S. shareholder
will be subject to tax on a
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distribution that exceeds both our current and accumulated
earnings and profits and the adjusted basis of its common
shares, if the
non-U.S. shareholder
otherwise would be subject to tax on gain from the sale or
disposition of its common shares, as described below. Because we
generally cannot determine at the time we make a distribution
whether the distribution will exceed our current and accumulated
earnings and profits, we normally will withhold tax on the
entire amount of any distribution at the same rate as we would
withhold on a dividend. However, a
non-U.S. shareholder
may claim a refund of amounts that we withhold if we later
determine that a distribution in fact exceeded our current and
accumulated earnings and profits. We must withhold 10% of any
distribution that exceeds our current and accumulated earnings
and profits. Consequently, although we intend to withhold at a
rate of 30% on the entire amount of any distribution, to the
extent that we do not do so, we will withhold at a rate of 10%
on any portion of a distribution not subject to withholding at a
rate of 30%.
For any year in which we qualify as a REIT, a
non-U.S. shareholder
will incur tax on distributions that are attributable to gain
from our sale or exchange of a USRPI under the Foreign
Investment in Real Property Act of 1980, or FIRPTA. A USRPI
includes certain interests in real property and stock in certain
corporations at least 50% of whose assets consist of USRPIs.
Under FIRPTA, a
non-U.S. shareholder
is taxed on distributions attributable to gain from sales of
USRPIs as if such gain were effectively connected with a
U.S. business of the
non-U.S. shareholder.
A
non-U.S. shareholder
thus would be taxed on such a distribution at the normal capital
gains rates applicable to U.S. shareholders, subject to
applicable alternative minimum tax and a special alternative
minimum tax in the case of a nonresident alien individual. A
non-U.S. corporate
shareholder not entitled to treaty relief or exemption also may
be subject to the 30% branch profits tax on such a distribution.
We would be required to withhold 35% of any distribution that we
could designate as a capital gain dividend. A
non-U.S. shareholder
may receive a credit against its tax liability for the amount we
withhold.
However, if our common shares are regularly traded on an
established securities market in the United States, capital gain
distributions on our common shares that are attributable to our
sale of real property will be treated as ordinary dividends
rather than as gain from the sale of a USRPI, as long as the
non-U.S. shareholder
did not own more than 5% of our common shares at any time during
the one-year period preceding the distribution. As a result,
non-U.S. shareholders
generally will be subject to withholding tax on such capital
gain distributions in the same manner as they are subject to
withholding tax on ordinary dividends. We anticipate that our
common shares will be regularly traded on an established
securities market in the United States following this offering.
If our common shares are not regularly traded on an established
securities market in the United States or the
non-U.S. shareholder
owned more than 5% of our common shares at any time during the
one-year period preceding the distribution, capital gain
distributions that are attributable to our sale of real property
would be subject to tax under FIRPTA, as described in the
preceding paragraph. Moreover, if a
non-U.S. shareholder
disposes of our common shares during the
30-day
period preceding the ex-dividend date of a dividend, and such
non-U.S. shareholder
(or a person related to such
non-U.S. shareholder)
acquires or enters into a contract or option to acquire our
common shares within 61 days of the first day of the
30-day
period described above, and any portion of such dividend payment
would, but for the disposition, be treated as a USRPI capital
gain to such
non-U.S. shareholder,
then such
non-U.S. shareholder
shall be treated as having USRPI capital gain in an amount that,
but for the disposition, would have been treated as USRPI
capital gain.
Although the law is not clear on the matter, it appears that
amounts we designate as retained capital gains in respect of the
common shares held by U.S. shareholders generally should be
treated with respect to
non-U.S. shareholders
in the same manner as actual distributions by us of capital gain
dividends. Under this approach, a
non-U.S. shareholder
would be able to offset as a credit against its United States
federal income tax liability resulting from its proportionate
share of the tax paid by us on such retained capital gains, and
to receive from the IRS a refund to the extent of the
non-U.S. shareholders
proportionate share of such tax paid by us exceeds its actual
United States federal income tax liability, provided that the
non-U.S. shareholder
furnishes required information to the IRS on a timely basis.
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Non-U.S. shareholders
could incur tax under FIRPTA with respect to gain realized upon
a disposition of our common shares if we are a United States
real property holding corporation during a specified testing
period. If at least 50% of a REITs assets are USRPIs, then
the REIT will be a United States real property holding
corporation. We anticipate that we will be a United States real
property holding corporation based on our investment strategy.
However, if we are a United States real property holding
corporation, a
non-U.S. shareholder
generally would not incur tax under FIRPTA on gain from the sale
of our common shares if we are a domestically controlled
qualified investment entity. A domestically controlled
qualified investment entity includes a REIT in which, at all
times during a specified testing period, less than 50% in value
of its shares are held directly or indirectly by
non-U.S. shareholders.
We cannot assure you that this test will be met. If our common
shares are regularly traded on an established securities market,
an additional exception to the tax under FIRPTA will be
available with respect to our common shares, even if we do not
qualify as a domestically controlled qualified investment entity
at the time the
non-U.S. shareholder
sells our common shares. Under that exception, the gain from
such a sale by such a
non-U.S. shareholder
will not be subject to tax under FIRPTA if:
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our common shares are treated as being regularly traded under
applicable U.S. Treasury regulations on an established
securities market; and
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the
non-U.S. shareholder
owned, actually or constructively, 5% or less of our common
shares at all times during a specified testing period.
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As noted above, we anticipate that our common shares will be
regularly traded on an established securities market following
this offering.
If the gain on the sale of our common shares were taxed under
FIRPTA, a
non-U.S. shareholder
would be taxed on that gain in the same manner as
U.S. shareholders, subject to applicable alternative
minimum tax and a special alternative minimum tax in the case of
nonresident alien individuals. Furthermore, a
non-U.S. shareholder
generally will incur tax on gain not subject to FIRPTA if:
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the gain is effectively connected with the
non-U.S. shareholders
U.S. trade or business, in which case the
non-U.S. shareholder
will be subject to the same treatment as U.S. shareholders
with respect to such gain; or
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the
non-U.S. shareholder
is a nonresident alien individual who was present in the
U.S. for 183 days or more during the taxable year and
has a tax home in the United States, in which case
the
non-U.S. shareholder
will incur a 30% tax on his or her capital gains.
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Information
Reporting Requirements and Backup Withholding
We will report to our shareholders and to the IRS the amount of
distributions we pay during each calendar year, and the amount
of tax we withhold, if any. Under the backup withholding rules,
a shareholder may be subject to backup withholding at a rate of
28% with respect to distributions unless the holder:
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is a corporation or qualifies for certain other exempt
categories and, when required, demonstrates this fact; or
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provides a taxpayer identification number, certifies as to no
loss of exemption from backup withholding, and otherwise
complies with the applicable requirements of the backup
withholding rules.
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A shareholder who does not provide us with its correct taxpayer
identification number also may be subject to penalties imposed
by the IRS. Any amount paid as backup withholding will be
creditable against the shareholders income tax liability.
In addition, we may be required to withhold a portion of capital
gain distributions to any shareholders who fail to certify their
non-foreign status to us.
Backup withholding will generally not apply to payments of
dividends made by us or our paying agents, in their capacities
as such, to a
non-U.S. shareholder
provided that the
non-U.S. shareholder
furnishes to us or our paying agent the required certification
as to its
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non-U.S. status,
such as providing a valid IRS
Form W-8BEN
or W-8ECI,
or certain other requirements are met. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, backup withholding may apply if either we or our
paying agent has actual knowledge, or reason to know, that the
holder is a U.S. person that is not an exempt recipient.
Payments of the net proceeds from a disposition or a redemption
effected outside the U.S. by a
non-U.S. shareholder
made by or through a foreign office of a broker generally will
not be subject to information reporting or backup withholding.
However, information reporting (but not backup withholding)
generally will apply to such a payment if the broker has certain
connections with the U.S. unless the broker has documentary
evidence in its records that the beneficial owner is a
non-U.S. shareholder
and specified conditions are met or an exemption is otherwise
established. Payment of the net proceeds from a disposition by a
non-U.S. shareholder
of common shares made by or through the U.S. office of a
broker is generally subject to information reporting and backup
withholding unless the
non-U.S. shareholder
certifies under penalties of perjury that it is not a
U.S. person and satisfies certain other requirements, or
otherwise establishes an exemption from information reporting
and backup withholding.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts
withheld under the backup withholding rules may be refunded or
credited against the shareholders federal income tax
liability if certain required information is furnished to the
IRS. Shareholders are urged consult their own tax advisors
regarding application of backup withholding to them and the
availability of, and procedure for obtaining an exemption from,
backup withholding.
Other Tax
Consequences
Tax Aspects of
Our Investments in Our Operating Partnership and Subsidiary
Partnerships
The following discussion summarizes certain federal income tax
considerations applicable to our direct or indirect investments
in our operating partnership and any subsidiary partnerships or
limited liability companies that we form or acquire (each
individually a Partnership and, collectively, the
Partnerships). The discussion does not cover state
or local tax laws or any federal tax laws other than income tax
laws.
Classification as Partnerships. We will be
entitled to include in our income our distributive share of each
Partnerships income and to deduct our distributive share
of each Partnerships losses only if such Partnership is
classified for federal income tax purposes as a partnership (or
an entity that is disregarded for federal income tax purposes if
the entity has only one owner or member) rather than as a
corporation or an association taxable as a corporation. An
unincorporated entity with at least two owners or members will
be classified as a partnership, rather than as a corporation,
for federal income tax purposes if it:
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is treated as a partnership under the Treasury regulations
relating to entity classification (the
check-the-box
regulations); and
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is not a publicly traded partnership.
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Under the
check-the-box
regulations, an unincorporated entity with at least two owners
or members may elect to be classified either as an association
taxable as a corporation or as a partnership. If such an entity
fails to make an election, it generally will be treated as a
partnership (or an entity that is disregarded for federal income
tax purposes if the entity has only one owner or member) for
federal income tax purposes. Each Partnership intends to be
classified as a partnership for federal income tax purposes and
no Partnership will elect to be treated as an association
taxable as a corporation under the
check-the-box
regulations.
A publicly traded partnership is a partnership whose interests
are traded on an established securities market or are readily
tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent
thereof. A publicly traded partnership will not, however, be
treated as a corporation for any taxable year if, for each
taxable year beginning after December 31, 1987 in which it
was classified as a publicly traded partnership, 90% or more of
the partnerships gross income for such year consists of
certain passive-type income, including real property rents,
gains from the sale or other disposition of real property,
interest, and dividends (the 90% passive income
exception). Treasury regulations (the PTP
regulations) provide
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limited safe harbors from the definition of a publicly traded
partnership. Pursuant to one of those safe harbors (the
private placement exclusion), interests in a
partnership will not be treated as readily tradable on a
secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof if
(1) all interests in the partnership were issued in a
transaction or transactions that were not required to be
registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and
(2) the partnership does not have more than 100 partners at
any time during the partnerships taxable year. In
determining the number of partners in a partnership, a person
owning an interest in a partnership, grantor trust, or
S corporation that owns an interest in the partnership is
treated as a partner in such partnership only if
(1) substantially all of the value of the owners
interest in the entity is attributable to the entitys
direct or indirect interest in the partnership and (2) a
principal purpose of the use of the entity is to permit the
partnership to satisfy the 100-partner limitation. Each
Partnership is expected to qualify for the private placement
exclusion in the foreseeable future. Additionally, if our
operating partnership were a publicly traded partnership, we
believe that our operating partnership would have sufficient
qualifying income to satisfy the 90% passive income exception
and thus would continue to be taxed as a partnership for federal
income tax purposes.
We have not requested, and do not intend to request, a ruling
from the IRS that the Partnerships will be classified as
partnerships for federal income tax purposes. If for any reason
a Partnership were taxable as a corporation, rather than as a
partnership, for federal income tax purposes, we likely would
not be able to qualify as a REIT unless we qualified for certain
relief provisions. See Gross Income
Tests and Asset Tests. In
addition, any change in a Partnerships status for tax
purposes might be treated as a taxable event, in which case we
might incur tax liability without any related cash distribution.
See Distribution Requirements. Further,
items of income and deduction of such Partnership would not pass
through to its partners, and its partners would be treated as
shareholders for tax purposes. Consequently, such Partnership
would be required to pay income tax at corporate rates on its
net income, and distributions to its partners would constitute
dividends that would not be deductible in computing such
Partnerships taxable income.
Income Taxation
of the Partnerships and their Partners
Partners, Not the Partnerships, Subject to
Tax. A partnership is not a taxable entity for
federal income tax purposes. Rather, we are required to take
into account our allocable share of each Partnerships
income, gains, losses, deductions, and credits for any taxable
year of such Partnership ending within or with our taxable year,
without regard to whether we have received or will receive any
distribution from such Partnership.
Partnership Allocations. Although a
partnership agreement generally will determine the allocation of
income and losses among partners, such allocations will be
disregarded for tax purposes if they do not comply with the
provisions of the federal income tax laws governing partnership
allocations. If an allocation is not recognized for federal
income tax purposes, the item subject to the allocation will be
reallocated in accordance with the partners interests in
the partnership, which will be determined by taking into account
all of the facts and circumstances relating to the economic
arrangement of the partners with respect to such item. Each
Partnerships allocations of taxable income, gain, and loss
are intended to comply with the requirements of the federal
income tax laws governing partnership allocations.
Tax Allocations With Respect to Our
Properties. Income, gain, loss, and deduction
attributable to appreciated or depreciated property that is
contributed to a partnership in exchange for an interest in the
partnership must be allocated in a manner such that the
contributing partner is charged with, or benefits from,
respectively, the unrealized gain or unrealized loss associated
with the property at the time of the contribution. The amount of
such unrealized gain or unrealized loss (built-in
gain or built-in loss) is generally equal to
the difference between the fair market value of the contributed
property at the time of contribution and the adjusted tax basis
of such property at the time of contribution (a book-tax
difference). Any property purchased by our operating
partnership for cash initially will have an adjusted tax basis
equal to its fair market value, resulting in no book-tax
difference. In the future, however, our operating partnership
may admit partners in exchange for a contribution of appreciated
or depreciated property, resulting in book-tax differences. Such
allocations are solely for federal income tax purposes and do
not affect the book capital accounts or other economic or legal
106
arrangements among the partners. The U.S. Treasury
Department has issued regulations requiring partnerships to use
a reasonable method for allocating items with
respect to which there is a book-tax difference and outlining
several reasonable allocation methods. Under certain available
methods, the carryover basis of contributed properties in the
hands of our operating partnership (i) could cause us to be
allocated lower amounts of depreciation deductions for tax
purposes than would be allocated to us if all contributed
properties were to have a tax basis equal to their fair market
value at the time of the contribution and (ii) in the event
of a sale of such properties, could cause us to be allocated
taxable gain in excess of the economic or book gain allocated to
us as a result of such sale, with a corresponding benefit to the
contributing partners. An allocation described in
(ii) above might cause us to recognize taxable income in
excess of cash proceeds in the event of a sale or other
disposition of property, which might adversely affect our
ability to comply with the REIT distribution requirements and
may result in a greater portion of our distributions being taxed
as dividends. We have not yet decided what method will be used
to account for book-tax differences for properties that may be
acquired by our operating partnership in the future.
Basis in Partnership Interest. Our adjusted
tax basis in our partnership interest in our operating
partnership generally is equal to:
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the amount of cash and the basis of any other property
contributed by us to our operating partnership;
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increased by our allocable share of our operating
partnerships income and our allocable share of
indebtedness of our operating partnership; and
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reduced, but not below zero, by our allocable share of our
operating partnerships loss and the amount of cash
distributed to us, and by constructive distributions resulting
from a reduction in our share of indebtedness of our operating
partnership.
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If the allocation of our distributive share of our operating
partnerships loss would reduce the adjusted tax basis of
our partnership interest below zero, the recognition of such
loss will be deferred until such time as the recognition of such
loss would not reduce our adjusted tax basis below zero. To the
extent that our operating partnerships distributions, or
any decrease in our share of the indebtedness of our operating
partnership, which is considered a constructive cash
distribution to the partners, reduce our adjusted tax basis
below zero, such distributions will constitute taxable income to
us. Such distributions and constructive distributions normally
will be characterized as long-term capital gain.
Depreciation Deductions Available to Our Operating
Partnership. To the extent that our operating
partnership acquires its hotels in exchange for cash, its
initial basis in such hotels for federal income tax purposes
generally was or will be equal to the purchase price paid by our
operating partnership. Our operating partnerships initial
basis in hotels acquired in exchange for units in our operating
partnership should be the same as the transferors basis in
such hotels on the date of acquisition by our operating
partnership. Although the law is not entirely clear, our
operating partnership generally will depreciate such depreciable
hotel property for federal income tax purposes over the same
remaining useful lives and under the same methods used by the
transferors. Our operating partnerships tax depreciation
deductions will be allocated among the partners in accordance
with their respective interests in our operating partnership,
except to the extent that our operating partnership is required
under the federal income tax laws governing partnership
allocations to use a method for allocating tax depreciation
deductions attributable to contributed properties that results
in our receiving a disproportionate share of such deductions.
Sale of a
Partnerships Property
Generally, any gain realized by a Partnership on the sale of
property held by the Partnership for more than one year will be
long-term capital gain, except for any portion of such gain that
is treated as depreciation or cost recovery recapture. Any gain
or loss recognized by a Partnership on the disposition of
contributed properties will be allocated first to the partners
of the Partnership who contributed such properties to the extent
of their built-in gain or loss on those properties for federal
income tax purposes. The partners built-in gain or loss on
such contributed properties will equal the difference between
the
107
partners proportionate share of the book value of those
properties and the partners tax basis allocable to those
properties at the time of the contribution, subject to certain
adjustments. Any remaining gain or loss recognized by the
Partnership on the disposition of the contributed properties,
and any gain or loss recognized by the Partnership on the
disposition of the other properties, will be allocated among the
partners in accordance with their respective percentage
interests in the Partnership.
Our share of any gain realized by a Partnership on the sale of
any property held by the Partnership as inventory or other
property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary
course of the Partnerships trade or business will be
treated as income from a prohibited transaction that is subject
to a 100% penalty tax. Such prohibited transaction income also
may have an adverse effect upon our ability to satisfy the
income tests for REIT status. See Gross Income
Tests. We do not presently intend to acquire or hold or to
allow any Partnership to acquire or hold any property that
represents inventory or other property held primarily for sale
to customers in the ordinary course of our or such
Partnerships trade or business.
Sunset of Reduced
Tax Rate Provisions
Several of the tax considerations described herein are subject
to a sunset provision. The sunset provisions generally provide
that for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2010,
certain provisions that are currently in the Code will revert
back to a prior version of those provisions. These provisions
include provisions related to the reduced maximum income tax
rate for long-term capital gains of 15% (rather than 20%) for
taxpayers taxed at individual rates, the application of the 15%
tax rate to qualified dividend income, and certain other tax
rate provisions described herein. The impact of this reversion
is not discussed herein. Consequently, prospective shareholders
are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the effect
of sunset provisions on an investment in our common shares.
State, Local and
Foreign Taxes
We and/or
you may be subject to taxation by various states, localities and
foreign jurisdictions, including those in which we or a
shareholder transacts business, owns property or resides. The
state, local and foreign tax treatment may differ from the
federal income tax treatment described above. Consequently, you
are urged to consult your own tax advisors regarding the effect
of state, local and foreign tax laws upon an investment in our
common shares.
108
ERISA
CONSIDERATIONS
A fiduciary of a pension, profit sharing, retirement or other
employee benefit plan, or plan, subject to the Employee
Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, or ERISA,
should consider the fiduciary standards under ERISA in the
context of the plans particular circumstances before
authorizing an investment of a portion of such plans
assets in the common shares. Accordingly, such fiduciary should
consider (i) whether the investment satisfies the
diversification requirements of Section 404(a)(1)(C) of
ERISA, (ii) whether the investment is in accordance with
the documents and instruments governing the plan as required by
Section 404(a)(1)(D) of ERISA, and (iii) whether the
investment is prudent under ERISA. In addition to the imposition
of general fiduciary standards of investment prudence and
diversification, ERISA, and the corresponding provisions of the
Code, prohibit a wide range of transactions involving the assets
of the plan and persons who have certain specified relationships
to the plan (parties in interest within the meaning
of ERISA, disqualified persons within the meaning of
the Code). Thus, a plan fiduciary considering an investment in
our common shares also should consider whether the acquisition
or the continued holding of the shares might constitute or give
rise to a direct or indirect prohibited transaction that is not
subject to an exemption issued by the Department of Labor, or
the DOL. Similar restrictions apply to many governmental and
foreign plans which are not subject to ERISA. Thus, those
considering investing in the shares on behalf of such a plan
should consider whether the acquisition or the continued holding
of the shares might violate any such similar restrictions.
The DOL has issued final regulations, or the DOL Regulations, as
to what constitutes assets of an employee benefit plan under
ERISA. Under the DOL Regulations, if a plan acquires an equity
interest in an entity, which interest is neither a
publicly offered security nor a security issued by
an investment company registered under the Investment Company
Act of 1940, as amended, the plans assets would include,
for purposes of the fiduciary responsibility provision of ERISA,
both the equity interest and an undivided interest in each of
the entitys underlying assets unless certain specified
exceptions apply. The DOL Regulations define a publicly offered
security as a security that is widely held,
freely transferable, and either part of a class of
securities registered under the Exchange Act, or sold pursuant
to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act
(provided the securities are registered under the Exchange Act
within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year of the
issuer during which the public offering occurred). The shares
are being sold in an offering registered under the Securities
Act and will be registered under the Exchange Act.
The DOL Regulations provide that a security is widely
held only if it is part of a class of securities that is
owned by 100 or more investors independent of the issuer and of
one another. A security will not fail to be widely
held because the number of independent investors falls
below 100 subsequent to the initial public offering as a result
of events beyond the issuers control. We expect our common
shares to be widely held upon completion of this
offering.
The DOL Regulations provide that whether a security is
freely transferable is a factual question to be
determined on the basis of all relevant facts and circumstances.
The DOL Regulations further provide that when a security is part
of an offering in which the minimum investment is $10,000 or
less, as is the case with this offering, certain restrictions
ordinarily will not, alone or in combination, affect the finding
that such securities are freely transferable. We
believe that the restrictions imposed under our declaration of
trust on the transfer of our shares are limited to the
restrictions on transfer generally permitted under the DOL
Regulations and are not likely to result in the failure of the
common shares to be freely transferable. The DOL
Regulations only establish a presumption in favor of the finding
of free transferability, and, therefore, no assurance can be
given that the DOL will not reach a contrary conclusion.
Assuming that the common shares will be widely held
and freely transferable, we believe that our common
shares will be publicly offered securities for purposes of the
DOL Regulations and that our assets will not be deemed to be
plan assets of any plan that invests in our common
shares.
Each holder of our common shares will be deemed to have
represented and agreed that its purchase and holding of such
common shares (or any interest therein) will not constitute or
result in a non-exempt prohibited transaction under ERISA or
Section 4975 of the Code.
109
UNDERWRITING
Barclays Capital Inc. is acting as the representative of the
underwriters and the sole book-running manager of this offering.
Under the terms of an underwriting agreement, which will be
filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, each of the
underwriters named below has severally agreed to purchase from
us the respective number of common shares shown opposite its
name below:
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Underwriters
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Number of Shares
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Barclays Capital Inc.
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Total
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The underwriting agreement provides that the underwriters
obligation to purchase common shares depends on the satisfaction
of the conditions contained in the underwriting agreement
including:
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the obligation to purchase all of the common shares offered
hereby (other than those common shares covered by their option
to purchase additional shares as described below), if any of the
shares are purchased;
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the representations and warranties made by us to the
underwriters are true;
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there is no material change in our business or the financial
markets; and
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we deliver customary closing documents to the underwriters.
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Commissions and
Expenses
The following table summarizes the underwriting discounts and
commissions we will pay to the underwriters. These amounts are
shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the
underwriters option to purchase additional shares. The
underwriting fee is the difference between the initial price to
the public and the amount the underwriters pay to us for the
shares.
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No Exercise
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Full Exercise
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Per Share
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Total
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The representative of the underwriters has advised us that the
underwriters propose to offer the common shares directly to the
public at the public offering price on the cover of this
prospectus and to selected dealers, which may include the
underwriters, at such offering price less a selling concession
not in excess of $ per share.
After the offering, the representative may change the offering
price and other selling terms. Sales of shares made outside of
the United States may be made by affiliates of the underwriters.
The expenses of the offering that are payable by us are
estimated to be $ (excluding
underwriting discounts and commissions).
Option to
Purchase Additional Shares
We have granted the underwriters an option exercisable for
30 days after the date of this prospectus, to purchase,
from time to time, in whole or in part, up to an aggregate
of common
shares at the public offering price less underwriting discounts
and commissions. This option may be exercised if the
underwriters sell more than shares in connection with this
offering.
To the
extent that this option is exercised, each underwriter will be
obligated, subject to certain conditions, to purchase its pro
rata portion of these additional shares based on the
underwriters underwriting commitment in the offering as
indicated in the table at the beginning of this Underwriting
Section.
Lock-Up
Agreements
We and our trustees and executive officers have agreed that,
without the prior written consent of Barclays Capital Inc., we
and they will not directly or indirectly, (1) offer for
sale, sell, pledge, or
110
otherwise dispose of (or enter into any transaction or device
that is designed to, or could be expected to, result in the
disposition by any person at any time in the future of) any
common shares (including, without limitation, common shares that
may be deemed to be beneficially owned by us or them in
accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and
Exchange Commission and common shares that may be issued upon
exercise of any options or warrants) or securities convertible
into or exercisable or exchangeable for common shares,
(2) enter into any swap or other derivatives transaction
that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the
economic consequences of ownership of the common shares,
(3) make any demand for or exercise any right or file or
cause to be filed a registration statement, including any
amendments thereto, with respect to the registration of any
common shares or securities convertible, exercisable or
exchangeable into common shares or any of our other securities,
or (4) publicly disclose the intention to do any of the
foregoing for a period of 180 days after the date of this
prospectus.
The 180-day
restricted period described in the preceding paragraph will be
extended if:
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during the last 17 days of the
180-day
restricted period we issue an earnings release or material news
or a material event relating to us occurs; or
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prior to the expiration of the
180-day
restricted period, we announce that we will release earnings
results during the
16-day
period beginning on the last day of the
180-day
period, in which case the restrictions described in the
preceding paragraph will continue to apply until the expiration
of the
18-day
period beginning on the issuance of the earnings release or the
announcement of the material news or occurrence of material
event unless such extension is waived in writing by Barclays
Capital, Inc.
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Barclays Capital Inc., in its sole discretion, may release the
common shares and other securities subject to the
lock-up
agreements described above in whole or in part at any time with
or without notice. When determining whether or not to release
common shares and other securities from
lock-up
agreements, Barclays Capital Inc. will consider, among other
factors, the holders reasons for requesting the release,
the number of common shares and other securities for which the
release is being requested and market conditions at the time.
Offering Price
Determination
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our
common shares. The initial public offering price will be
negotiated between the representatives and us. In determining
the initial public offering price of our common shares, the
representatives will consider:
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the history and prospects for the industry in which we compete;
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our financial information;
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the ability of our management and our business potential and
earning prospects;
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the prevailing securities markets at the time of this
offering; and
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the recent market prices of, and the demand for, publicly traded
shares of generally comparable companies.
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Indemnification
We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain
liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and
to contribute to payments that the underwriters may be required
to make for these liabilities.
Stabilization,
Short Positions and Penalty Bids
The representative may engage in stabilizing transactions, short
sales and purchases to cover positions created by short sales,
and penalty bids or purchases for the purpose of pegging, fixing
or
111
maintaining the price of our common shares, in accordance with
Regulation M under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:
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Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying
security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a
specified maximum.
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A short position involves a sale by the underwriters of shares
in excess of the number of shares the underwriters are obligated
to purchase in the offering, which creates the syndicate short
position. This short position may be either a covered short
position or a naked short position. In a covered short position,
the number of shares involved in the sales made by the
underwriters in excess of the number of shares they are
obligated to purchase is not greater than the number of shares
that they may purchase by exercising their option to purchase
additional shares. In a naked short position, the number of
shares involved is greater than the number of shares in their
option to purchase additional shares. The underwriters may close
out any short position by either exercising their option to
purchase additional shares
and/or
purchasing shares in the open market. In determining the source
of shares to close out the short position, the underwriters will
consider, among other things, the price of shares available for
purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which
they may purchase shares through their option to purchase
additional shares. A naked short position is more likely to be
created if the underwriters are concerned that there could be
downward pressure on the price of the shares in the open market
after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase
in the offering.
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Syndicate covering transactions involve purchases of the common
shares in the open market after the distribution has been
completed in order to cover syndicate short positions.
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Penalty bids permit the representatives to reclaim a selling
concession from a syndicate member when the common shares
originally sold by the syndicate member are purchased in a
stabilizing or syndicate covering transaction to cover syndicate
short positions.
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These stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions
and penalty bids may have the effect of raising or maintaining
the market price of our common shares or preventing or retarding
a decline in the market price of the common shares. As a result,
the price of the common shares may be higher than the price that
might otherwise exist in the open market. These transactions may
be effected on the NYSE or otherwise and, if commenced, may be
discontinued at any time.
Neither we nor any of the underwriters make any representation
or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect
that the transactions described above may have on the price of
the common shares. In addition, neither we nor any of the
underwriters make representation that the representative will
engage in these stabilizing transactions or that any
transaction, once commenced, will not be discontinued without
notice.
Electronic
Distribution
A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on the
Internet sites or through other online services maintained by
one or more of the underwriters
and/or
selling group members participating in this offering, or by
their affiliates. In those cases, prospective investors may view
offering terms online and, depending upon the particular
underwriter or selling group member, prospective investors may
be allowed to place orders online. The underwriters may agree
with us to allocate a specific number of shares for sale to
online brokerage account holders. Any such allocation for online
distributions will be made by the representative on the same
basis as other allocations.
Other than the prospectus in electronic format, the information
on any underwriters or selling group members web
site and any information contained in any other web site
maintained by an underwriter or selling group member is not part
of the prospectus or the registration statement of which this
prospectus forms a part, has not been approved
and/or
endorsed by us or any underwriter
112
or selling group member in its capacity as underwriter or
selling group member and should not be relied upon by investors.
The New York
Stock Exchange
We expect to apply for the listing of our common shares for
quotation on the NYSE under the symbol . The
underwriters have undertaken to sell the common shares in this
offering to a minimum of 2,000 beneficial owners in round lots
of 100 or more units to meet NYSE distribution requirements for
trading.
Discretionary
Sales
The underwriters have informed us that they do not intend to
confirm sales to discretionary accounts that exceed 5% of the
total number of shares offered by them.
Stamp
Taxes
If you purchase common shares offered in this prospectus, you
may be required to pay stamp taxes and other charges under the
laws and practices of the country of purchase, in addition to
the offering price listed on the cover page of this prospectus.
Relationships
Barclays Capital and certain of the underwriters
and/or their
affiliates may in the future engage in commercial and investment
banking transactions with us in the ordinary course of their
business. They expect to receive, customary compensation and
expense reimbursement for these commercial and investment
banking transactions. The underwriters may in the future perform
investment banking and advisory services for us from time to
time for which they expect to receive customary fees and expense
reimbursement.
EXPERTS
The balance sheet of Chatham Lodging Trust, a development stage
company, as of October 30, 2009 included in this Prospectus
has been so included in reliance on the report of
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered certified
public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as
experts in auditing and accounting.
The combined financial statements of RLJ Billerica Hotel, LLC,
RLJ Brentwood Hotel, LLC, RLJ Bloomington Hotel, LLC, RLJ Dallas
Hotel Limited Partnership, RLJ Farmington Hotel, LLC, and RLJ
Maitland Hotel, LLC (collectively the Initial Acquisition
Hotels) as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 and for each
of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008
included in this Prospectus have been so included in reliance on
the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent
registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of
said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
LEGAL
MATTERS
Certain legal matters in connection with this offering will be
passed upon for us by Hunton & Williams
LLP. will
issue an opinion to us regarding certain matters of Maryland
law, including the validity of the common shares offered by this
prospectus. The underwriters have been represented by
Latham & Watkins LLP, Los Angeles, California.
WHERE YOU CAN
FIND MORE INFORMATION
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on
Form S-11,
including exhibits and schedules filed with this registration
statement, under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with
respect to our common shares to be sold in this offering. This
prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in
the registration statement and exhibits and schedules to the
registration statement. For further information with respect to
our company and our common shares to be sold in this offering,
reference is made to the registration statement, including the
exhibits and schedules to the registration statement. Statements
contained in this prospectus as to the contents of any contract
113
or other document referred to in this prospectus are not
necessarily complete and, where that contract is an exhibit to
the registration statement, each statement is qualified in all
respects by reference to the exhibit to which the reference
relates. Copies of the registration statement, including the
exhibits and schedules to the registration statement, may be
examined without charge at the public reference room of the
Securities and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street,
N.E., Room 1580, Washington, DC 20549. Information about
the operation of the public reference room may be obtained by
calling the SEC at
1-800-SEC-0300.
Copies of all or a portion of the registration statement can be
obtained from the public reference room of the SEC upon payment
of prescribed fees. Our SEC filings, including our registration
statement, are also available to you on the SECs website
www.sec.gov.
As a result of this offering, we will become subject to the
information and reporting requirements of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and will file periodic reports
and proxy statements and will make available to our shareholders
quarterly reports for the first three quarters of each fiscal
year containing unaudited interim financial information.
REPORTS TO
SHAREHOLDERS
We will furnish our shareholders with annual reports containing
consolidated financial statements audited by our independent
registered certified public accounting firm.
114
INDEX TO
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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Page
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F-2
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F-3
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F-4-6
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F-7
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Audited Financial Statements for Initial Acquisition Hotels
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F-15
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F-16
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F-17
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F-18
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F-19
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F-20-25
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Unaudited Financial Statements for Initial Acquisition Hotels
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F-26
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F-27
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F-28
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F-29
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F-30-31
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F-1
REPORT OF
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING
FIRM
The Board of Trustees and Shareholder
Chatham Lodging Trust:
In our opinion, the accompanying balance sheet presents fairly,
in all material respects, the financial position of Chatham
Lodging Trust (a development stage company) at October 30,
2009 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted
in the United States of America. This financial statement is the
responsibility of the Companys management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on this financial
statement based on our audit. We conducted our audit of this
statement in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards
require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable
assurance about whether the financial statement is free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test
basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the
financial statement, assessing the accounting principles used
and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the
overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our
audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Fort Lauderdale, Florida
November 4, 2009
F-2
CHATHAM LODGING
TRUST
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
BALANCE SHEET
October 30, 2009
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ASSETS:
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Cash
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$
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10,000
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Total assets
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$
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10,000
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LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
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Liabilities:
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Total liabilities
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$
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Shareholders Equity:
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Common shares, $0.01 par value per share; 1,000 shares
authorized; 1,000 shares issued and outstanding
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10
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Additional paid-in capital
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9,990
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Total shareholders equity
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10,000
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Total liabilities and shareholders equity
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$
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10,000
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of this financial
statement.
F-3
Chatham Lodging Trust (the Company) was formed as a
Maryland real estate investment trust on October 26, 2009,
and intends to qualify as a real estate investment trust for
U.S. Federal Income Tax purposes. The Company plans to be
internally-managed and was organized to invest primarily in
premium-branded upscale extended-stay, select-service, and
full-service hotels. The Company expects that a significant
portion of its portfolio will consist of hotels in the upscale
extended-stay category, including brands such as Homewood Suites
by
Hilton®,
Residence Inn by
Marriott®
and Summerfield Suites by
Hyatt®.
The Company is in the development stage, has no assets other
than cash and has not yet commenced operations. The Company has
not entered into any contracts to acquire hotel properties or
other assets. The Company is in the process of forming a
subsidiary, Chatham Lodging, L.P. (the Operating
Partnership). The Company will be the sole general partner
of the Operating Partnership and plans to conduct substantially
all of its business through the Operating Partnership following
its formation.
The Company intends to offer for sale up to $230 million in
common shares through the filing of a registration statement on
Form S-11.
Concurrently with the closing of its initial public offering, in
a separate private placement pursuant to Regulation D under
the Securities Act of 1933, the Company will sell common shares
for an aggregate purchase price of $10 million to its chief
executive officer, Jeffrey H. Fisher, at a price per share equal
to the price to the public in the initial public offering, and
without payment by the Company of any underwriting discount or
commission.
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2.
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Summary of
Significant Accounting Policies
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Below is a discussion of significant accounting policies as the
Company prepares to commence operations and acquire hotel assets:
Basis of
Presentation
The balance sheet includes all of the accounts of the Company as
of October 30, 2009, presented in accordance with
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Use of
Estimates
The preparation of the financial statement in conformity with
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the
reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash
Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an
original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Income
Taxes
The Company intends to elect to be taxed as a real estate
investment trust (REIT) for federal income tax
purposes. To qualify as a REIT, the Company must meet certain
organizational and operational requirements, including a
requirement to distribute at least 90% of the Companys
annual REIT taxable income to its shareholders (which is
computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction or net
capital gain and which does not necessarily equal net income as
calculated in accordance with U.S. generally accepted
accounting principles). As a REIT, the Company generally will
not be subject to federal income tax to the extent it
distributes qualifying dividends to its shareholders.
F-4
CHATHAM LODGING
TRUST
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL
STATEMENT (Continued)
If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year,
it will be subject to federal income tax on its taxable income
at regular corporate income tax rates and generally will not be
permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income
tax purposes for the four taxable years following the year
during which qualification is lost unless the Internal Revenue
Service grants the Company relief under certain statutory
provisions. Such an event could materially adversely affect the
Companys net income and net cash available for
distribution to shareholders. However, the Company intends to
organize and operate in such a manner as to qualify for
treatment as a REIT.
The Company plans to lease its hotels to subsidiaries of its
taxable REIT subsidiary, or TRS, Chatham TRS Holding, Inc. The
TRS would be subject to federal and state income taxes and the
Company would account for them, where applicable, using the
asset and liability method which recognizes deferred tax assets
and liabilities arising from differences between financial
statement carrying amounts and income tax bases.
Organizational
and Offering Costs
The Company expenses organization costs as incurred and offering
costs, which include selling commissions, will be deferred and
charged to shareholders equity.
The Company will reimburse its sole shareholder for any
out-of-pocket expenses to be incurred in connection with the
organization of the Company and the proposed offering of common
shares to the public. If the proposed offering is terminated,
the Company will have no obligation to reimburse the shareholder
for any organizational or offering costs.
Recently
Issued Accounting Standards
In June 2009, the FASB issued an accounting standard that made
the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (the
Codification) the source of authoritative GAAP
recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental
entities. Rules and interpretive releases of the SEC under
authority of federal securities laws are also sources of
authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. The Codification has
superseded all then-existing non-SEC accounting and reporting
standards. All other non-grandfathered non-SEC accounting
literature not included in the Codification became
non-authoritative. This accounting standard is effective for
financial statements issued for interim and annual periods
ending after September 15, 2009. Following the issuance of
this accounting standard, the FASB will not issue new standards
in the form of Statements, FASB Staff Positions, or Emerging
Issues Task Force Abstracts. Instead, it will issue Accounting
Standards Updates. The Board will not consider Accounting
Standards Updates as authoritative in their own right.
Accounting Standards Updates will serve only to update the
Codification, provide background information about the guidance,
and provide the bases for conclusions on the change(s) in the
Codification. The adoption of this accounting standard did not
have a significant impact on the Companys financial
statements.
In June 2009, the FASB issued amended guidance related to the
consolidation of variable-interest entities, which requires
enterprises to qualitatively assess the determination of the
primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity
(VIE) based on whether the entity (1) has the
power to direct matters that most significantly impact the
activities of the VIE, and (2) has the obligation to absorb
losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could
potentially be significant to the VIE. The amendments change the
consideration of kick-out rights in determining if an entity is
a VIE which may cause certain additional entities to now be
considered VIEs. Additionally, they require an ongoing
reconsideration of the primary beneficiary and provide a
framework for the events that trigger a reassessment of whether
an entity is a VIE. This guidance will be effective for
financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after
November 15, 2009. The Company is currently evaluating the
impact of this accounting standard.
F-5
CHATHAM LODGING
TRUST
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL
STATEMENT (Continued)
Under the Declaration of Trust of the Company, the total number
of shares initially authorized for issuance is 1,000 common
shares. The Board of Trustees may amend the Declaration of Trust
to increase or decrease the number of authorized shares.
On October 30, 2009, the Company issued the sole
shareholder of the Company 1,000 common shares at $10 per share.
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4.
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Related Party
Transactions
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Jeffrey H. Fisher, the Companys Chief Executive Officer,
President and Chairman of the Board of Trustees, owns 90% of
Island Hospitality Management, Inc. (IHM), a hotel
management company. The Company may enter into hotel management
agreements with IHM for certain acquired hotels.
The Company has evaluated the need for disclosures
and/or
adjustments resulting from subsequent events through
November 4, 2009, which is the date the financial statement
was issued. This evaluation did not result in any subsequent
events that necessitated disclosures
and/or
adjustments.
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6.
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Subsequent Events
(unaudited)
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The Company has evaluated the need for disclosures and/or
adjustments resulting from subsequent events through
December 7, 2009, which is the date the financial statement
was reissued. This evaluation did not result in any subsequent
events that necessitated disclosures and/or adjustments.
F-6
PRO FORMA
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF CHATHAM LODGING
TRUST
Chatham Lodging Trust was formed on October 26, 2009. In
November 2009, Chatham Lodging Trust signed an agreement to
acquire six hotels for $73.5 million from wholly owned
subsidiaries of RLJ Development, LLC (RLJ). Hotels
to be acquired include the following:
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Property
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Rooms
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Homewood Suites Billerica, Massachusetts
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147
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Homewood Suites Bloomington, Minnesota
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144
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Homewood Suites Brentwood, Tennessee
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121
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Homewood Suites Dallas, Texas
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137
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Homewood Suites Farmington, Connecticut
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121
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Homewood Suites Maitland, Florida
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143
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Total rooms
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813
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The acquisition will be funded from proceeds of the
Companys planned underwritten common share offering of up
to $230 million and a concurrent $10 million private
placement to Jeffrey H. Fisher. The $200 million common
share offering assumes that the underwriters option to
purchase up to $30 million of additional common shares to
cover any over-allotments is not exercised. The proceeds of the
common share offering and the private placement will be
contributed to Chatham Lodging, L.P. (the
Partnership), in exchange for limited partnership
interests in the Partnership. Together these transactions are
referred to as the Offering. Chatham Lodging Trust
and the Partnership are herein referred to as the
Company. No debt will be issued or assumed in
connection with the acquisition of the hotels. The hotels will
be managed by Promus Hotels, Inc. (Promus), an
affiliate of Hilton Hotels Corporation, and are subject to
franchise agreements with Promus. The hotels are collectively
referred to as the Initial Acquisition Hotels.
The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated financial
information of the Company includes the unaudited pro forma
condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30,
2009 and the unaudited pro forma consolidated statement of
operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and
the year ended December 31, 2008. The unaudited pro forma
condensed consolidated balance sheet assumes that the purchase
of the Initial Acquisition Hotels and the Offering occurred on
September 30, 2009 and is based on the Companys
audited balance sheet as of October 30, 2009 and the
Initial Acquisition Hotels unaudited combined statement of
financial position as of September 30, 2009. The purchase price
allocation is preliminary since the purchase of the Initial
Acquisition Hotels is probable but not certain and the Company
is in the process of obtaining certain information to support
the allocations. The unaudited pro forma consolidated statements
of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2009
and the year ended December 31, 2008 assumes that the
closing of the purchase of the Initial Acquisition Hotels, the
Offering and the formation of the Company (the Company
Formation) occurred on January 1, 2008 and is based
on the unaudited combined statement of operations for the
Initial Acquisition Hotels for the nine months ended
September 30, 2009 and the audited combined statement of
operations for the Initial Acquisition Hotels for the year ended
December 31, 2008.
In managements opinion, all material adjustments necessary
to reflect the effects of the Offering, the purchase of the
Initial Acquisition Hotels and the Company Formation have been
made. The unaudited pro forma financial information does not
purport to represent what the Companys results of
operations or financial condition would actually have been if
these transactions had in fact occurred at the beginning of the
periods presented, or to project the Companys results of
operations or financial condition for any future period. In
addition, the unaudited pro forma financial information is based
upon available information and upon assumptions and estimates,
some of which are set forth in the notes to the unaudited pro
forma financial information and which the Company believes are
reasonable under the circumstances. The unaudited pro forma
financial information and accompanying notes should be read in
conjunction with the Companys audited balance sheet as of
October 30, 2009 included in its
Form S-11
as well as the Initial Acquisition Hotels combined
financial statements and notes thereto.
F-7
CHATHAM LODGING
TRUST
UNAUDITED PRO
FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
AS OF SEPTEMBER
30, 2009
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Pro Forma
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Chatham
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Initial
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Chatham
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Lodging
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Acquisition
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Pro Forma
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Lodging
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Trust
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Offering
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Hotels
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Adjustments
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Trust
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(Note a)
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(Note b)
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(Note c)
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(Note d)
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(In thousands, except share and per share data)
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ASSETS
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Investment in hotels, net
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$
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$
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$
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73,500
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$
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$
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73,500
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Cash and cash equivalents
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10
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193,990
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(73,472
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)
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(815
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)
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119,713
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Prepaid and other
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49
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49
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Deferred and other
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360
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360
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Total assets
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$
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10
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$
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193,990
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$
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437
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$
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(815
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)
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$
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193,622
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LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
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Accounts payable and accrued expenses
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$
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$
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$
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437
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$
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$
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437
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Debt
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Total liabilities
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437
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437
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Shareholders equity:
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Common shares, $0.01 par value, 1,000 shares
authorized, 1,000 shares issued and outstanding,
respectively
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Additional paid-in capital
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|
10
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|
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193,990
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194,000
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Distributions in excess of earnings
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(815
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)
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(815
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)
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Total shareholders equity
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|
10
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193,990
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(815
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)
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193,185
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Total liabilities and shareholders equity
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$
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10
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$
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193,990
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$
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437
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$
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(815
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)
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$
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193,622
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See Notes to Unaudited ProForma Condensed Consolidated
Statements of Operations
F-8
NOTES TO
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
(in thousands, except share data)
The accompanying Pro Forma Balance Sheet as of
September 30, 2009 is based on the Historical Balance Sheet
of the Company as of October 30, 2009, adjusted to reflect
the initial public offering of common shares by the Company, the
concurrent private placement to Mr. Fisher, the purchase of
the Initial Acquisition Hotels and application of the net
proceeds as described in Use of Proceeds.
The Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet
assumes the following occurred on September 30, 2009:
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Completion of the Offering
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Completion of the purchase of the Initial Acquisition Hotels
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Payment of costs and expenses of approximately $815 related to
the Initial Acquisition Hotels.
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Notes and
Management Assumptions:
a) Represents the Companys audited historical balance
sheet as of October 30, 2009.
b) Represents cash proceeds from the Offering, net of
estimated underwriters fees of $14,000 and other transaction
costs of $2,000 associated with the common share offering and
the $10 repurchase of 1,000 common shares issued to Jeffrey H.
Fisher upon the Company Formation.
c) Pursuant to the purchase and sale agreement for the
Initial Acquisition Hotels, there will be a proration of
operating results on the date of closing between the Company and
RLJ and this proration is not reflected in the pro forma
adjustments. Other than the assets and liabilities described in
notes 2 and 4 below, no other assets and liabilities will
be acquired pursuant to the purchase and sale agreement between
the Company and RLJ. The following represents the fair value of
assets and liabilities acquired in the Initial Acquisition
Hotels based on the unaudited combined statement of financial
position of the Initial Acquisition Hotels at September 30,
2009:
1. Investment in hotels of $73,500 is recorded at cost and
depreciated using the straight line method over the estimated
useful lives of the assets (5 years for furniture and
equipment, 15 years for land improvements and 40 years
for buildings and improvements). No intangible assets are
expected to be recognized in connection with the purchase of the
Initial Acquisition Hotels based on the estimated values of the
identifiable assets acquired. The allocation of the purchase
price to each individual Initial Acquisition Hotel is as follows:
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Purchase
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Price
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Furniture &
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Property
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Allocation
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Land
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Building
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Equipment
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Homewood Suites Billerica, Massachusetts
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$
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12,550
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$
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1,757
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$
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10,291
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$
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502
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Homewood Suites Bloomington, Minnesota
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18,000
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2,520
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14,760
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720
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Homewood Suites Brentwood, Tennessee
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11,250
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1,575
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9,225
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450
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Homewood Suites Dallas, Texas
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10,700
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1,498
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8,774
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428
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Homewood Suites Farmington, Connecticut
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11,500
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1,610
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9,430
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460
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Homewood Suites Maitland, Florida
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9,500
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1,330
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7,790
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|
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380
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Total purchase price
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$
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73,500
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$
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10,290
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$
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60,270
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$
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2,940
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F-9
2. Prepaid and other assets consisting of prepaid real
estate taxes and property taxes of $49.
3. Deferred franchise costs of $360. The deferred franchise
fees will be amortized over the term of the new franchise
agreements, which is 15 years from the closing of the purchase
of the Initial Acquisition Hotels.
4. Accounts payable and accrued expenses of $437, comprised
of accrued real estate and personal property taxes of $412 and
$25 in advance deposits.
d) Represents the costs expected to be incurred by the
Company to complete the purchase of the Initial Acquisition
Hotels:
1. Costs associated with due diligence involving the
Initial Acquisition Hotels of $415.
2. Legal costs of $225.
3. Accounting fees of $175 for services related to the
audit and review of the Initial Acquisition Hotels.
F-10
CHATHAM LODGING
TRUST
UNAUDITED PRO
FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE NINE
MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2009
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Chatham
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Initial
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Pro Forma
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Lodging
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Acquisition
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Pro Forma
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Chatham
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Trust
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Hotels
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Adjustments
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Lodging Trust
|
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|
|
(Note a)
|
|
|
(Note b)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
|
|
|
Revenue:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hotel operating:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rooms
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
16,187
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
16,187
|
|
Other
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
414
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
414
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16,601
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16,601
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating Expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rooms
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,153
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,153
|
|
Other
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,238
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,238
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,445
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,445
|
|
Sales and marketing fees
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,522
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,522
|
|
Franchise fees
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
647
|
|
|
|
18
|
c
|
|
|
665
|
|
Management fees
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
357
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
357
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,956
|
|
|
|
807
|
d
|
|
|
2,763
|
|
Property taxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
956
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
956
|
|
Corporate general and administrative
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,434
|
e
|
|
|
3,434
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13,274
|
|
|
|
4,259
|
|
|
|
17,533
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income (loss)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,327
|
|
|
|
(4,259
|
)
|
|
|
(932
|
)
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,683
|
)
|
|
|
2,683
|
f
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
644
|
|
|
|
(1,576
|
)
|
|
|
(932
|
)
|
Income taxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) from continuing operations
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
644
|
|
|
$
|
(1,576
|
)
|
|
$
|
(932
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Notes to Unaudited ProForma Consolidated Statements of
Operations
F-11
CHATHAM LODGING
TRUST
NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2009
(in thousands)
a) The Company was formed on October 26, 2009. As a
result, there were no results of operations for the Company for
the nine months ended September 30, 2009.
b) Represents the combined unaudited historical results of
operations of the Initial Acquisition Hotels for the nine months
ended September 30, 2009. The historical unaudited combined
financial statements of the Initial Acquisition Hotels are
included herein.
c) Reflects the adjustment to amortization of franchise
fees based on the franchise application fees paid of $360 and
the remaining terms of the new franchise agreements, which is 15
years from the closing of the purchase of the Initial
Acquisition Hotels.
d) Reflects the net increase in depreciation expense based
on the Companys cost basis in the Initial Acquisition
Hotels and its accounting policy for depreciation. Depreciation
is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated
useful lives of the assets, 5 years for furniture and
equipment, 15 years for land improvements and 40 years
for buildings and improvements.
e) The Company was formed on October 26, 2009 and thus
there was no corporate general and administrative expense
related to the Company for the nine months ended
September 30, 2009. Reflects the adjustment to include
corporate general and administrative expenses that the Company
expects to be contractually obligated to pay, including:
1. Salaries and benefits of $803 to be paid to the
executive officers of the Company, who are currently Jeffrey H.
Fisher, the Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of
the Company and Peter Willis, the Executive Vice President and
Chief Investment Officer of the Company.
2. Amortization of share-based awards of $1,837 to Mr.
Fisher and Mr. Willis based on a three-year vesting period.
3. Cash compensation of $197 and restricted share
compensation of $372 to the Trustees.
4. Directors and officers insurance of $225.
There are certain costs which have not been included in this
adjustment as they are not currently a contractual obligation or
factually supportable. This adjustment does not include certain
items that the Company anticipates it will incur after the
Offering, such items include but are not limited to salaries and
benefits for any other employee, incentive compensation for any
other employee, office rent, public company related expenses and
other administrative costs associated with operating the Company.
f) Reflects the decrease to interest expense associated
with RLJ defeasing the existing loans upon the Initial
Acquisition Hotels. RLJ is required under the terms of the
purchase and sale agreement to cause the defeasance to occur on
or before the closing of the purchase of the Initial Acquisition
Hotels. The purchase price for the Initial Acquisition Hotels
will be fully funded from equity proceeds of the Offering.
F-12
CHATHAM LODGING
TRUST
UNAUDITED PRO
FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE YEAR
ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chatham
|
|
|
Initial
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pro Forma
|
|
|
|
Lodging
|
|
|
Acquisition
|
|
|
Pro Forma
|
|
|
Chatham
|
|
|
|
Trust
|
|
|
Hotels
|
|
|
Adjustments
|
|
|
Lodging Trust
|
|
|
|
(Note a)
|
|
|
(Note b)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
|
|
|
Revenue:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hotel operating:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rooms
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
24,105
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
24,105
|
|
Other
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
859
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
859
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24,964
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24,964
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating Expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rooms
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,656
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,656
|
|
Other
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,780
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,780
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,171
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,171
|
|
Sales and marketing fees
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,374
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,374
|
|
Franchise fees
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
964
|
|
|
|
24
|
c
|
|
|
988
|
|
Management fees
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
570
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
570
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,481
|
|
|
|
551
|
d
|
|
|
3,032
|
|
Property taxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,227
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,227
|
|
Corporate general and administrative
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,579
|
e
|
|
|
4,579
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19,223
|
|
|
|
5,154
|
|
|
|
24,377
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,741
|
|
|
|
(5,154
|
)
|
|
|
587
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3,672
|
)
|
|
|
3,672
|
f
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,069
|
|
|
|
(1,482
|
)
|
|
|
587
|
|
Income taxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from continuing operations
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
2,069
|
|
|
$
|
(1,482
|
)
|
|
$
|
587
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statements of
Operations
F-13
CHATHAM LODGING
TRUST
NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008
(in thousands, except share data)
a) The Company was formed on October 26, 2009. As a
result , there were no results of operations for the Company for
the year ended December 31, 2008.
b) Represents the combined audited historical results of
operations of the Initial Acquisition Hotels for the year ended
December 31, 2008. The historical unaudited combined
financial statements of the Initial Acquisition Hotels are
included herein.
c) Reflects the adjustment to amortization of franchise
fees based on the franchise application fees paid of $360 and
the remaining terms of the new franchise applications, which is
15 years from the closing of the purchase of the Initial
Acquisition Hotels.
d) Reflects the net increase in depreciation expense based
on the Companys cost basis in the Initial Acquisition
Hotels and its accounting policy for depreciation. Depreciation
is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated
useful lives of the assets, 5 years for furniture and
equipment, 15 years for land improvements and 40 years
for buildings and improvements.
e) The Company was formed on October 26, 2009 and thus
there was no corporate general and administrative expense
related to the Company for the year ended December 31,
2008. Reflects the adjustment to include corporate general and
administrative expenses that the Company expects to be
contractually obligated to pay, including:
1. Salaries and benefits of $1,070 to be paid to the
executive officers of the Company, who are currently Jeffrey H.
Fisher, the Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of
the Company and Peter Willis, the Executive Vice President and
Chief Investment Officer of the Company.
2. Amortization of share-based awards of $2,450 to Mr.
Fisher and Mr. Willis based on a three-year vesting period.
3. Cash compensation of $263 and restricted share
compensation of $496 to the Trustees.
4. Directors and officers insurance of $300.
There are certain costs which have not been included in this
adjustment as they are not currently a contractual obligation or
factually supportable. This adjustment does not include certain
items that the Company anticipates it will incur after the
Offering, such items include but are not limited to salaries and
benefits for any other employee, incentive compensation for any
other employee, office rent, public company related expenses and
other administrative costs associated with operating the Company.
f) Reflects the decrease to interest expense associated
with RLJ defeasing the existing loans upon the purchase of the
Initial Acquisition Hotels. RLJ is required under the terms of
the purchase and sale agreement to cause the defeasance to occur
on or before the closing of the purchase of the Initial
Acquisition Hotels. The purchase price for the Initial
Acquisition Hotels will be fully funded from equity proceeds of
the Offering.
F-14
REPORT OF
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
To the
Shareholder of
Chatham Lodging Trust
In our opinion, the accompanying combined statements of
financial position and the related combined statements of
operations, of changes in members capital and of cash
flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial
position of RLJ Billerica Hotel, LLC, RLJ Brentwood Hotel, LLC,
RLJ Bloomington Hotel, LLC, RLJ Dallas Hotel Limited
Partnership, RLJ Farmington Hotel, LLC, and RLJ Maitland Hotel,
LLC (collectively the Initial Acquisition Hotels or
the Hotels) at December 31, 2008 and 2007, and
the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of
the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008 in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States of America. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Hotels management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial
statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these
statements in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States of America. Those standards
require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable
assurance about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test
basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the
financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used
and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the
overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
McLean, Virginia
November 30, 2009
F-15
Initial
Acquisition Hotels
Combined
Statements of Financial Position
December 31,
2008 and 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
ASSETS
|
Current assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
1,227,649
|
|
|
$
|
922,475
|
|
Cash held in escrow
|
|
|
1,470,539
|
|
|
|
2,245,185
|
|
Accounts receivable, net
|
|
|
524,714
|
|
|
|
633,279
|
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
|
|
|
157,262
|
|
|
|
135,613
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
3,380,164
|
|
|
|
3,936,552
|
|
Property and equipment, net
|
|
|
51,540,562
|
|
|
|
52,662,829
|
|
Deferred financing costs, net
|
|
|
127,511
|
|
|
|
192,389
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
$
|
55,048,237
|
|
|
$
|
56,791,770
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS CAPITAL
|
Current liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current portion of mortgage notes payable
|
|
$
|
1,166,841
|
|
|
$
|
1,068,899
|
|
Accounts payable, trade
|
|
|
85,511
|
|
|
|
13,952
|
|
Accounts payable, management companies
|
|
|
275,534
|
|
|
|
302,475
|
|
Advance deposits
|
|
|
32,327
|
|
|
|
15,129
|
|
Accrued sales and occupancy tax
|
|
|
177,268
|
|
|
|
197,310
|
|
Accrued vacation
|
|
|
201,229
|
|
|
|
199,472
|
|
Accrued interest
|
|
|
237,890
|
|
|
|
243,653
|
|
Other accrued expenses
|
|
|
511,193
|
|
|
|
510,871
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
|
2,687,793
|
|
|
|
2,551,761
|
|
Mortgage notes payable
|
|
|
42,774,737
|
|
|
|
43,941,357
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
45,462,530
|
|
|
|
46,493,118
|
|
Members capital
|
|
|
9,585,707
|
|
|
|
10,298,652
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and members capital
|
|
$
|
55,048,237
|
|
|
$
|
56,791,770
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the combined
financial statements.
F-16
Initial
Acquisition Hotels
Combined
Statements of Operations
For the Three
Years Ended December 31, 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Net revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Room revenues
|
|
$
|
24,105,287
|
|
|
$
|
24,074,091
|
|
|
$
|
22,505,191
|
|
Other service revenues
|
|
|
859,176
|
|
|
|
865,378
|
|
|
|
854,348
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24,964,463
|
|
|
|
24,939,469
|
|
|
|
23,359,539
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Room expenses
|
|
|
4,656,224
|
|
|
|
4,584,978
|
|
|
|
4,319,223
|
|
Other service expenses
|
|
|
1,780,142
|
|
|
|
1,759,520
|
|
|
|
1,692,791
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
5,170,572
|
|
|
|
5,034,445
|
|
|
|
5,030,768
|
|
Sales and marketing
|
|
|
2,374,485
|
|
|
|
2,385,135
|
|
|
|
2,167,058
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
2,480,970
|
|
|
|
2,294,127
|
|
|
|
2,049,508
|
|
Property taxes
|
|
|
1,227,023
|
|
|
|
1,204,138
|
|
|
|
1,215,185
|
|
Franchise fees
|
|
|
964,231
|
|
|
|
962,964
|
|
|
|
900,207
|
|
Management fees
|
|
|
570,362
|
|
|
|
562,382
|
|
|
|
508,089
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19,224,009
|
|
|
|
18,787,689
|
|
|
|
17,882,829
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income
|
|
|
5,740,454
|
|
|
|
6,151,780
|
|
|
|
5,476,710
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
(3,671,782
|
)
|
|
|
(3,747,351
|
)
|
|
|
(3,824,755
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
2,068,672
|
|
|
$
|
2,404,429
|
|
|
$
|
1,651,955
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the combined
financial statements.
F-17
Initial
Acquisition Hotels
Combined
Statements of Changes in Members Capital
For the Three
Years Ended December 31, 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Members capital beginning of year
|
|
$
|
10,298,652
|
|
|
$
|
8,115,356
|
|
|
$
|
8,116,327
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
2,068,672
|
|
|
|
2,404,429
|
|
|
|
1,651,955
|
|
Distributions to RLJ Development, LLC
|
|
|
(2,781,617
|
)
|
|
|
(1,791,537
|
)
|
|
|
(1,652,926
|
)
|
Contributions from RLJ Development, LLC
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,570,404
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Members capital end of year
|
|
$
|
9,585,707
|
|
|
$
|
10,298,652
|
|
|
$
|
8,115,356
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the combined
financial statements.
F-18
Initial
Acquisition Hotels
Combined
Statements of Cash Flows
For the Three
Years Ended December 31, 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Cash flows from operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
2,068,672
|
|
|
$
|
2,404,429
|
|
|
$
|
1,651,955
|
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by
operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
2,480,970
|
|
|
|
2,294,127
|
|
|
|
2,049,508
|
|
Amortization of deferred financing costs
|
|
|
64,877
|
|
|
|
64,877
|
|
|
|
64,877
|
|
Changes in assets and liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Funding of real estate tax and insurance escrow, net
|
|
|
179,229
|
|
|
|
(136,877
|
)
|
|
|
(107,336
|
)
|
Accounts receivable
|
|
|
108,566
|
|
|
|
(202,678
|
)
|
|
|
38,087
|
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
|
|
|
(21,649
|
)
|
|
|
21,948
|
|
|
|
(66,842
|
)
|
Accounts payable
|
|
|
44,618
|
|
|
|
(5,344
|
)
|
|
|
(199,214
|
)
|
Advance deposits
|
|
|
17,198
|
|
|
|
(13,683
|
)
|
|
|
17,039
|
|
Other accrued expenses
|
|
|
322
|
|
|
|
(23,123
|
)
|
|
|
150,329
|
|
Accrued sales and occupancy tax
|
|
|
(20,042
|
)
|
|
|
21,854
|
|
|
|
3,910
|
|
Accrued vacation
|
|
|
1,757
|
|
|
|
16,617
|
|
|
|
22,392
|
|
Accrued interest
|
|
|
(5,763
|
)
|
|
|
(5,377
|
)
|
|
|
(4,947
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
|
|
4,918,755
|
|
|
|
4,436,770
|
|
|
|
3,619,758
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from investing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from replacement and renovation reserves held in
escrow, net
|
|
|
595,417
|
|
|
|
12,207
|
|
|
|
(117,642
|
)
|
Advances to affiliates, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(49,026
|
)
|
|
|
218,432
|
|
Purchase of property and equipment
|
|
|
(1,358,703
|
)
|
|
|
(1,818,563
|
)
|
|
|
(1,264,942
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities
|
|
|
(763,286
|
)
|
|
|
(1,855,382
|
)
|
|
|
(1,164,152
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions of members capital
|
|
|
(2,781,617
|
)
|
|
|
(1,607,537
|
)
|
|
|
(1,652,926
|
)
|
Contributions of members capital
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,998
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal payments on mortgage notes
|
|
|
(1,068,678
|
)
|
|
|
(993,494
|
)
|
|
|
(916,489
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in financing activities
|
|
|
(3,850,295
|
)
|
|
|
(2,595,033
|
)
|
|
|
(2,569,415
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
305,174
|
|
|
|
(13,645
|
)
|
|
|
(113,809
|
)
|
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
|
|
|
922,475
|
|
|
|
936,120
|
|
|
|
1,049,929
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year
|
|
$
|
1,227,649
|
|
|
$
|
922,475
|
|
|
$
|
936,120
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest paid
|
|
$
|
3,612,667
|
|
|
$
|
3,687,832
|
|
|
$
|
3,764,842
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing activity:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conversion of payable to RLJ Development, LLC to equity
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,564,406
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution of a receivable to RLJ Development, LLC
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
184,000
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the combined
financial statements.
F-19
Initial
Acquisition Hotels
Notes to Combined
Financial Statements
For the Three
Years Ended December 31, 2008
|
|
1.
|
Businesses and
Organization
|
Description of
Business
The Initial Acquisition Hotels are comprised of the following
six Homewood Suites hotel properties:
|
|
|
|
|
RLJ Billerica Hotel, LLC
|
|
Bedford, Massachusetts
|
|
147 rooms
|
RLJ Brentwood Hotel, LLC
|
|
Brentwood, Tennessee
|
|
121 rooms
|
RLJ Bloomington Hotel, LLC
|
|
Bloomington, Minnesota
|
|
144 rooms
|
RLJ Dallas Hotel Limited Partnership
|
|
Dallas, Texas
|
|
137 rooms
|
RLJ Farmington Hotel, LLC
|
|
Farmington, Connecticut
|
|
121 rooms
|
RLJ Maitland Hotel, LLC
|
|
Maitland, Florida
|
|
143 rooms
|
The six hotel properties (collectively the Initial
Acquisition Hotels or Hotels) are wholly owned
by RLJ Development, LLC. RLJ Development, LLC owns and operates
limited service hotels. Limited service hotels offer amenities
such as limited meeting space, fitness centers, swimming pools,
continental breakfast or similar services.
The Initial Acquisition Hotels operate in the hospitality and
lodging industry and are subject to risks common to companies in
that industry.
|
|
2.
|
Summary of
Significant Accounting Policies
|
Basis of
Presentation
The combined financial statements have been prepared on the
accrual basis of accounting and in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated
in combination.
Use of
Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America requires management to make estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of
the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues
and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could
differ from those estimates.
Revenue
Recognition
Room revenues are recognized the night of occupancy. Cash
received prior to guest arrival is recorded as an advance from
customers and recognized as revenue at the time of occupancy.
The Hotels also recognize revenues for food, beverage, telephone
charges and various ancillary services performed at the time the
service is provided. These amounts are included in other service
revenues.
Accounts
Receivable, net
Accounts receivable consist primarily of payments due from
credit card companies and from corporate customers. The
allowance for doubtful accounts is the best estimate of the
amount of probable credit losses in existing accounts
receivable. The Hotels record bad debt expense in general and
administrative expense in the accompanying statements of
operations based on an assessment of the ultimate realizability
of receivables considering historical collection experience, the
economic environment, and the individual circumstances of each
receivable. When the Hotels determine that an account is not
collectible, the account is written-off to the associated
allowance for doubtful accounts.
F-20
Initial
Acquisition Hotels
Notes to Combined
Financial Statements Continued
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the allowance for
doubtful accounts balance was $7,817 and $9,794, respectively.
Cash and Cash
Equivalents
The Hotels consider all funds held in money market accounts and
highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three
months or less to be cash and cash equivalents. The Hotels
maintain their cash accounts at various major financial
institutions within the United States of America. At times,
deposits may be in excess of federally insured limits. The
Hotels have not experienced any losses on cash deposited with
the financial institutions.
Cash Held in
Escrow
The Hotels are required by certain mortgage agreements to
maintain escrow accounts for real estate taxes and insurance,
and by certain property management agreements
and/or
mortgages to maintain replacements reserves for each hotel
financed. The escrow accounts for real estate taxes and
insurance are determined by the lender, based on annual
estimates. The Hotels various debt and property management
agreements require individual hotel properties to contribute a
predetermined amount to replacement reserves based on adjusted
gross revenues from the preceding month. The predetermined
amounts required to be contributed range from 4% to 5%.
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, amounts held in escrow
were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Insurance escrows
|
|
$
|
32,133
|
|
|
$
|
73,342
|
|
Tax escrows
|
|
|
443,772
|
|
|
|
569,140
|
|
Replacement and renovation reserves
|
|
|
994,634
|
|
|
|
1,602,703
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
1,470,539
|
|
|
$
|
2,245,185
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financial
Instruments and Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to
sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly
transaction between market participants at the measurement date
in the principal or most advantageous market. The fair value
hierarchy has three levels of inputs, both observable and
unobservable. Level 1 inputs include quoted market prices
in an active market for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 inputs are market data, other than Level 1,
that are observable either directly or indirectly. Level 2
inputs include quoted market prices for similar assets or
liabilities, quoted market prices in an inactive market, and
other observable information that can be corroborated by market
data. Level 3 inputs are unobservable and corroborated by
little or no market data.
The following table provides fair value information on the
Hotels financial assets and liabilities.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carrying Amount in
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance Sheet
|
|
Fair Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
December 31,
|
|
Fair Value Measurements Using:
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2008
|
|
Level 1
|
|
Level 2
|
|
Level 3
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
2,698,188
|
|
|
$
|
2,698,188
|
|
|
$
|
2,698,188
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
Mortgage notes payable
|
|
|
43,941,578
|
|
|
|
42,532,176
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
42,532,176
|
|
|
|
|
|
Because of their short-term nature, the carrying amount of the
Hotels current financial instruments approximates fair
value as of December 31, 2008 and 2007. The fair value of
long-term mortgage notes payable is based on rates available to
the Hotels for debt with similar terms and maturities. As of
December 31, 2008 and 2007, the fair market value of
mortgage notes payable for mortgages with fixed interest rates
is approximately $42,532,000 and $43,553,000 based on quoted
F-21
Initial
Acquisition Hotels
Notes to Combined
Financial Statements Continued
market prices at December 31, 2008 and December 31,
2007, respectively, as compared to the carrying value of
$43,941,578 and $45,010,254, respectively.
Property and
Equipment
The Hotels property and equipment consists primarily of
land, buildings, improvements and related fixtures, furniture
and equipment. Property and equipment are stated at cost. Major
renewals and improvements are capitalized, while maintenance and
repairs are expensed when incurred. Depreciation is computed
over the estimated useful lives of the depreciable assets using
the straight-line method.
When properties
and/or
equipment are sold or retired, their cost and related
accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the accounts and
the resulting gain or loss is reflected in operations.
Impairment of
Long-Lived Assets
The Hotels periodically evaluate the recoverability of
long-lived assets when events or circumstances indicate that an
asset may be impaired. This evaluation consists of a comparison
of the carrying value of the assets with the assets
expected future cash flows, undiscounted and without interest
costs. Estimates of expected future cash flows represent
managements best estimate based on reasonable and
supportable assumptions and projections. If the expected future
undiscounted cash flows exceed the carrying value of the asset,
no impairment is recognized. If expected undiscounted cash flows
are less than the carrying value then impairment is indicated.
Such impairment is measured as the difference between the
carrying value of long-lived assets and their fair market value.
During 2008 and 2007 there were no events or changes in
circumstances indicating that the carrying value of the
Hotels long-lived assets may not be recoverable.
Advances to
Affiliates, net
Amounts advanced to affiliates represent short-term transfers of
cash provided by and to other properties affiliated with RLJ
Development, LLC in order to meet short-term cash needs. During
2007, these affiliates of the Hotels were sold and amounts owed
to/from those affiliates were transferred and considered
receivable/payable to RLJ Development, LLC. The Hotels
recognized a non-cash contribution and distribution for this
transaction.
Deferred
Financing Costs
The Hotels deferred financing costs relate to fees and
costs incurred to obtain long-term financing to purchase the
hotel and related properties. These costs are amortized using
the straight-line method, which approximates the effective
interest method, over the life of the applicable mortgage and
are included as a component of interest expense. There were no
capitalized deferred financing costs in 2008 or 2007.
Accumulated amortization related to deferred financing costs as
of December 31, 2008 and 2007 was $521,080 and $456,202,
respectively. Amortization expense related to deferred financing
costs for the three years ended December 31, 2008 was
$64,877 a year.
Advertising
Costs
The Hotels expense advertising costs as incurred. Advertising
expenses were $1,410,254, $1,420,171 and $1,266,853 for the
years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively,
and have been included in sales and marketing expenses.
Income and
Sales Taxes
No provision has been made for federal or state income taxes
since the Hotels profits and losses are reported by the
individual members on their respective income tax returns.
F-22
Initial
Acquisition Hotels
Notes to Combined
Financial Statements Continued
Additionally, the Hotels collect sales, use, occupancy and
similar taxes which are presented on a net basis (excluded from
revenues) on the combined statements of operations.
|
|
3.
|
Property
Management Agreements
|
In December 2000, the Hotels entered into six separate fifteen
(15) year property management agreements (the Promus
Agreements) with Promus Hotels, Inc. (Promus)
that expire in 2015 with a five-year renewal option that may be
exercised by Promus. The Promus Agreements require that Promus
provide all services required to operate the six hotels, located
in Brentwood, TN; Bloomington, MN, Billerica, MA; Dallas, TX;
Farmington CT; and Maitland, FL., including directing the
day-to-day activities of the hotels and establishing all
policies and procedures relating to the management and operation
of the hotels.
In accordance with the Promus Agreements, Promus is required to
maintain and manage the operating activities of the hotels.
Accordingly, Promus initially pays for all operating expenses on
behalf of the hotels and is reimbursed by withdrawing funds from
the individual hotels operating cash account. As of
December 31, 2008 and 2007, $275,534 and $302,475,
respectively, was due to Promus under these arrangements and
have been included in accounts payable, management companies.
The Promus Agreements also include provisions for a management
fee and a management incentive fee to be paid to Promus for its
services. Additionally, the Promus Agreements call for a monthly
franchise fee to be paid to Hilton Hotels Corporation. The
management fee is computed in accordance with the Promus
Agreements and is based on 2% of adjusted monthly gross revenue
of the individual hotels. For the years ended December 31,
2008, 2007 and 2006, the management fees incurred by the hotels
were $498,810, $497,626 and $466,105, respectively. The
incentive management fee is calculated based on 10% of the
adjusted net operating income from operations of the individual
hotels at the end of each year. For the years ended
December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the incentive management
fees incurred by the hotels were $71,552, $64,756, and $41,984,
respectively.
Each Hotel is charged a monthly franchise fee paid to Hilton
Hotels Corporation based on a percentage of the individual
hotels respective gross room revenue. For the years ended
December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the franchise fees for
the Hotels were $964,231, $962,964, and $900,207, respectively.
|
|
4.
|
Property and
Equipment
|
Property and equipment at December 31, 2008 and 2007
consisted of:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Useful
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lives
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Land
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
8,882,552
|
|
|
$
|
8,882,552
|
|
Projects-in-development
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
115,839
|
|
Building
|
|
|
39 years
|
|
|
|
44,953,448
|
|
|
|
44,857,946
|
|
Machinery, equipment and fixtures
|
|
|
5-15 years
|
|
|
|
26,719,714
|
|
|
|
25,340,674
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Subtotal
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
80,555,714
|
|
|
|
79,197,011
|
|
Less: Accumulated depreciation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(29,015,152
|
)
|
|
|
(26,534,182
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and equipment, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
51,540,562
|
|
|
$
|
52,662,829
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2008,
2007 and 2006 was $2,480,970, $2,294,127 and $2,049,508,
respectively.
F-23
Initial
Acquisition Hotels
Notes to Combined
Financial Statements Continued
|
|
5.
|
Mortgage Notes
Payable
|
Mortgage notes payable as of December 31, 2008 and 2007
consisted of the following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Mortgage notes with fixed interest rates
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.84%, maturing January 2011
|
|
$
|
35,237,130
|
|
|
$
|
36,090,790
|
|
8.69%, maturing December 2010
|
|
|
8,704,448
|
|
|
|
8,919,466
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
43,941,578
|
|
|
|
45,010,256
|
|
Less current portion
|
|
|
1,166,841
|
|
|
|
1,068,899
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long term mortgage notes payable
|
|
$
|
42,774,737
|
|
|
$
|
43,941,357
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In December 2000, the Hotels entered into a $40.5 million
credit facility with a financial institution for mortgages
related to five of the hotels acquired in December 2000. In
April 2001, the credit facility was modified to split the five
individual mortgages into two collateralized pools. The first
collateralized pool consists of the mortgages to RLJ Brentwood
Hotel, LLC, RLJ Dallas Hotel Limited Partnership, and RLJ
Farmington Hotel, LLC and had an initial borrowing under the
facility of $20.7 million, with combined principal and
interest of $157,578 payable monthly. As of December 31,
2008 and 2007, the outstanding balance of the first pool was
$18,010,089 and $18,446,405, respectively. The second
collateralized pool, consisting of the mortgages to RLJ
Billerica Hotel, LLC and RLJ Bloomington Hotel, LLC, was
established with an initial borrowing under the facility of
$19.8 million, with combined principal and interest of
$150,726 payable monthly. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007,
the outstanding balance of the second pool was $17,227,041 and
$17,644,385, respectively. All related mortgage note agreements
mature in January 2011. The interest rates related to the
mortgages are 7.84% and are payable monthly. The mortgage note
agreements include a prepayment penalty in whole or in part
based on the higher of 3% of the principal amount of the note
being prepaid or the present value of a series of payments as
defined in the credit facility. The individual mortgages in the
credit facility are collateralized by the individual hotel
properties and equipment.
In December 2000, RLJ Maitland Hotel, LLC entered into a
mortgage note agreement with a financial institution at an
initial borrowing of $10.0 million, with monthly principal
and interest payments of $81,807. The final payment on the
mortgage note is due in January 2011 and bears an 8.69% fixed
rate of interest. The mortgage note contains a prepayment
penalty provision based on rates defined in the note agreement,
related to the
10-year
Treasury note rate plus premium ranging from 0.013% to 0.120% of
the outstanding principal balance of the loan. The note is
collateralized by the individual hotel property and equipment.
The managing member of RLJ Development, LLC had personally
guaranteed up to $1,346,400 of the loan, the amount of the
guarantee outstanding as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, was
$50,847 and $265,864, respectively. As of December 31, 2008
and 2007, the outstanding balance on the note was $8,704,448 and
$8,919,466, respectively.
In accordance with all of the Hotels mortgage agreements,
including the Loan Pool Facility, mortgages may be prepaid at
any time, without penalty, at the option of the borrower. The
mortgage notes include financial and other covenants that
require the maintenance of certain ratios. As of
December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Hotels were in compliance
with all covenants under the mortgage notes.
F-24
Initial
Acquisition Hotels
Notes to Combined
Financial Statements Continued
Maturities of mortgage notes payable as of December 31,
2008 are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
Year
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
2009
|
|
$
|
1,166,841
|
|
2010
|
|
|
1,242,949
|
|
2011
|
|
|
41,531,788
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
43,941,578
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.
|
Guarantees and
Indemnifications
|
The Hotels may enter into service agreements with service
providers in which they agrees to indemnify the service provider
against certain losses and liabilities arising from the service
providers performance under the agreement. Generally, such
indemnification obligations do not apply in situations in which
the service provider is grossly negligent, engages in wilful
misconduct, or acts in bad faith. The Hotels believe their
liabilities under such service agreements are immaterial.
On November 16, 2009, a purchase and sale agreement was
signed related to the acquisition of the Hotels by Chatham
Lodging Trust for a total purchase price of $73.5 million
(for all six hotels).
F-25
Initial
Acquisition Hotels
Combined
Statements of Financial Position
As of
September 30, 2009 (Unaudited) and December 31,
2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
ASSETS
|
Current assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
1,336,7660
|
|
|
$
|
1,227,649
|
|
Cash held in escrow
|
|
|
1,657,6999
|
|
|
|
1,470,539
|
|
Accounts receivable, net
|
|
|
622,203
|
|
|
|
524,714
|
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
|
|
|
381,044
|
|
|
|
157,262
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
3,997,709
|
|
|
|
3,380,164
|
|
Property and equipment, net
|
|
|
49,948,308
|
|
|
|
51,540,562
|
|
Deferred financing costs, net
|
|
|
78,855
|
|
|
|
127,511
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
|
54,024,872
|
|
|
|
55,048,237
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS CAPITAL
|
Current liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current portion of mortgage notes payable
|
|
$
|
1,239,681
|
|
|
$
|
1,166,841
|
|
Accounts payable, trade
|
|
|
11,834
|
|
|
|
85,511
|
|
Accounts payable, management companies
|
|
|
292,690
|
|
|
|
275,534
|
|
Advance deposits
|
|
|
24,899
|
|
|
|
32,327
|
|
Accrued sales and occupancy tax
|
|
|
187,674
|
|
|
|
177,268
|
|
Accrued vacation
|
|
|
190,178
|
|
|
|
201,229
|
|
Accrued interest
|
|
|
225,705
|
|
|
|
237,890
|
|
Other accrued expenses
|
|
|
1,099,805
|
|
|
|
511,193
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
|
3,272,466
|
|
|
|
2,687,793
|
|
Mortgage notes payable
|
|
|
41,837,477
|
|
|
|
42,774,737
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
45,109,943
|
|
|
|
45,462,530
|
|
Members capital
|
|
|
8,914,929
|
|
|
|
9,585,707
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and members capital
|
|
$
|
54,024,872
|
|
|
$
|
55,048,237
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the combined
financial statements.
F-26
Initial
Acquisition Hotels
Combined
Statements of Operations
Unaudited Nine
Month Periods Ended September 30, 2009 and 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
Net revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Room revenues
|
|
$
|
16,186,467
|
|
|
$
|
18,675,739
|
|
Other service revenues
|
|
|
414,285
|
|
|
|
666,401
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16,600,752
|
|
|
|
19,342,140
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Room expenses
|
|
|
3,152,603
|
|
|
|
3,492,952
|
|
Other service expenses
|
|
|
1,237,871
|
|
|
|
1,347,998
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
3,444,656
|
|
|
|
3,871,594
|
|
Sales and marketing
|
|
|
1,521,982
|
|
|
|
1,799,307
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
1,955,879
|
|
|
|
1,842,784
|
|
Property taxes
|
|
|
956,097
|
|
|
|
939,672
|
|
Franchise fees
|
|
|
647,459
|
|
|
|
747,030
|
|
Management fees
|
|
|
356,798
|
|
|
|
460,634
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13,273,345
|
|
|
|
14,501,971
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income
|
|
|
3,327,407
|
|
|
|
4,840,169
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
(2,683,065
|
)
|
|
|
(2,758,158
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
644,342
|
|
|
$
|
2,082,011
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the combined
financial statements.
F-27
Initial
Acquisition Hotels
Combined
Statements of Changes in Members Capital
Unaudited Nine
Month Periods Ended September 30, 2009 and 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
Members capital beginning of period
|
|
$
|
9,585,707
|
|
|
$
|
10,298,652
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
644,342
|
|
|
|
2,082,011
|
|
Distributions to RLJ Development, LLC
|
|
|
(1,315,120
|
)
|
|
|
(2,590,473
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Members capital end of period
|
|
$
|
8,914,929
|
|
|
$
|
9,790,190
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the combined
financial statements.
F-28
Initial
Acquisition Hotels
Unaudited
Nine Month Periods Ended September 30, 2009 and
2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
Cash flows from operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
644,342
|
|
|
$
|
2,082,011
|
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by
operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
1,955,879
|
|
|
|
1,842,784
|
|
Amortization of deferred financing costs
|
|
|
48,656
|
|
|
|
48,656
|
|
Changes in assets and liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Funding of real estate tax and insurance escrow, net
|
|
|
(123,018
|
)
|
|
|
(172,536
|
)
|
Accounts receivable
|
|
|
(97,492
|
)
|
|
|
(170,879
|
)
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
|
|
|
(223,782
|
)
|
|
|
16,678
|
|
Accounts payable
|
|
|
(56,521
|
)
|
|
|
50,621
|
|
Advance deposits
|
|
|
(7,428
|
)
|
|
|
41,086
|
|
Other accrued expenses
|
|
|
588,612
|
|
|
|
470,687
|
|
Accrued sales and occupancy tax
|
|
|
10,406
|
|
|
|
39,906
|
|
Accrued vacation
|
|
|
(11,051
|
)
|
|
|
(11,929
|
)
|
Accrued interest
|
|
|
(12,185
|
)
|
|
|
(11,976
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
|
|
2,716,418
|
|
|
|
4,225,109
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from investing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from replacement and renovation reserves held in
escrow, net
|
|
|
(64,142
|
)
|
|
|
473,780
|
|
Purchase of property and equipment
|
|
|
(363,625
|
)
|
|
|
(726,116
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities
|
|
|
(427,767
|
)
|
|
|
(252,336
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions of members capital
|
|
|
(1,315,120
|
)
|
|
|
(2,590,473
|
)
|
Principal payments on mortgage notes
|
|
|
(864,420
|
)
|
|
|
(789,535
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in financing activities
|
|
|
(2,179,540
|
)
|
|
|
(3,380,008
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
109,111
|
|
|
|
592,765
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
|
|
|
1,227,649
|
|
|
|
922,475
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year
|
|
$
|
1,336,760
|
|
|
$
|
1,515,240
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest paid
|
|
$
|
2,695,250
|
|
|
$
|
2,770,134
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the combined
financial statements.
F-29
Initial
Acquisition Hotels
Notes to Combined
Financial Statements
Unaudited Nine
Month Periods Ended September 30, 2009 and 2008
|
|
1.
|
Businesses and
Organization
|
Description of
Business
The Initial Acquisition Hotels are comprised of the following
six Homewood Suites hotel properties:
|
|
|
|
|
RLJ Billerica Hotel, LLC
|
|
Bedford, Massachusetts
|
|
147 rooms
|
RLJ Brentwood Hotel, LLC
|
|
Brentwood, Tennessee
|
|
121 rooms
|
RLJ Bloomington Hotel, LLC
|
|
Bloomington, Minnesota
|
|
144 rooms
|
RLJ Dallas Hotel Limited Partnership
|
|
Dallas, Texas
|
|
137 rooms
|
RLJ Farmington Hotel, LLC
|
|
Farmington, Connecticut
|
|
121 rooms
|
RLJ Maitland Hotel, LLC
|
|
Maitland, Florida
|
|
143 rooms
|
The six hotel properties (collectively the Initial
Acquisition Hotels or Hotels) are wholly owned
by RLJ Development, LLC. RLJ Development, LLC owns and operates
limited service hotels. Limited service hotels offer amenities
such as limited meeting space, fitness centers, swimming pools,
continental breakfast or similar services.
The Initial Acquisition Hotels operate in the hospitality and
lodging industry and is subject to risks common to companies in
that industry.
|
|
2.
|
Summary of
Significant Accounting Policies
|
Cash Held in
Escrow
As of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008,
amounts legally restricted and held in escrow were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance escrows
|
|
$
|
13,460
|
|
|
$
|
32,133
|
|
Tax escrows
|
|
|
585,463
|
|
|
|
443,772
|
|
Replacement and renovation reserves
|
|
|
1,058,776
|
|
|
|
994,634
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
1,657,699
|
|
|
$
|
1,470,539
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred
Financing Costs
The Hotels deferred financing costs relate to fees and
costs incurred to obtain long-term financing to purchase the
hotel and related properties. These costs are amortized using
the straight-line method, which approximates the effective
interest method, over the life of the applicable mortgage and
are included as a component of interest expense. There were no
capitalized deferred financing costs during the nine-month
periods ended September 31, 2009 and 2008. Accumulated
amortization related to deferred financing costs as of
September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 was $569,738
and $521,080, respectively. Amortization expense related to
deferred financing costs for the nine month periods ended
September 30, 2009 and 2008 was $48,658.
F-30
Initial
Acquisition Hotels
Notes to Combined
Financial Statements Continued
|
|
3.
|
Property and
Equipment
|
Property and equipment at September 30, 2009 and
December 31, 2008 consisted of:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Useful
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
Lives
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
Land
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
8,882,552
|
|
|
$
|
8,882,552
|
|
Building
|
|
|
39 years
|
|
|
|
44,953,448
|
|
|
|
44,953,448
|
|
Machinery, equipment and fixtures
|
|
|
5-15 years
|
|
|
|
27,083,339
|
|
|
|
26,719,714
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Subtotal
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
80,919,339
|
|
|
|
80,555,714
|
|
Less: Accumulated depreciation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(30,971,031
|
)
|
|
|
(29,015,152
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and equipment, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
49,948,308
|
|
|
$
|
51,540,562
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation expense for the nine month periods ended
September 30, 2009 and 2008 was $1,955,879 and $1,842,784,
respectively.
|
|
4.
|
Mortgage Notes
Payable
|
Mortgage notes payable as of September 30, 2009 and
December 31, 2008 consisted of the following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mortgage notes with fixed interest rates
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.84%, maturing January 2011
|
|
$
|
34,546,641
|
|
|
$
|
35,237,130
|
|
8.69%, maturing December 2010
|
|
|
8,530,517
|
|
|
|
8,704,448
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
43,077,158
|
|
|
|
43,941,578
|
|
Less current portion
|
|
|
1,239,681
|
|
|
|
1,166,841
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long term mortgage notes payable
|
|
$
|
41,837,477
|
|
|
$
|
42,774,737
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Hotels have performed an evaluation of subsequent events
through November 30, 2009. On November 16, 2009, a
purchase and sale agreement was signed related to the
acquisition of the Hotels by Chatham Lodging Trust for a total
purchase price of $73.5 million (for all six hotels). No
other subsequent events were identified.
F-31
Shares
Common Shares
Prospectus
,
2010
Barclays Capital
PART II.
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
|
|
Item 31.
|
Other Expenses of
Issuance and Distribution.
|
The following table sets forth the costs and expenses of the
sale and distribution of the securities being registered, all of
which are being borne by the Registrant.
|
|
|
|
|
SEC registration fee
|
|
$
|
12,834
|
|
FINRA filing fee*
|
|
|
23,500
|
|
NYSE listing fee*
|
|
|
|
|
Printing and engraving fees*
|
|
|
|
|
Legal fees and expenses*
|
|
|
|
|
Accounting fees and expenses*
|
|
|
|
|
Blue Sky fees and expenses (including legal fees)*
|
|
|
|
|
Transfer agent and registrar fees*
|
|
|
|
|
Director and officer liability insurance policy premium*
|
|
|
|
|
Miscellaneous expenses*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total*
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
To be provided by amendment. |
All expenses, except the Securities and Exchange Commission
registration fee and FINRA filing fee, are estimated.
|
|
Item 32.
|
Sales to Special
Parties.
|
On October 29, 2009, we issued 1,000 common shares to
Jeffrey H. Fisher in connection with the formation and initial
capitalization of our company for an aggregate purchase price of
$10,000.
On November 3, 2009, Mr. Fisher subscribed to purchase
$10,000,000 of our common shares at a price per share equal to
the initial public offering price.
|
|
Item 33.
|
Recent Sales of
Unregistered Securities.
|
We have issued the following securities that were not registered
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
Securities Act):
On October 29, 2009, we issued 1,000 common shares to
Jeffrey H. Fisher in connection with the formation and initial
capitalization of our company for an aggregate purchase price of
$10,000.
On November 3, 2009, Mr. Fisher subscribed to purchase
$10,000,000 of our common shares at a price per share equal to
the initial public offering price.
The shares were issued in reliance on the exemption set forth in
Section 4(2) of the Securities Act and Rule 506 of
Regulation D thereunder.
|
|
Item 34.
|
Indemnification
of Trustees and Officers.
|
Maryland law permits a Maryland REIT to include in its
declaration of trust a provision limiting the liability of its
trustees and officers to the REIT and its shareholders for money
damages except for liability resulting from (a) actual
receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or
services or (b) active or deliberate dishonesty established
by a final judgment as being material to the cause of action.
Our declaration of trust contains a provision which limits the
liability of our trustees and officers to the maximum extent
permitted by Maryland law.
II-1
Our declaration of trust permits us and our bylaws obligate us,
to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law, to indemnify
and to pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final
disposition of a proceeding to (a) any present or former
trustee or officer or (b) any individual who, while a
trustee or officer and at our request, serves or has served
another REIT, corporation, partnership, limited liability
company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or any
other enterprise as a director, trustee, officer, member,
manager or partner and who is made or is threatened to be made a
party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in any
such capacity, from and against any claim or liability to which
that individual may become subject or which that individual may
incur by reason of his or her service in any such capacity and
to pay or reimburse his or her reasonable expenses in advance of
final disposition of a proceeding. Our declaration of trust and
bylaws also permit us to indemnify and advance expenses to any
person who served a predecessor of our company in any of the
capacities described above and to any employee or agent of our
company or a predecessor of our company. Maryland law requires
us to indemnify a trustee or officer who has been successful, on
the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to
which he is made a party by reason of his service in that
capacity.
The Maryland General Corporation Law permits a Maryland REIT to
indemnify and advance expenses to its trustees, officers,
employees and agents to the same extent as permitted for
directors and officers of Maryland corporations. The MGCL
permits a corporation to indemnify its present and former
directors and officers, among others, against judgments,
penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually
incurred by them in connection with any proceeding to which they
may be a party by reason of their service in those or other
capacities unless it is established that (a) the act or
omission of the director or officer was material to the matter
giving rise to the proceeding and (i) was committed in bad
faith or (ii) was a result of active and deliberate
dishonesty, (b) the director or officer actually received
an improper personal benefit in money, property or services or
(c) in the case of any criminal proceeding, the director or
officer has reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission
was unlawful. However, a Maryland corporation may not indemnify
for an adverse judgment in a suit by or in the right if the
corporation or if the director or officer was adjudged to be
liable for an improper personal benefit, unless in either case a
court orders indemnification and then only for expenses. In
accordance with the Maryland General Corporation Law and our
bylaws, our bylaws require us, as a condition to advancing
expenses, to obtain (a) a written affirmation by the
trustee or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or
she has met the standard of conduct necessary for
indemnification and (b) a written statement by or on his or
her behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by us if it
shall ultimately be determined that the standard of conduct was
not met.
We also expect to enter into indemnification agreements with our
trustees and our executive officers providing for procedures for
indemnification by us to the fullest extent permitted by law and
advancements by us of certain expenses and costs relating to
claims, suits or proceedings arising from their service to us.
We expect to obtain an insurance policy under which our trustees
and executive officers will be insured, subject to the limits of
the policy, against certain losses arising from claims made
against such trustees and officers by reason of any acts or
omissions covered under such policy in their respective
capacities as trustees or officers, including certain
liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933.
We have been advised that the SEC has expressed the opinion that
indemnification of trustees, officers or persons otherwise
controlling a company for liabilities arising under the
Securities Act of 1933 is against public policy and is therefore
unenforceable.
|
|
Item 35.
|
Treatment of
Proceeds from Shares Being Registered.
|
None of the net proceeds will be credited to an account other
than the appropriate capital share account.
II-2
|
|
Item 36.
|
Financial
Statements and Exhibits.
|
(a) Financial Statements. See
page F-1
for an index of the financial statements included in the
Registration Statement.
(b) Exhibits. The following exhibits are
filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this
registration statement on
Form S-11:
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit
|
|
|
Number
|
|
Exhibit Description
|
|
|
1
|
.1*
|
|
Form of Underwriting Agreement by and among Chatham Lodging
Trust, Chatham Lodging, L.P. and the Underwriters named therein
|
|
3
|
.1*
|
|
Form of Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of Chatham
Lodging Trust
|
|
3
|
.2*
|
|
Form of Bylaws of Chatham Lodging Trust
|
|
3
|
.3*
|
|
Agreement of Limited Partnership of Chatham Lodging, L.P.
|
|
5
|
.1*
|
|
Opinion
|
|
8
|
.1*
|
|
Tax opinion of Hunton & Williams LLP
|
|
10
|
.1*
|
|
Chatham Lodging Trust Equity Incentive Plan
|
|
10
|
.2*
|
|
Form of Employment Agreement
|
|
10
|
.3**
|
|
Subscription Agreement dated November 3, 2009 between
Jeffrey H. Fisher and Chatham Lodging Trust
|
|
10
|
.4
|
|
Purchase and Sale Agreement and Escrow Instructions for
Initial Acquisition Hotels, dated November 16, 2009
|
|
21
|
.1*
|
|
List of Subsidiaries of Chatham Lodging Trust
|
|
23
|
.1
|
|
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Consent to include Report on
Financial Statement of Chatham Lodging Trust
|
|
23
|
.2
|
|
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Consent to include Report on
Financial Statements of Initial Acquisition Hotels
|
|
23
|
.3*
|
|
Consent
(included in Exhibit 5.1)
|
|
23
|
.4*
|
|
Hunton & Williams LLP Consent (included in
Exhibit 8.1)
|
|
99
|
.1**
|
|
Consent of Miles Berger to being named as a trustee
|
|
99
|
.2**
|
|
Consent of Thomas J. Crocker to being named as a trustee
|
|
99
|
.3**
|
|
Consent of Jack P. DeBoer to being named as a trustee
|
|
99
|
.4**
|
|
Consent of C. Gerald Goldsmith to being named as a trustee
|
|
99
|
.5**
|
|
Consent of Rolf E. Ruhfus to being named as a trustee
|
|
99
|
.6**
|
|
Consent of Joel F. Zemans to being named as a trustee
|
|
|
|
* |
|
To be filed by amendment. |
(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to provide
to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting
agreement certificates in such denominations and registered in
such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt
delivery to each purchaser.
(b) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising
under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to
trustees, officers or controlling persons of the registrant
pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the
registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the
Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is
against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore,
unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification
against such liabilities (other than the payment by the
registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or
controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense
of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such
II-3
trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the
securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the
opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by
controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate
jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is
against public policy as expressed in the Act, and will be
governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
(c) The undersigned Registrant hereby further undertakes
that:
(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the
Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of
prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in
reliance under Rule 430A and contained in a form of
prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to
Rule 424(b)(1) or (4), or 497(h) under the Securities Act
shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of
the time it was declared effective.
(2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the
Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that
contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new
registration statement relating to the securities offered
herein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall
be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
II-4
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the
registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe
that it meets all of the requirements for filing on
Form S-11
and has duly caused this Amendment No. 1 to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the
City of Palm Beach, State of Florida on the 7th day of December,
2009.
CHATHAM LODGING TRUST
|
|
|
|
By:
|
/s/ Jeffrey
H. Fisher
|
Jeffrey H. Fisher
Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Amendment No. 1 has been signed below by the following
person in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Signature
|
|
Title
|
|
Date
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Jeffrey
H. Fisher
Jeffrey
H. Fisher
|
|
Chief Executive Officer and Trustee (Principal Executive
Officer, Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting
Officer)
|
|
December 7, 2009
|
II-5
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit
|
|
|
Number
|
|
Exhibit Description
|
|
|
1
|
.1*
|
|
Form of Underwriting Agreement by and among Chatham Lodging
Trust, Chatham Lodging, L.P. and the Underwriters named therein
|
|
3
|
.1*
|
|
Form of Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of Chatham
Lodging Trust
|
|
3
|
.2*
|
|
Form of Bylaws of Chatham Lodging Trust
|
|
3
|
.3*
|
|
Agreement of Limited Partnership of Chatham Lodging, L.P.
|
|
5
|
.1*
|
|
Opinion
|
|
8
|
.1*
|
|
Tax opinion of Hunton & Williams LLP
|
|
10
|
.1*
|
|
Chatham Lodging Trust Equity Incentive Plan
|
|
10
|
.2*
|
|
Form of Employment Agreement
|
|
10
|
.3**
|
|
Subscription Agreement dated November 3, 2009 between
Jeffrey H. Fisher and Chatham Lodging Trust
|
|
10
|
.4
|
|
Purchase and Sale Agreement and Escrow Instructions for
Initial Acquisition Hotels, dated November 16, 2009
|
|
21
|
.1*
|
|
List of Subsidiaries of Chatham Lodging Trust
|
|
23
|
.1
|
|
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Consent to include Report on
Financial Statement of Chatham Lodging Trust
|
|
23
|
.2
|
|
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Consent to include Report on
Financial Statements of Initial Acquisition Hotels
|
|
23
|
.3*
|
|
Consent
(included in Exhibit 5.1)
|
|
23
|
.4*
|
|
Hunton & Williams LLP Consent (included in
Exhibit 8.1)
|
|
99
|
.1**
|
|
Consent of Miles Berger to being named as a trustee
|
|
99
|
.2**
|
|
Consent of Thomas J. Crocker to being named as a trustee
|
|
99
|
.3**
|
|
Consent of Jack P. DeBoer to being named as a trustee
|
|
99
|
.4**
|
|
Consent of C. Gerald Goldsmith to being named as a trustee
|
|
99
|
.5**
|
|
Consent of Rolf E. Ruhfus to being named as a trustee
|
|
99
|
.6**
|
|
Consent of Joel F. Zemans to being named as a trustee
|
|
|
|
* |
|
To be filed by amendment. |
II-6
exv10w4
Exhibit 10.4
PURCHASE AND SALE AGREEMENT AND ESCROW INSTRUCTIONS
between
The parties designated on Exhibit A
as Seller
and
CHATHAM LODGING TRUST
as Purchaser
Homewood Suites
35 Middlesex Turnpike
Billerica, Massachusetts 01821
Homewood Suites
2261 Killebrew Drive
Bloomington, Minnesota 55425
Homewood Suites
5107 Peter Taylor Park
Brentwood, Tennessee 37027
Homewood Suites
2747 North Stemmons Freeway
Dallas, Texas 75207
Homewood Suites
2 Farm Glen Boulevard
Farmington, Connecticut 06032
Homewood Suites
290 Southhall Lane
Maitland, Florida 32751
November 16, 2009
PURCHASE AND SALE AGREEMENT AND ESCROW INSTRUCTIONS
This PURCHASE AND SALE AGREEMENT AND ESCROW INSTRUCTIONS (Agreement) is dated as of
this 16th day of November, 2009 (Effective Date), and is made by and between each of the
parties named on Exhibit A hereto (each, individually, Seller and, collectively,
Sellers), and CHATHAM LODGING TRUST, a Maryland real estate investment trust
(Purchaser).
RECITALS
A. Sellers are the owners of all of the Properties, with the specific owner of each Property
as set forth on Exhibit A.
B. Purchaser desires to purchase all of the Properties and to acquire all of Sellers
respective right, title and interest in and to the Properties, on the terms and conditions set
forth in this Agreement.
C. Sellers desire to sell to Purchaser all of the Properties and to convey to Purchaser all of
their respective right, title and interest in the Properties, on the terms and conditions set forth
in this Agreement.
D. All capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not otherwise defined shall have the
meanings ascribed to such terms in Article I.
AGREEMENT
NOW, THEREFORE, for valuable consideration, including the promises, covenants, representations
and warranties hereinafter set forth, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged,
the parties, intending to be legally and equitably bound, agree as follows.
I.
DEFINITIONS
As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings ascribed to them in this
Article I:
Alcoholic Beverages. With respect to each Property, all unopened wine, beer and
other alcoholic beverages located at the Real Property and held for consumption and/or sale in the
operation of the Hotel.
Assignment of Contracts. As set forth in Section 5.2(d) hereof.
Assignment of Intangibles. As set forth in Section 5.2(c) hereof.
1
Authorizations shall mean all licenses, permits and approvals required by any
governmental or quasi-governmental agency, body or officer for the ownership, operation and use of
the Property or any part thereof.
Bill of Sale. As set forth in Section 5.2(b) hereof.
Bookings. With respect to each Property, all contracts or reservations for the use
or occupancy of guest rooms, meeting rooms and/or banquet facilities of the Hotel for periods on
and after the Closing Date which are made in Sellers ordinary course of business for the Hotel.
Casualty. As set forth in Section 12.13.1 hereof.
Casualty Notice. As set forth in Section 12.13.1 hereof.
Casualty Renovation Cost. As set forth in Section 12.13.1 hereof.
Close of Escrow. As set forth in Section 5.1 hereof.
Closing Date. As set forth in Section 5.1 hereof.
Contracts. With respect to each Property, all leases of furniture and equipment,
all space leases, and all contracts and agreements used and/or executed in connection with the
construction, ownership, operation, occupancy and/or maintenance of the Hotel and/or the Property,
together with (a) all contracts, agreements and other obligations terminable on not more than
thirty (30) days prior notice without fee or penalty, (b) all Bookings, gift certificates, and
similar promotional arrangements entered into by Seller prior to the Effective Date, and (c) all
contracts and agreements entered into by Seller in the ordinary course of business, but only to the
extent expressly permitted, and disclosed to Purchaser as required, by the terms of this Agreement,
but excluding, in each case, the Franchise Agreement, provided Purchaser shall have the right, by
notice delivered to Seller during the Due Diligence Period, to require that, by Close of Escrow,
Seller terminate or give notice of termination with respect to any or all Contracts that can be
terminated without penalty, or with penalty if Purchaser agrees to assume the penalty. All of the
Material Contracts in effect as of the Effective Date are described on Exhibit C attached
hereto.
Cooperating Party. As set forth in Section 12.5 hereof.
Cut-Off Time. As set forth in Section 5.5.4 hereof.
Due Diligence Materials. As set forth in Section 4.3 hereof.
Due Diligence Period. As set forth in Section 4.3 hereof.
Earnest Money Deposit. As set forth in Section 2.2.1 hereof.
Environmental Damages. As set forth in Section 4.4.1(j) hereof.
Environmental Requirements. As set forth in Section 4.4.1(k) hereof.
2
Escrow. As set forth in Section 3.1 hereof.
Escrow Holder. Chicago Title Insurance Company
Exchangor. As set forth in Section 12.15 hereof.
Excluded Assets. With respect to each Property, the Proprietary Computer Systems,
the Excluded Documents, cash, cash equivalents, checks and other funds, including, without
limitation, till money, house banks, Sellers Accounts Receivable, notes, securities and other
evidence of indebtedness held at the Hotel as of the Cut-Off Time, and balances on deposit to the
credit of Seller with banking institutions, all of which shall be retained by Seller.
Excluded Documents. With respect to each Property, all (a) internal memoranda,
correspondence, analyses, documents or reports prepared by or for Seller or any affiliate of Seller
in connection with the sale of the Property or otherwise, including, without limitation, tax
returns or financial statements of Seller (exclusive of operating statements of the Hotel which
shall be available for review by Purchaser) for or in connection with its ownership or operation of
the Property (but excluding any historical sales/customer data used in the ordinary course of
business which shall be provided to Purchaser), (b) communications between Seller or any affiliate
and its attorneys or other agents or representatives, (c) employee personnel files of Seller and
the manager of the Hotel, (d) appraisals, assessments or other valuations of the Property in the
possession of Sellers, (e) original bills, invoices, receipts and checks relating to expenses
incurred prior to the Cut-Off Time (provided that Purchaser shall be entitled to copies of such
items), and (f) any confidential or proprietary information of any Seller in Sellers possession,
in each case however embodied.
Food Inventory. With respect to each Property, all unopened food, food stuffs, menu
stock and non-alcoholic beverages located at the Real Property and held for consumption and/or sale
in the operation of the Hotel.
Franchise Agreement. With respect to each Property, the franchise agreement to be
entered into by Purchaser with Franchisor at or prior to Closing or, if an existing franchise
agreement is being assumed by Purchaser pursuant to the election of Franchisor, then the assumed
franchise agreement from and after Closing.
Franchisor. With respect to each Property, the franchisor having entered into an
existing franchise agreement or which will enter into a new Franchise Agreement.
Good Funds. A deposit of cashiers check, certified funds, or confirmed wire
transfer of funds.
Hazardous Materials. As set forth in Section 4.4.1(l) hereof.
Hotel. With respect to each Property, the hospitality business (including restaurant
and lounge services and businesses) operated and conducted by Seller on the Real Property.
Improvements. With respect to each Property, the buildings, structures, and other
permanent improvements located on the Land, including, without limitation, electrical
3
distribution systems, HVAC systems, walkways, driveways, parking lots, recreational
facilities, plumbing, swimming pool, lighting, and mechanical equipment and fixtures installed
thereon, and all rights, benefits and privileges appurtenant thereto.
Intangible Property. With respect to each Property, all (a) fictitious business
names and logos used by Seller in the operation of the Hotel and which are identified exclusively
with the Hotel, but excluding the franchise proprietary names, (b) local telephone and facsimile
exchange numbers identified exclusively with the Hotel, (c) transferable certificates (including
the Certificate of Occupancy for the Real Property), licenses (including liquor licenses, to the
extent transferable), permits and warranties now in effect with respect to the Property
(specifically excluding, however the franchise name for the Hotel) at no cost to Seller, (d)
internet sites and names associated with each hotel (URLs), (e) plans, specifications and surveys
and (f) all other intangible property located at the Real Property and used by Seller exclusively
in connection with the ownership and operation of the Hotel, but excluding the Excluded Assets.
Intermediary. As set forth in Section 12.15.3 hereof.
Inventory. With respect to each Property, all unopened operating inventories,
materials and supplies used in connection with the operation of the Hotel and located thereat,
including linens, bath towels, paper goods and guest supplies, and all gift shop inventory owned by
Seller, including without limitation, Alcoholic Beverages.
IPO Condition. As set forth in Section 8.2(d) hereof.
Land. With respect to each Property, the land, as more particularly described on
Exhibit B attached hereto and upon which the Improvements are located, including all
easements, rights-of-way, strips, zones, licenses, transferable hereditaments, privileges,
tenements and appurtenants belonging to the Land including any development rights, water rights and
mineral rights, and any right or interest in any open or proposed highways, streets, roads,
avenues, alleys, easements, strips, gores and rights-of-way in, across, in front of, contiguous to,
abutting or adjoining the Land, and other rights and benefits running with the Land and/or the
owner of the Land.
Liabilities. As set forth in Section 12.15.2 hereof.
Liquor Licenses. With respect to each Property, the liquor licenses relating to the
operation of the restaurant and lounge businesses at the Real Property, as described in Section 2.4
hereof.
Management Agreement With respect to each Property, the management agreement with a
third-party manager currently in existence.
Material Contracts. With respect to each Property, those Contracts which require
more than thirty (30) days notice of termination or the payment of a fee or penalty in connection
with such termination or which involve payment obligations by any Seller or third-party manager in
excess of Fifty Thousand Dollars ($50,000.00).
Non-Foreign Affidavit. As set forth in Section 5.2(e) hereof.
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Notice. As set forth in Article XI hereof.
Opening of Escrow. As set forth in Section 3.1 hereof.
PCA Report. As set forth in Section 4.3.9 hereof.
Permitted Exceptions. As set forth in Section 4.2 hereof.
Personal Property. With respect to each Property, all (a) keys and combinations to
all doors, cabinets, enclosures and other locks on or about the Real Property, (b) furniture,
equipment, appliances, televisions, telephone systems, artwork, machinery, tools, trade fixtures,
linens, towels, utensils, china, glassware, and theme park tickets and other personal property
owned by Seller, located on the Real Property, including those used in the operation of any
restaurants and other ancillary hotel operations, and which are used exclusively in connection with
the operation of the Hotel and/or the Real Property, (c) copies of files maintained or generated by
Seller and/or Sellers Hotel manager in the course of, and related to, the operation of the Hotel
(excluding the Excluded Documents and other materials proprietary to Seller) which are located on
the Real Property, (d) the Restaurant Equipment, (e) the Food Inventory, (f) any vehicles owned by
Seller and used in the operation of the Hotel, (g) to the extent transferable to Purchaser, the
Liquor License, and (h) all other personal property located at the Real Property with respect to
which Seller is the owner thereof and which is used by Seller exclusively in connection with the
ownership and operation of the Hotel and/or the Real Property; but excluding, however, (i) the
Excluded Assets, (ii) the personal property owned by any tenant or guest on the Real Property,
(iii) all refunds and claims for refunds for real property and personal property taxes in
connection with the Property for any period prior to the Close of Escrow, and (iv) all tax and
utilities and other deposits.
Physical Condition. A structural or environmental defect or defects identified by
an independent and qualified structural or environmental consultant (Consultant) in a
property condition assessment report or an environmental site assessment report issued by such
Consultant (either, an Inspection Report).
Property. With respect to each Seller, the Improvements, the Hotel, the Personal
Property, the Inventory, and the Intangible Property owned by such Seller.
Proprietary Computer Systems. With respect to each Property, the computer software,
hardware, programs, processes and procedures set forth for such Property on Exhibit C
attached hereto.
Proprietary Information. As set forth in Section 12.18 hereof.
Purchase Price. As set forth in Section 2.2 hereof.
Real Property. With respect to each Property, the Land and the Improvements.
Registration Statement. As set forth in Section 8.2(d) hereof.
Reports. As set forth in Section 4.4.1(e) hereof.
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Restaurant Equipment. With respect to each Property, all equipment, furniture,
fixtures, utensils, glassware, silverware and china used in connection with the operation of all
restaurants and lounges on the Real Property.
Sellers Accounts Receivable. With respect to each Property, all accounts
receivable and other sums owing Seller in connection with the operation of the Hotel prior to the
Close of Escrow existing on and prior to the Close of Escrow.
Survey. As set forth in Section 4.2 hereof.
Title Commitment. As set forth in Section 4.1 hereof.
Title Insurer. Chicago Title Insurance Company, 1129 20th Street, NW,
Suite 300, Washington, DC 20036
Title Policy. As set forth in Section 4.2 hereof.
WARN Act. As set forth in Section 6.3 hereof.
II.
SALE AND PURCHASE OF PROPERTY
2.1 Purchase of Property. As of the Close of Escrow, and subject to the terms and
conditions of this Agreement, each Seller shall sell, assign, convey, transfer and deliver to
Purchaser, and Purchaser shall purchase and acquire from each Seller, such Sellers fee title in
the Improvements, good and marketable title in the Land and the Personal Property and the
Inventory, and all of such Sellers right, title and interest in and to the Contracts, and the
Intangible Property, free and clear of all monetary liens and encumbrances (other than the
Contracts and the Permitted Exceptions), at the purchase price provided in Section 2.2 hereof. For
the avoidance of doubt, this transaction is for a purchase and sale of all, and not less than all,
of the Properties owned by the Sellers.
2.2 Purchase Price and Terms of Payment. The aggregate purchase price for the
Properties (Purchase Price) shall be Seventy-three Million Five Hundred Thousand Dollars
($73,500,000), allocated as indicated on Exhibit A-1 (which allocation shall be incorporated into
Exhibit A-1 by not later than ten (10) days following the date hereof), and shall consist of and be
payable as follows:
2.2.1 Earnest Money Deposit. Within two (2) business days following the Effective
Date, Purchaser shall deliver to Escrow Holder, in Good Funds, the sum of One Million Five Hundred
Thousand Dollars ($1,500,000) (together with all interest accrued thereon, and the Additional
Deposit, if delivered, the Earnest Money Deposit). The Earnest Money Deposit shall be
fully refundable to Purchaser if Purchaser elects to terminate this Agreement for any reason on or
before the 30th day following the Effective Date (Due Diligence Period). If
Purchaser has not elected to terminate this Agreement and cancel the Escrow prior to the later of
(i) the end of the Due Diligence Period and (ii) the end of the Limited Due Diligence Period, if
any, then, within two (2) business days, Purchaser shall increase the Earnest Money Deposit to
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Two Million Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($2,500,000) (without regard to any interest
earnings, provided that any interest earned thereon shall become part of the Earnest Money Deposit)
by delivery to Escrow Holder of the additional sum of One Million Dollars ($1,000,000) (the
Additional Deposit) in Good Funds. In the event of any failure by Purchaser to timely
deliver the Additional Deposit, if Purchaser has not remedied such failure within one (1) business
day following written notice of such failure from Seller to Purchaser, Seller shall have the
absolute right by written notice to Purchaser, given at any time prior to the posting of the
Additional Deposit, to terminate this Agreement, whereupon Seller shall be entitled to receive the
Earnest Money Deposit. Upon expiration of the later of (i) the Due Diligence Period and (ii) the
Limited Due Diligence Period, if any, unless Purchaser has timely terminated this Agreement, the
Earnest Money Deposit shall thereafter be non-refundable to Purchaser, except (a) in the event of a
material default by Seller of its obligations under this Agreement that is not cured within any
applicable cure period provided in this Agreement, (b) upon the failure of a condition precedent to
Purchasers obligations as set forth in this Agreement, or (c) as otherwise specifically provided
in this Agreement. The Earnest Money Deposit shall be applied to the Purchaser Price on the
Closing Date in the event Closing occurs.
2.2.2 Existing Indebtedness. The Properties shall be sold free and clear of any
existing indebtedness.
2.2.3 Balance of Purchase Price. Not later than 11:00 a.m. Washington, DC time on the
Closing Date, Purchaser shall deposit with Escrow Holder, in Good Funds, the balance of the
Purchase Price, reduced or increased by such amounts required to take into account by such
prorations, credits, costs or other adjustments which are required by this Agreement and which can
be computed and determined as of the time for the required deposit hereunder.
2.3 Assumption of the Contracts. As additional consideration, Purchaser shall, on and
as of the Close of Escrow, at its sole cost and expense, assume and agree to pay all sums and
perform, fulfill and comply with all other covenants and obligations which are to be paid,
performed and complied with by Sellers under the Contracts, that Purchaser is, pursuant to the
provisions of this Agreement, required to assume, which first arise or accrue on and after the
Closing Date.
2.4 Liquor Licenses and Alcoholic Beverages. Seller will cooperate in all reasonable
respects (which shall include, without limitation, supplying information known to Seller and
execution of such documents as may be legally required) with Purchaser in connection with
Purchasers application for transfer of the Liquor License to Purchaser or issuance of new liquor
licenses. If Purchaser is unable to obtain the transfer of the Liquor License or issuance of new
liquor licenses (temporary or permanent) prior to the Closing, provided that Purchaser has taken
all commercially reasonable measures to obtain cause such transfer or obtain such new license,
then, on the Closing Date, Seller shall cause the current licensee of the applicable Hotel
(License Holder) enter into a lease, concession or management agreement with Purchaser, to the
extent legally permissible, whereby License Holder shall, for a period not to exceed ninety (90)
days, operate the liquor concessions at the Hotel under Sellers or License Holders existing
liquor license at no cost or expense to Purchaser pending the transfer or issuance of the Liquor
License to Purchaser. Purchaser shall indemnify, defend and hold the License Holder harmless
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from and against any and all claims, liabilities, costs and expenses (including, without
limitation, reasonable attorneys fees and costs) arising in connection with such operation, except
to the extent of any negligence or willful misconduct of License Holder or any of its agents or
employees in such respect, and provide insurance coverage naming License Holder as an additional
named insured.
III.
ESCROW
3.1 Opening of Escrow. Purchaser and Sellers shall promptly open an escrow
(Escrow) with Escrow Holder by depositing with Escrow Holder the Earnest Money Deposit
and three (3) copies of this Agreement duly executed (in counterparts or otherwise) by Sellers and
Purchaser. The time when Escrow Holder so receives the Earnest Money Deposit and the copies of
this Agreement, fully executed by the parties and executes and delivers copies thereof to Sellers
and Purchaser, shall be deemed the Opening of Escrow. Purchaser and Sellers shall
execute and deliver to Escrow Holder, in a timely fashion, such instruments and funds as are
reasonably necessary to close the Escrow and consummate the sale and purchase of the Property (or
the exchange thereof, if applicable) in accordance with the terms and provisions of this Agreement.
3.2 Escrow Holders General Provisions. In the event of any conflict between the
provisions of the typed portion of this Agreement and Escrow Holders General Provisions (if any),
the provisions of the typed portion of this Agreement shall be controlling and the General
Provisions will be deemed amended accordingly.
3.3 Additional Escrow Holder Requirements. If there are any requirements imposed by
Escrow Holder relating to the duties or obligations of Escrow Holder, or if Escrow Holder requires
any other additional instructions, the parties agree to make such deletions, substitutions and
additions to this Agreement which do not cause more than a ministerial or de minimis change to this
Agreement or its intent. Any such changes requested by Escrow Holder shall be subject to written
approval of the parties, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or conditioned.
3.4 Deposit of Funds. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, all funds
deposited into the Escrow by Purchaser shall be immediately deposited by Escrow Holder into
Treasury Bills or other short-term United States Government obligations, in repurchase contracts
for the same, or in a federally insured money market account, subject to the control of Escrow
Holder in a bank or savings and loan association, or such other institution approved by Purchaser;
provided, however, that such funds must be readily available as necessary to comply with the terms
of this Agreement and Escrow Holders escrow instructions (including the return of the Earnest
Money Deposit, or any portion thereof then on deposit with Escrow Holder, to Purchaser in
accordance with this Agreement), and for the Escrow to close within the time specified in Section
5.1 of this Agreement. Except as may be otherwise specifically provided herein, interest on
amounts placed by Escrow Holder in any such investments or interest bearing accounts shall accrue
to the benefit of Purchaser, and Purchaser shall promptly provide to Escrow Holder Purchasers Tax
Identification Number.
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3.5 Release of Funds by Escrow Holder. Escrow Holders obligation, if any, under this
Agreement to release the Earnest Money Deposit, and any other funds, prior to the Close of Escrow
is subject to such funds having cleared through the bank, savings and loan, or other financial
institution on which such funds are drawn. Escrow Holder shall make such payments only in strict
accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, and Purchaser and Sellers agree to save and hold
Escrow Holder harmless in disbursing and releasing the funds as specified in this Agreement.
Purchaser and Sellers represent to Escrow Holder that the release instructions set forth in this
Agreement are made of their own free will, under no duress, and with full understanding of the
consequences thereof, not relying on any information furnished or statements made by Escrow Holder.
IV.
CONDITION OF TITLE
4.1 Title Commitment. Within five (5) days after the Opening of Escrow, Escrow
Holder, at Purchasers sole cost and expense, shall cause to be furnished to Purchaser, with a copy
to Sellers, a current commitment for a 2006 A.L.T.A. Owners Policy of Title Insurance (standard
coverage) for each Property issued by Title Insurer (Title Commitment) reflecting the
status of title to the Real Property, and all exceptions, including easements, licenses,
restrictions, rights-of-way, leases, covenants, reservations and other conditions, if any,
affecting the Real Property, which would appear in a 2006 A.L.T.A. Owners Policy of Title
Insurance (standard coverage) if used, and committing to issue the 2006 A.L.T.A. Owners Policy of
Title Insurance (standard coverage) to Purchaser for the Real Property and the Improvements in the
full amount of the Purchase Price. Accompanying the Title Commitment, Escrow Holder shall cause to
be furnished to Purchaser, to the extent available, legible copies of the documents affecting the
Real Property referred to in the Title Commitment.
4.2 Title to the Real Property. Effective as of the Closing Date, but conditioned
upon the Close of Escrow, Title Insurer shall issue to Purchaser for each Property Title Insurers
2006 A.L.T.A. Owners Policy of Title Insurance (standard coverage) (Title Policy), with
the liability under the Title Policies to be in an aggregate amount equal of the Purchase Price,
insuring the fee title in Real Property as vested in Purchaser subject only to the following
matters affecting title (Permitted Exceptions).
(a) All general and special property taxes and assessments not yet delinquent, and all
improvement and assessment bonds;
(b) Supplemental taxes, if any, assessed as a result of the sale of the Real Property
and the Improvements by Seller to Purchaser;
(c) Subject to the provisions of Section 4.4 hereof, all liens, covenants, conditions,
restrictions, easements, rights of way, and all other exceptions to title as referenced in
the Title Commitments, except monetary liens and encumbrances (except as caused by
Purchaser) which Seller shall remove at or prior to the Close of Escrow;
9
(d) Subject to Section 4.4 hereof, all exceptions to title disclosed by the
Surveys (and any updates thereto) of the Real Property for the Title Policy (including,
without limitation, easements, encroachments and zoning);
(e) Guests of the Hotels in the ordinary course of business and rights of parties in
possession not shown by the public records, but only with respect to those which Purchaser
has actual knowledge thereof prior to expiration of the Due Diligence Period or has
consented to thereafter;
(f) Governmental laws, codes, ordinances and restrictions now or hereafter in effect so
far as these affect the Real Property or any part thereof, including, without limitation,
zoning ordinances (and amendments and additions relating thereto) and the Americans with
Disabilities Act of 1990, as amended;
(g) Any exceptions created by Purchaser or its agents, employees and/or contractors,
including without limitation, any exceptions arising by reason of the entry on the Real
Property by Purchaser or by its agents, employees and/or contractors; and
(h) All preprinted exceptions and exclusions contained in the Title Policies not
customarily removed upon receipt by the Title Company of its standard sellers affidavit as
to liens and possession through the Close of Escrow, to be provided by Seller.
Purchaser shall have the right to obtain from Title Insurer such endorsements to the Title Policies
and/or such additional liability protection as Purchaser may elect to obtain; provided, however,
that Purchasers ability to obtain such title endorsements and/or such additional liability
protection shall not be a condition precedent to Purchasers obligations hereunder and shall not
extend or delay the Close of Escrow; provided further, however, that Seller shall execute and
deliver to the Title Insurer such certified organizational documents and consents, affidavits,
agreements, and undertakings (including, without limitation, gap undertakings), as may be required
by the Title Insurer in order to issue the Title Policies with affirmative coverage over mechanics
liens. Purchaser shall be solely responsible for negotiating with Title Insurer with respect to
the Title Policies and/or with respect to such title endorsements and/or such additional liability
protection as may be requested by Purchaser, if any. With respect to each Property, Seller will
deliver to Purchaser a copy of any survey of the Real Property in its possession, without warranty,
and Purchaser shall be solely responsible for, and shall assume the risk of, obtaining a survey (or
updating Sellers survey) of the Real Property (Survey) acceptable to Title Insurer for
purposes of issuing the Title Policy.
4.3 Inspection and Due Diligence Review.
4.3.1 Purchaser shall have the right, in its sole discretion, until 5:00 p.m. Washington, DC
time on the 30th day following the Effective Date, to satisfy itself, in its sole and
absolute discretion, as to the condition and extent of the Property (Due Diligence
Period). Subject to the prior termination of this Agreement, during the term of this
Agreement, Sellers shall cooperate and provide Purchaser with reasonable and continuing access to
the Real Property or any due diligence materials required hereunder upon one (1) business day prior
Notice to Sellers for the purpose of Purchasers inspection and due diligence review. In
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connection with such review, Seller shall deliver to Purchaser or make available to Purchaser
at the respective Hotel during normal business hours during the Due Diligence Period, all records,
including non-proprietary financial reports, the instruments evidencing the Contracts pertaining to
the Hotels and any other documents, which are in or under Sellers or Sellers property managers
control and relate to the operation of the Hotels or any other matter affecting the Property
(Due Diligence Materials), except that Sellers shall have no obligation to deliver or
make available to Purchaser, and Purchaser shall have no right to review, the Excluded Assets and
the Excluded Documents. Neither Purchaser nor any of its employees, agents or representatives
shall contact or otherwise discuss this transaction and /or the operation of the Hotels with any
on-site employees of the Hotels; provided, however, that Purchaser may meet with any Hotels
General Manager (or other designee) upon not less than one (1) business days Notice to Sellers but
only in the presence of Sellers representative (unless waived).
4.3.2 Purchaser acknowledges that prior to the date of this Agreement, Sellers have delivered
to Purchaser, or Sellers have provided Purchaser with access to, certain Due Diligence Materials.
Purchaser shall have until the expiration of the Due Diligence Period to review and approve the Due
Diligence Materials.
4.3.3 During the Due Diligence Period, Purchaser shall also have the opportunity to conduct a
Phase I environmental audit/study of all Real Property, provided such Phase I environmental
audit/study is not invasive or intrusive. Any environmental audit/study, other than the Phase I,
proposed to be undertaken by Purchaser shall be subject to Sellers written approval, which shall
not be unreasonably withheld, prior to the commencement thereof. As a condition to any such
consent, Purchaser shall, or shall cause the entity conducting the Phase I environmental
audit/study to, obtain and maintain such public liability insurance in an amount of Two Million
Dollars ($2,000,000) for each Property, naming as an additional insured the Seller owning such Real
Property. At any time prior to 5:00 p.m. Washington, DC time on the last day of the Due Diligence
Period, Purchaser shall have the right in its sole discretion to terminate this Agreement for any
reason or no reason at all, in which event Escrow Holder shall deliver the Earnest Money Deposit to
Purchaser.
4.3.4 Purchaser, at all times, will conduct such due diligence in compliance with all
applicable laws, and in a manner so as to not cause damage, loss, cost or expense to Sellers, any
Property or the tenants or guests of any Property, and without unreasonably interfering with or
disturbing any employee, tenant or guest at the Hotels. Purchaser will promptly restore any damage
to the Property caused by Purchasers inspection to its condition immediately preceding such
inspections and examinations and will keep the Property free and clear of any mechanics liens or
materialmens liens in connection with such inspections and examinations.
4.3.5 The cost of the inspections and tests undertaken pursuant to this Section 4.3 shall be
borne solely by Purchaser. Purchaser shall indemnify, protect, defend, and hold Sellers, Sellers
lenders, and their affiliates, owners, agents and employees harmless from and against any
obligation, liability, claim (including any claim for damage to property or injury to or death of
any persons), lien or encumbrance, loss, damage, cost or expense, including reasonable attorneys
fees, whether or not legal proceedings are instituted, arising from the acts or omissions of
Purchaser or its agents, employees or contractors occurring in connection with, or as a result of,
such inspections, tests or examinations of any Property. In the event that
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Purchaser elects to terminate this Agreement prior to the end of the Due Diligence Period or upon any other
termination of this Agreement, except by reason of Sellers default, Purchaser shall deliver to
Seller copies of all third-party reports received by Purchaser with respect to the Property.
4.3.6 Subject to Section 12.17, until Close of Escrow, Purchaser shall endeavor in good faith
not to disseminate any information or materials disclosed and/or delivered to it by Sellers, or
Sellers agents, employees and representatives which relate to the operations of the Property and
whose dissemination could harm the operations of the Property. Purchaser also agrees that in the
event the transactions contemplated in this Agreement are not consummated as provided herein,
Purchaser shall return all information and materials disclosed and/or delivered to it by Sellers,
or Sellers agents, employees and representatives, and all copies thereof, to Sellers promptly upon
Sellers request.
4.3.7 Except as expressly provided in this Agreement, Sellers make no representations or
warranties as to the truth, accuracy or completeness of any materials, data or other information,
if any, supplied to Purchaser in connection with Purchasers inspection of the Property (e.g., that
such materials are complete, accurate or the final version thereof, or that all such materials are
in Sellers possession). It is the parties express understanding and agreement that any such
materials are to be provided only for Purchasers convenience in making its own examination and
determination prior to the expiration of the Due Diligence Period as to whether it wishes to
purchase the Properties, and, in doing so, Purchaser shall rely exclusively on its own independent
investigation and evaluation of every aspect of each Property and not on any materials supplied by
Sellers. Purchaser expressly disclaims any intent to rely on any such materials provided to it by
Sellers in connection with its inspection and agrees that it shall rely solely on its own
independently developed or verified information.
4.3.8 The obligations of Purchaser under this Section 4.3 (including its indemnification
obligations) shall survive the Close of Escrow or the termination of this Agreement.
4.3.9 Notwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary, so long as Purchaser has ordered
(i) the Phase I environmental audit/study (the Environmental Report) and (ii) an
engineering PCA report (the PCA Report) (together the Environmental Report and the PCA
Report are referred to as the Reports) by the seventh (7th) business days following the
Effective Date, then, in the event that any one or more of these items has not been delivered by
the date which is the fourth (4th ) business day prior to the expiration of the Due
Diligence Period (a Late Report), Purchaser shall have the right, by written notice to
Seller, given not later than the expiration of the third (3rd ) business day prior to
the expiration of the Due Diligence Period, to extend its right to terminate this Agreement (and to
receive a refund of the Deposit) for an additional fifteen (15) day period (the Limited Due
Diligence Period), but such extended right to terminate shall be exercisable solely by reason
of unsatisfactory matters disclosed in the Late Report during such Limited Due Diligence Period.
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4.4 Notice of Non-Satisfaction.
4.4.1 Within ten (10) business days of receipt of the Title Commitment and the Survey with
respect to a Property, Purchaser shall notify Sellers, by Notice, of any objections to
exceptions appearing in the Title Commitment. Within five (5) business days following
Purchasers Notice, Sellers shall notify Purchaser, by Notice, (i) that Sellers will, prior to the
Closing Date, eliminate the exceptions to which Purchaser objects, or (ii) that Sellers decline to
eliminate specified exceptions. If Sellers elect not to take such actions as may be required by
the Title Insurer to remove all exceptions to title to which Purchaser has objected, Purchaser may
within three (3) days terminate this Agreement in its sole discretion and receive a return of the
Earnest Money Deposit. If Sellers agree to take the actions necessary to eliminate all exceptions
to which Purchaser has objected, then such exceptions shall not be Permitted Exceptions, Sellers
shall cause such exceptions to be removed prior to or at Close of Escrow, and Sellers failure to
do so shall be a default under this Agreement. If Purchaser fails to provide Notice of
cancellation within the Due Diligence Period as provided for herein, Purchaser shall be deemed to
have approved the state of the Properties and the condition of title, and shall be deemed to have
waived its rights to terminate this Agreement by reason of such title objections and cancel the
Escrow by reason of such title objections under this Section 4.4.
4.5 Condition of the Property. SUBJECT TO THE EXPRESS PROVISIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT
AND EXCEPTING ALL REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF SELLER EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT OR
ANY DOCUMENT DELIVERED AT CLOSING:
(a) BY ENTERING INTO THIS AGREEMENT, PURCHASER HAS AGREED TO, AND WILL, PERFORM (AND
PURCHASER REPRESENTS AND WARRANTS TO SELLERS THAT PURCHASER IS CAPABLE OF PERFORMING) A
SOPHISTICATED, EXPERT, THOROUGH AND INDEPENDENT INVESTIGATION, ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF
THE LAND AND THE PROPERTY. PRIOR TO THE EXPIRATION OF THE DUE DILIGENCE PERIOD, PURCHASER
WILL HAVE DETERMINED, SUBJECT TO THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT, THAT THE LAND
AND THE PROPERTY ARE ACCEPTABLE TO PURCHASER. PRIOR TO THE EXPIRATION OF THE DUE DILIGENCE
PERIOD, PURCHASER WILL HAVE CONDUCTED ITS OWN THOROUGH AND INDEPENDENT INSPECTION,
INVESTIGATION, ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF ALL INSTRUMENTS, RECORDS AND DOCUMENTS WHICH
PURCHASER MAY DETERMINE TO BE APPROPRIATE OR ADVISABLE TO REVIEW IN CONNECTION WITH
PURCHASERS ACQUISITION OF THE PROPERTY AND THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED BY THIS AGREEMENT,
AND PURCHASER WILL EITHER HAVE DETERMINED, SUBJECT TO THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS
AGREEMENT, THAT THE INFORMATION AND DATA CONTAINED THEREIN OR EVIDENCED THEREBY ARE
SATISFACTORY TO PURCHASER, OR TERMINATED THIS AGREEMENT PRIOR TO THE EXPIRATION OF THE DUE
DILIGENCE PERIOD.
(b) PURCHASER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT SELLERS ARE NOT THE DEVELOPERS OR THE ORIGINAL OWNERS
OF THE REAL PROPERTY OR THE HOTELS. PURCHASER FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT, PRIOR TO THE
EXPIRATION OF THE DUE DILIGENCE PERIOD, PURCHASER WILL HAVE
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THOROUGHLY INSPECTED AND EXAMINED, AND, FAILING A TERMINATION OF THIS AGREEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 4.4,
UNCONDITIONALLY AND IRREVOCABLY APPROVED, ALL ELEMENTS COMPRISING THE LAND AND THE PROPERTY, AND ALL
FACTORS RELATED TO THEIR USE AND OPERATION. PURCHASER HEREBY RELEASES AND FOREVER
DISCHARGES SELLERS FROM ANY AND ALL CLAIMS, LOSSES, DAMAGES, LIABILITIES OR OBLIGATIONS
ARISING OUT OF OR IN ANY WAY RELATED TO ALL OF THE ITEMS LISTED IN THIS SECTION, WHICH
RELEASE AND DISCHARGE FROM LIABILITY SHALL SURVIVE THE CLOSE OF ESCROW.
(c) PURCHASER ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT PURCHASERS FAILURE TO TERMINATE THIS
AGREEMENT AND CANCEL THE ESCROW PRIOR TO THE EXPIRATION OF THE DUE DILIGENCE PERIOD SHALL BE
CONCLUSIVELY DEEMED PURCHASERS AFFIRMATION THAT IT HAS COMPLETED ITS INVESTIGATIONS AND DUE
DILIGENCE REVIEW OF THE LAND AND THE PROPERTY AND HAS APPROVED THE CONDITION AND STATE
THEREOF.
(d) PURCHASER FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT PURCHASER HAS SUBSTANTIAL EXPERIENCE WITH REAL
PROPERTY, HOTELS AND HOTEL OPERATIONS, AND THAT PURCHASER WILL ACQUIRE THE PROPERTY IN
AS IS, WHERE IS, WITH ALL FAULTS CONDITION, AND SOLELY IN RELIANCE ON PURCHASERS
OWN INSPECTION AND EXAMINATION AND SELLERS REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES CONTAINED HEREIN.
PURCHASER WAIVES ANY OBLIGATION ON THE PART OF SELLERS, OR ANY OTHER PERSON, TO DISCLOSE
ANY DEFECTS OR OTHER DEFICIENCIES OR LIABILITIES IN OR WITH RESPECT TO THE PROPERTY.
(e) IT IS EXPRESSLY UNDERSTOOD AND AGREED THAT SELLERS MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS,
WARRANTIES OR GUARANTIES OF ANY KIND, NATURE OR SORT, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO
THE PHYSICAL CONDITION, PAST, PRESENT OR FUTURE OPERATION AND/OR PERFORMANCE, OR VALUE, OF
ANY PROPERTY. SELLERS CONVEY THE PROPERTY TO PURCHASER AS IS AND WHERE IS, WITH ALL
FAULTS, AND PURCHASER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT SELLERS MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS, GUARANTIES OR
WARRANTIES WHATSOEVER, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO THE QUALITY, CHARACTER, EXTENT,
PERFORMANCE, CONDITION OR SUITABILITY OF THE PROPERTY FOR ANY PURPOSE. PURCHASER
ACKNOWLEDGES THAT PURCHASER SHALL BE SOLELY RESPONSIBLE AND LIABLE FOR ASCERTAINING THE
TRANSFERABILITY OF ALL LICENSES, PERMITS AND OTHER GOVERNMENTAL CONSENTS FOR THE OWNERSHIP,
USE AND OPERATION OF THE PROPERTY, AND SHALL BE SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR OBTAINING THE
TRANSFERS THEREOF, PROVIDED SELLER SHALL USE COMMERCIALLY REASONABLE EFFORTS (BUT AT NO COST
TO SELLER) TO
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COOPERATE WITH AND ASSIST PURCHASER IN OBTAINING THE TRANSFER OF OR NEW
LICENSES, PERMITS AND CONSENTS AS NECESSARY.
(f) PURCHASERS INSPECTION, INVESTIGATION AND SURVEY OF THE LAND AND THE PROPERTY,
DURING THE DUE DILIGENCE PERIOD, SHALL BE IN LIEU OF ANY NOTICE OR DISCLOSURE REQUIRED BY
ANY APPLICABLE LAW, RULE OR REGULATION, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, LAWS REQUIRING
DISCLOSURE BY SELLER OF FLOOD, FIRE, MOLD, SEISMIC HAZARDS, LEAD PAINT, MELLO ROOS,
LANDSLIDE AND LIQUEFACTION, OTHER GEOLOGICAL HAZARDS, RAILROAD AND OTHER UTILITY ACCESS,
SOIL CONDITIONS AND OTHER CONDITIONS WHICH MAY AFFECT THE USE OF THE REAL PROPERTY, AND
PURCHASER HEREBY WAIVES ANY REQUIREMENT FOR A NOTICE PURSUANT TO THOSE PROVISIONS AND HEREBY
ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT IT IS FAMILIAR WITH SUCH DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS AND WILL
CONDUCT ITS OWN DUE DILIGENCE WITH RESPECT TO ALL MATTERS COVERED THEREBY, AND HEREBY
RELEASES SELLERS FROM LIABILITY IN CONNECTION WITH ANY SUCH MATTERS THAT ARE NOT THE SUBJECT
OF ANY OF SELLERS REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. PURCHASER SHALL BE DEEMED TO HAVE
APPROVED ALL CONDITIONS PERTAINING TO THE PROPERTY UNLESS IT CANCELS THE ESCROW IN
ACCORDANCE HEREWITH ON OR BEFORE THE END OF THE DUE DILIGENCE PERIOD.
(g) PURCHASER ALSO ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT, ALTHOUGH SELLERS HAVE PROVIDED TO
PURCHASER CERTAIN REPORTS, STUDIES AND SURVEYS FOR OR REGARDING THE REAL PROPERTY
(REPORTS), SELLERS HAVE NOT VERIFIED THE ACCURACY THEREOF AND MAKES NO
REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES REGARDING THE MATTERS SET FORTH THEREIN, IT BEING THE
RESPONSIBILITY OF PURCHASER TO VERIFY THE ACCURACY OF SUCH REPORTS. PURCHASER HEREBY
RELEASES AND FOREVER DISCHARGES SELLERS FROM ANY AND ALL CLAIMS, LOSSES, DAMAGES,
LIABILITIES OR OBLIGATIONS ARISING OUT OF OR IN ANY WAY RELATED TO ALL OF THE ITEMS LISTED
IN THIS PARAGRAPH, WHICH RELEASE AND DISCHARGE FROM LIABILITY SHALL SURVIVE THE CLOSE OF
ESCROW.
(h) FURTHERMORE, PURCHASER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT SELLERS HAVE NOT AND DO NOT MAKE ANY
REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES IN CONNECTION WITH THE PRESENCE OR INTEGRATION OF HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS UPON OR WITHIN THE REAL PROPERTY. IN THAT REGARD, PURCHASER WILL, PRIOR TO THE
EXPIRATION OF THE DUE DILIGENCE PERIOD, CONDUCT ITS OWN INVESTIGATION AND OBTAIN ITS OWN
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT TO DETERMINE IF THE REAL PROPERTY CONTAINS ANY HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS OR TOXIC WASTE, MATERIALS, DISCHARGE, DUMPING OR CONTAMINATION, WHETHER SOIL,
GROUNDWATER OR OTHERWISE, WHICH VIOLATES ANY FEDERAL, STATE,
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LOCAL OR OTHER GOVERNMENTAL LAW, REGULATION OR ORDER OR REQUIRES REPORTING TO ANY GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITY.
(i) PURCHASER, FOR ITSELF AND ITS OWNERS, SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS, HEREBY RELEASES AND
FOREVER DISCHARGES SELLERS, AND THEIR PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE MEMBERS, AFFILIATES,
EMPLOYEES, AGENTS, ATTORNEYS, ASSIGNS, AND SUCCESSORS-IN-INTEREST FROM ALL PAST, PRESENT AND
FUTURE CLAIMS, DEMANDS, OBLIGATIONS, LOSSES AND CAUSES OF ACTION OF ANY NATURE WHATSOEVER,
WHETHER NOW KNOWN OR UNKNOWN, DIRECT OR INDIRECT, FORESEEN OR UNFORESEEN, SUSPECTED OR
UNSUSPECTED, WHICH ARE BASED UPON OR ARISE OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE CONDITION OF THE
LAND OR THE PROPERTY, THE MATTERS ADDRESSED IN SUBSECTIONS (a), (b), (c), (d) AND (e) OF
THIS SECTION 4.5, AND WITH RESPECT TO THE PRESENCE OF ANY HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, ANY
ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES OR ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATIONS, THE
PHYSICAL, STRUCTURAL, GEOLOGICAL, MECHANICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL (SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE)
CONDITION OF THE REAL PROPERTY (INCLUDING THE IMPROVEMENTS THEREON) OR ANY LAW OR REGULATION
RELATING TO HAZARDOUS MATERIALS. WITHOUT LIMITING THE FOREGOING, THIS RELEASE SPECIFICALLY
APPLIES TO ALL LOSSES AND CLAIMS ARISING UNDER THE COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE,
COMPENSATION AND LIABILITY ACT OF 1980, AS AMENDED, THE SUPERFUND AMENDMENTS AND
REAUTHORIZATION ACT OF 1986, (42 U.S.C. SECTIONS 9601 ET SEQ.), THE
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECOVERY ACT OF 1976, (42 U.S.C. SECTIONS 6901 ET
SEQ.), THE CLEAN WATER ACT, (33 U.S.C. SECTIONS 466 ET SEQ.), THE
SAFE DRINKING WATER ACT, (14 U.S.C. SECTION 1401-1450), THE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
TRANSPORTATION ACT, (49 U.S.C. SECTIONS 1801 ET SEQ.), THE TOXIC SUBSTANCE
CONTROL ACT, (15 U.S.C. SECTIONS 2601-2629), AND ANY OTHER FEDERAL, STATE OR LOCAL LAW OF
SIMILAR EFFECT, AS WELL AS ANY AND ALL COMMON LAW CLAIMS. IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE FOREGOING,
PURCHASER WAIVES ALL RIGHTS UNDER ANY STATUTES WHICH MAY HAVE PROVISIONS SIMILAR TO THE
FOLLOWING:
A GENERAL RELEASE DOES NOT EXTEND TO CLAIMS WHICH THE CREDITOR DOES
NOT KNOW OR SUSPECT TO EXIST IN HIS FAVOR AT THE TIME OF EXECUTING
THE RELEASE, WHICH IF KNOWN BY HIM MUST HAVE MATERIALLY AFFECTED HIS
SETTLEMENT WITH THE DEBTOR.
BY INITIALING THIS AGREEMENT CLAUSE, PURCHASER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT THIS SECTION HAS BEEN
READ AND FULLY UNDERSTOOD, AND THAT PURCHASER HAS HAD THE CHANCE TO ASK QUESTIONS OF ITS
COUNSEL ABOUT ITS MEANING AND SIGNIFICANCE.
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(j) Environmental Damages means all claims, judgments, damages, losses,
penalties, fines, liabilities (including strict liability), encumbrances, liens, costs, and
expenses of investigation and defense of any claim, whether or not such claim is ultimately
defeated, and of any good faith settlement of judgment, of whatever kind or nature,
contingent or otherwise matured or unmatured, foreseeable or unforeseeable, including
without limitation reasonable attorneys fees and disbursements and consultants fees, any
of which are incurred at any time as a result of the existence of Hazardous Materials upon,
about, beneath the Real Property or migrating or threatening to migrate to or from the Real
Property, or the existence of a violation of Environmental Requirements pertaining to the
Real Property, regardless of whether the existence of such Hazardous Materials or the
violation of Environmental Requirements arose prior to the present ownership or operation of
the Real Property.
(k) Environmental Requirements means all applicable present and future
statutes, regulations, rules, ordinances, codes, licenses, permits, orders, approvals,
plans, authorizations, concessions, franchises, and similar items, of all governmental
agencies, departments, commissions, boards, bureaus, or instrumentalities of the United
States, states and political subdivisions thereof and all applicable judicial,
administrative, and regulatory decrees, judgments, and orders relating to the protection of
human health or the environment.
(l) Hazardous Materials means mold, mildew, and any substance (i) the
presence of which requires investigation or remediation under any federal, state or local
statute, regulation, ordinance or policy; or (ii) which is defined as a hazardous
waste or hazardous substance under any federal, state or local statute,
regulation or ordinance, including without limitation the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation and Liability Act (42 U.S.C. Section 9601 et seq.)
and the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (42 U.S.C. Section 6901 et
seq.) and amendments thereto and regulations promulgated thereunder; or (iii) which
is toxic, explosive, corrosive, infectious or otherwise hazardous or is regulated by any
federal, state or local governmental authority; or (iv) without limitation which contains
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), asbestos or urea formaldehyde.
The provisions of this Section 4.6 shall survive the Close of Escrow.
V.
CLOSING
5.1 Closing Date. The Closing Date for purposes of this Agreement shall be
the date which is the first business day following the later of (i) thirty (30) days after the
expiration of the Due Diligence Period, or (ii) three (3) business days following satisfaction of
the IPO Condition, or such earlier or later date as may be agreed upon, in writing, by Sellers and
Purchaser, and shall be the date on which the Close of Escrow occurs. The Close of
Escrow
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for purposes of this Agreement is defined as the time when the Grant Deeds are recorded
in the Official Records, by Escrow Holder. It is agreed that if termination of the Escrow is
caused by the default of one party then such party shall be responsible for all escrow and title
cancellation charges, and if the termination occurs where neither party is in default or where both parties
are in default, then each party shall be responsible for one-half (1/2) of all title and Escrow
cancellation charges.
5.2 Action Prior to the Close of Escrow by Seller. Sellers agree that, provided
Purchaser has complied with its obligations under Section 5.3 hereof, on or before 11:00 a.m.
Washington, DC time on the business day immediately preceding the Closing Date, Sellers will
deposit with Escrow Holder such funds and other items and instruments (executed and acknowledged,
if appropriate) as may be necessary in order for Escrow Holder to comply with this Agreement,
including, without limitation, the following:
(a) For each Property, a grant deed in the form and content attached hereto as
Exhibit D, prepared and executed by Seller and acknowledged before a Notary Public
in the manner provided under the laws of the applicable state, reflecting the sale and
transfer to Purchaser of the Real Property and the Improvements, (Grant Deed).
(b) For each Property, two (2) duplicate originals of a Bill of Sale, in the form and
content attached hereto as Exhibit E, prepared and executed by Seller, assigning,
conveying and transferring to Purchaser the Personal Property and the Inventory (Bill
of Sale);
(c) For each Property, two (2) duplicate originals of an Assignment of Intangible
Property, in the form and content attached hereto as Exhibit F, prepared and
executed by Seller, assigning and conveying to Purchaser, at no cost or expense to Sellers,
and without representation or warranty, all of Sellers right, title and interest in the
Intangible Property (Assignment of Intangibles);
(d) For each Property, two (2) duplicate originals of an Assignment and Assumption of
Contracts (which shall include an assignment of any leases if applicable), in the form and
content attached hereto as Exhibit G, prepared and executed by Seller, assigning
and conveying to Purchaser, at no cost or expense to Sellers, and without representation or
warranty, all of Sellers right, title and interest under the Contracts and any applicable
leases (Assignment of Contracts);
(e) For each Property, a Non-Foreign Affidavit signed by Seller in the form to be
prepared by Escrow Holder (Non-Foreign Affidavit);
(f) A certificate of Seller recertifying all of Sellers representations and warranties
as true and correct as of Close of Escrow, subject to such modifications, if any, to the
extent permitted under this Agreement;
(g) A closing settlement statement mutually approved by Purchaser and Seller (the
Settlement Statement);
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(h) Such other funds, instruments or documents as may be reasonably necessary to effect
or carry out the covenants and obligations to be performed by Sellers pursuant to this
Agreement;
(i) Sellers 1099-S;
(j) Such other instruments or documents as may be reasonably required by the Title
Insurer as necessary to issue the Title Policy, but only to the extent required pursuant to
the provisions of Section 4.4;
(k) Notices to tenants and contract parties notifying such parties of the transfer of
ownership (Third Party Notices);
(l) An updated employee census;
(m) Title to all vehicles, duly endorsed over to Purchaser; and
(n) Evidence of termination of the Management Agreements.
5.3 Action Prior to the Close of Escrow by Purchaser. Purchaser agrees that
Purchaser will deposit with Escrow Holder at such time as required to effect Close of Escrow on
the Closing Date, all additional funds (in Good Funds) and/or documents (executed and
acknowledged, if appropriate) which are necessary to comply with the terms of this Agreement,
including without limitation:
(a) The funds referred to in Section 2.2.3 hereof;
(b) For each Property, two (2) fully executed duplicate originals of the Assignment of
Contracts executed by Purchaser;
(c) For each Property, two (2) fully executed duplicate originals of the Assignment of
Intangibles executed by Purchaser;
(d) The Settlement Statement;
(e) The Third Party Notices; and
(f) Such other funds, instruments or documents as may be reasonably necessary to effect or
carry out the covenants and obligations to be performed by Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement.
5.4 Recording of Grant Deeds. Escrow Holder will cause the Grant Deeds to be dated
and recorded in the Official Records, and all other conveyance documents deposited with Escrow
Holder dated as of the Closing Date, when (but in no event after the Closing Date) Title Insurer is
irrevocably committed to issue the Title Policies to be issued to Purchaser as contemplated in this
Agreement, and holds for the account of Sellers and Purchaser the items and funds (if any) to be
delivered to Sellers and Purchaser through the Escrow, after payment of
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costs, expenses, disbursements and prorations chargeable to Sellers or Purchaser pursuant to the provisions of this
Agreement.
5.5 Prorations.
5.5.1 Taxes.
5.5.1.1 With respect to each Property, all non-delinquent real estate and personal property
general and special taxes and assessments for the Property and the Land for the current assessment
year shall be prorated as of the Closing Date. It is understood that any supplemental property tax
bill issued as a result of the sale of any Property pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement,
shall be borne by Purchaser. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, Sellers
shall retain all right, title and interest in and to any and all property tax (both real property
and personal property) refunds and claims for refunds with respect to the Properties for any period
prior to the Closing Date. Both Seller and Purchaser shall have the right to pursue claims for any
such refunds, with respect to their respective periods of ownership. With respect to each
Property, Purchaser and Sellers shall be equally responsible for, and shall pay equally, all sales,
use and other transfer taxes imposed in connection with the sale and transfer of the Personal
Property, the Inventory and the Intangible Property.
5.5.1.2 If any proceeding for certiorari or other proceeding to determine the assessed value
of any Property or the real property taxes payable with respect to any Property is continuing as of
the Close of Escrow, Seller will be entitled to control the prosecution of such proceeding or
proceedings to completion and to settle or compromise any claim therein, subject to the reasonable
approval of Purchaser. Seller agrees to cooperate with Purchaser and to execute any and all
documents reasonably requested by Purchaser in furtherance of the foregoing. Any amounts recovered
in such settlement or proceeding, net of the expenses of recovery thereof, including any fee or
commission to any real property tax consultant due in connection with the real property tax
proceeding, shall be appropriately apportioned between Seller and Purchaser. Seller shall not
initiate any real property tax appeals or other proceedings after the conclusion of the Due
Diligence Period without the prior written consent of the Purchaser, which consent shall not be
unreasonably withheld or delayed.
5.5.2 Advance Reservations. At the Close of Escrow, each Seller shall provide
Purchaser with a schedule of post-closing confirmed Bookings for such Sellers Hotel. Purchaser
shall honor all such confirmed and Bookings, provided that such Bookings were booked by Sellers in
a manner consistent with normal business practices.
5.5.3 Utility Service. With respect to each Property, Sellers shall request each
utility company providing utility service to the Real Property to cause all utility billings to be
closed and billed as of the Closing Date in order that utility charges may be separately billed for
the period prior to the Closing Date and the period on and after the Closing Date. In the event
any such utility charges are not separately billed, the same shall be prorated. In connection with
any such proration, it shall be presumed that utility charges were uniformly incurred during the
billing period in which the Close of Escrow occurs.
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5.5.4 Revenue From Operations. With respect to each Property, all revenues from Hotel
operations, including, without limitation, guest room rentals, revenue from the minibars (if any),
banquet rooms rentals, vending machines, coin telephones, and other income-producing equipment
arising through 12:01 a.m. local time on the Close of Escrow (Cut-Off Time) shall belong to Seller. All revenues from Hotel operations, including, without
limitation, guest room rentals, revenue from the minibars (if any), banquet rooms rentals, vending
machines, coin telephones, and other income producing equipment arising after the Cut-Off Time
shall belong to Purchaser. Revenue from guest room rentals for the evening before the date of the
Close of Escrow through to the day of the Close of Escrow shall be allocated one-half (1/2) to
Seller and one-half (1/2) to Purchaser. All prepaid rentals, room rental deposits, and all other
deposits for advance reservations and Bookings for the period after the Cut-Off Time, shall be
credited to Purchaser.
5.5.5 Accounts Payable and Operating Expenses. With respect to each Property, all
obligations and liabilities (for services and materials ordered, or otherwise in the ordinary
course of business) and accounts payable for the Hotel and the Real Property owing as of the
Closing Date for merchandise, equipment, tour agents and travel agents commissions,
advertisements, supplies and other materials and services paid, incurred or ordered shall be
prorated between Sellers and Purchaser as of the Closing Date. Sellers shall receive a credit for
all prepaid expenses.
5.5.6 Miscellaneous Permits and Taxes. With respect to each Property, all water and
sewer charges, taxes (other than ad valorem property taxes), including license taxes or fees for
licenses (other than the Liquor Licenses) which are assignable or transferable without added cost
and have a value which will survive Close of Escrow, including, but not limited to, any unpaid
taxes payable in arrears, shall be prorated as of the Closing Date. Sellers will be credited for
that portion of taxes and fees paid by Sellers allocable to the period after the Closing Date.
5.5.7 Contracts/Leases. With respect to each Property, all payments and receipts, as
applicable, under the Contracts and any leases shall be prorated between Purchaser and Seller as of
the Closing Date. Sellers shall receive a credit for all prepayments and deposits under any
Contracts and Purchaser shall receive a credit for any security deposits under any leases.
5.5.8 Other Income. With respect to each Property, all other income derived by Seller
from the Property accruing or relating to the period up to and including the Cut-Off-Time shall be
paid to Seller. All other income derived by Seller from the Property accruing or relating to the
period on and after the Cut-Off-Time shall be paid to Purchaser.
5.5.9 Other Expenses. With respect to each Property, all other expenses and
obligations not otherwise specified in this Section 5.5 incurred in the ownership of the Property
and operation of the Hotel shall be prorated between Seller and Purchaser as of the Closing Date.
5.5.10 Ticket and Gift Shop Inventory. With respect to each Property, Seller shall
receive a credit for all gift shop inventory, held by Seller for sale at the Hotel, in an amount
equal to Sellers actual cost thereof.
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5.5.11 House Banks. With respect to each Property, on the Close of Escrow, in
addition to the Purchase Price, Seller shall receive a credit through the Escrow for an amount
equal to all till money, cash-on-hand, and all sums in house banks for the Hotel, in which case all
right, title and interest to the till money, cash-on-hand and house banks shall be assigned
and conveyed by Seller to Purchaser. In the event Seller and Purchaser are unable to agree upon
the amount of the till money, cash-on-hand and house banks, the provisions of this Section 5.5.11
shall be inapplicable, and title to the till money, cash-on-hand and house banks shall remain with
Seller. The failure of Purchaser and Seller to agree on the amounts of the till money,
cash-on-hand and house banks shall not be deemed a condition precedent to the obligations of Seller
and Purchaser under this Agreement.
5.5.12 Delayed Adjustments. If, at any time following the Closing Date, the amount of
an item listed in this Section 5.5 shall prove to be incorrect, the party in whose favor the error
was made shall pay to the other party within fifteen (15) days after request the sum necessary to
correct such error upon receipt of proof of such error, provided that such proof is delivered to
the party from whom payment is requested on or before one hundred fifty (150) days after the Close
of Escrow. The acceptance of the closing statement by either party shall not prevent later
readjustment pursuant to this Section 5.5.12. After the Close of Escrow, each party shall have
reasonable access to the books and records of the other party with respect to all matters set forth
in this Section 5.5 for the purposes of determining the accuracy of all adjustments and the
performance of the obligations of the parties under this Section 5.5.
5.5.13 Proration Allocation. For proration purposes, the date of the Close of Escrow
shall be charged to Purchaser.
5.5.14 Survival. The provisions of this Section 5.5 shall survive the Close of
Escrow.
5.6 Guest Property. With respect to each Property, property of guests of the Hotel in
Sellers care, possession or control (excluding that in guest rooms) on the Closing Date shall be
handled in the following manner:
5.6.1 Safe Deposit Boxes. On the day prior to the Closing Date, Seller shall send
written notice to guests in the Hotel who have safe deposit boxes advising them of the sale of the
Hotel to Purchaser and the procedures to be followed pursuant to this Section 5.6.1. On the
Closing Date, Seller shall deliver to Purchaser all keys to the safe deposit boxes in the Hotel,
all receipts and agreements relating to such safe deposit boxes, and a complete list of the name
and room number of each depositor. Each box in use by a Hotel guest shall then be sealed by
representatives of Seller and Purchaser. At Purchasers option, guests may be requested to remove
and verify the contents of the sealed boxes prior to the Close of Escrow. All such removals and
verifications shall be under the supervision of a representative to be agreed upon between
Purchaser and Seller. Purchaser shall be responsible for all boxes once the seal is broken, and
for the contents of all boxes which are verified. Seller shall be responsible for any claims
pertaining to any property allegedly deposited in a safe deposit prior to the Closing Date, the
seal of which was not broken. Each of Seller and Purchaser shall indemnify and hold the other
harmless from and against all claims and losses arising from such indemnifying partys obligations
under this Section 5.6.1.
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5.6.2 Baggage Inventory. All guest baggage and other guest property checked and left
in the possession, care and control of Seller shall be listed in an inventory to be prepared
in duplicate and signed by Sellers and Purchasers representatives on the Closing Date.
Purchaser shall be responsible from and after the Closing Date for all baggage (and the contents
thereof) and other guest property listed in inventory. Purchaser agrees to indemnify and save and
hold Seller harmless from and against any claim arising out of or with respect to the baggage
listed in the inventory, and Seller agrees to indemnify and save and hold Purchaser harmless from
and against any claim arising prior to the Closing Date out of or with respect to any guest baggage
or other guest property not listed in the inventory.
5.7 Costs. Purchaser and Seller shall each pay one-half (1/2) of the premium for the
A.L.T.A coverage under the Title Policy. Purchaser shall pay the costs of all endorsements to the
Title Policy, all costs or premiums for any lender title policies, and for the Survey (or the
updating thereof). Purchaser and Seller shall each pay one-half (1/2) of the documentary transfer
taxes and the recording fee for the Grant Deed. Each of Seller and Purchaser shall pay one-half
(1/2) of all escrow fees for that portion of the Escrow pertaining to the sale of the Property.
5.8 Real Estate Withholding. Sellers and Purchaser appoint Escrow Holder as the
withholding agent for purposes of compliance with any state statue respecting the withholding of
taxes. Prior to the Close of Escrow, Sellers will provide Escrow Holder with all information and
documentation reasonably required to determine the amount, if any, to be withheld from the proceeds
of the sale transaction contemplated herein for payment to the appropriate taxing authority.
5.9 Distribution of Funds and Documents Following Close of Escrow. Following Close of
Escrow, Escrow Holder shall distribute the documents as follows:
5.9.1 To Sellers. With respect to each Property:
(a) The cash portion of the Purchase Price as set forth in Section 2.2, less costs,
offsets and prorations in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement;
(b) A copy of the recorded Grant Deed;
(c) One (1) fully executed duplicate original of the Bill of Sale;
(d) One (1) fully executed duplicate original of the Assignment of Intangibles;
(e) One (1) fully executed duplicate original of the Assignment of Contracts;
(f) One (1) fully executed duplicate of the Settlement Statement;
(g) One (1) fully executed duplicate of the Third Party Notices;
(h) A copy of the Title Policy issued to Purchaser;
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(i) One (1) duplicate original or conformed copy as appropriate, of any other document
to be received by Sellers through Escrow pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement; and
(j) One (1) copy of any other document delivered to Escrow Holder by Purchaser or
Sellers pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.
5.9.2 To Purchaser.
(a) Any excess funds deposited by Purchaser which remain after disbursement to Sellers;
(b) One (1) conformed copy of the Grant Deed, the original to be mailed to Purchaser
following the recordation thereof;
(c) One (1) fully executed duplicate original of the Bill of Sale;
(d) One (1) fully executed duplicate original of the Assignment of Intangibles;
(e) One (1) fully executed duplicate original of the Assignment of Contracts;
(f) One (1) fully executed duplicate of the Settlement Statement;
(g) One (1) fully executed duplicate of the Third Party Notices;
(h) One (1) duplicate original or conformed copy as appropriate, of any other document
to be received by Purchaser through Escrow pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement;
(i) One (1) copy of any other document delivered to Escrow Holder by Purchaser or
Sellers pursuant to the terms of this Agreement; and
(j) The original of the Title Policy.
5.10 Possession. Purchaser shall be entitled to sole possession of each Property on
the Close of Escrow, subject to the possessory rights of any guests of the Hotel.
VI.
ADDITIONAL COVENANTS AND INDEMNITIES
6.1 Purchasers Covenants.
6.1.1 Indemnification. Purchaser covenants to defend, indemnify and hold harmless
Sellers, and their respective affiliates, owners, employees, agents and representatives, from and
against any and all claims, penalties, liabilities, fines, losses, causes of action, fees,
injuries, damages, liens, proceedings, judgments, actions, rights, demands, costs and expenses
(including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys fees and court and litigation costs, but
excluding consequential damages and loss of profits) (a) arising from the acts and omissions of
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Purchaser and its agents, employees and contractors occurring in connection with or as a result of,
any inspections, tests or examinations of or to the Property and the Land, (b) arising from the
use, management, operation, rental, maintenance and ownership of the Property and the Land,
based upon acts, conduct or omissions (other than by Sellers) occurring, on or after the
Closing Date, including, without limitation, with respect to and under the Contracts, (c) caused by
or arising out of any material misrepresentation by Purchaser in connection with this Agreement,
and (d) and arising from any breach of this Agreement by Purchaser or any instrument or agreement
delivered or required to be delivered pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement, including under
the WARN Act. This indemnity shall survive the Close of Escrow.
6.1.2 Sellers Accounts Receivable. On the Closing Date, each Seller shall deliver to
Purchaser an update of Sellers Accounts Receivable list. Thereafter, Purchaser, upon receipt,
shall promptly remit to such Seller all sums received by Purchaser in payment of any of Sellers
Accounts Receivables. All sums received by Purchaser from a customer, guest or patron following
Closing shall be credited, unless otherwise designated by the payor, first, to the sums owing to
Purchaser, and then, to the extent any sums remain, to Seller for any Sellers outstanding Accounts
Receivable. For a period of one (1) year after the Close of Escrow, Sellers shall have the right,
from time to time, to inspect and audit the books and records of the Hotels that pertain to income
and collections, at Sellers sole cost (unless it is determined from such audit or inspection that
Purchaser has withheld any Sellers Accounts Receivable, then Purchaser shall pay the costs of such
audit and inspection), and Purchaser shall provide full and complete access thereto to Sellers upon
not less than three (3) business days prior Notice, to verify receipt and payment of Sellers
Accounts Receivable. All information so obtained by Sellers or their agents shall be confidential
information which shall be disclosed solely on a need-to-know basis. Nothing in the foregoing
shall obligate Purchaser to pursue the collection of any outstanding Seller Account Receivables and
Purchaser shall have no obligation to Seller to do so.
6.1.3 Public Offering. Purchaser shall use reasonable commercial efforts to finalize
and file with the Securities and Exchange Commission the Registration Statement and to cause the
Registration Statement to become effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the
rules and regulations thereunder, by 5:00 p.m. on February 15, 2010 and thereafter to cause the
securities being offered pursuant to the Registration Statement to be sold (the Public
Offering). All costs related to the Public Offering, including any audit or accounting fees
incurred by Purchaser and/or Seller in causing any audits related to the Public Offering, shall be
borne solely by Purchaser regardless of whether Closing occurs.
6.2 Seller Covenants. Each Seller (but solely for itself and its own Property, and
not for any other Seller or any other Property) covenants to Purchaser as follows:
6.2.1 Indemnification. Seller covenants to defend, indemnify and hold harmless
Purchaser and its affiliates, owners, employees, agents and representatives from and against any
and all claims, penalties, liabilities, fines, losses, causes of action, fees, injuries, damages,
liens, proceedings, judgments, actions, rights, demands, costs and expenses (including, without
limitation, reasonable attorneys fees and court and litigation costs, but excluding consequential
damages and loss of profits) (a) arising from the use, management, rental, maintenance, ownership
and operations of the Property during the period of Sellers ownership thereof (except as to, and
specifically excluding, the matters set forth in Section 6.1.1 hereof, Environmental
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Damages, Environmental Requirements, and the matters addressed in Section 0 hereof), (b) arising under the
Contracts and the Franchise Agreement during the period of Sellers ownership, (c) caused by or
arising out of any material misrepresentation by Sellers in connection with this
Agreement, and (d) arising from any breach of this Agreement by Seller or any instrument or
agreement required to be delivered or to be delivered pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement.
This indemnity shall survive the Close of Escrow.
6.2.2 Assumption of Franchise Agreement. At Closing, Purchaser shall either (i)
assume the Franchise Agreements or (ii) enter into new franchise agreements with the same
Franchisors, with the original Franchise Agreements being terminated and Seller being fully
released from any liability arising under the existing Franchise Agreements from and after Closing.
6.2.3 Terminating the Management Agreements. Seller shall terminate or cause to be
terminated the Management Agreement affecting each Hotel effective upon the Close of Escrow. Any
payments required by any management company pursuant to the Management Agreements to so terminate
the Management Agreements shall be at Purchasers sole cost and expense.
6.2.4 Operation of the Hotel. Subject to the terms of this Agreement, Seller, during
the term of this Agreement, shall carry on the business and operations of the Hotel in
substantially the same manner as heretofore carried on by it. Seller shall pay and perform all of
its material obligations and otherwise comply with all of the material terms and conditions of the
covenants and other agreements of record reflected in the Permitted Exceptions, the Contracts, the
Franchise Agreement, the Existing Indebtedness (and all documents evidencing, securing or relating
to the Existing Indebtedness (including, but not limited to, causing any guarantors and indemnitors
to perform their obligations thereunder)). Prior to the Closing Date, Seller shall maintain (or
replace with policies of like amounts) all existing insurance policies insuring the Property and
the operation of the Hotel. Seller shall not remove any of the Personal Property from the Real
Property, unless such removal is in the ordinary course of Sellers business and Seller replaces
the same with like items that are of equal or better quality and condition. Seller shall maintain
the Inventory, the Food Inventory and the Alcoholic Beverages consistent with Sellers past
practices, and will replenish the same consistent with its past practices. Following the Effective
Date of this Agreement, Seller may, extend, amend, modify or terminate any of the existing
Contracts, including any leases of furniture, fixtures or equipment for the Hotel, and may enter
into new Contracts as Seller deems appropriate to operate, service and maintain the Property
consistent with normal business practices, and may enter into new Contracts; provided, however,
that (i) Seller shall not enter into or amend, modify or extend any Material Contracts unless (a)
Seller provides Purchaser with a copy of such new Material Contract or amendment, modification or
extension of an existing Material Contract prior to or within two (2) business days after Sellers
execution thereof, and (b) commencing two (2) business days prior to the expiration of the Due
Diligence Period and continuing through the Close of Escrow or earlier termination of this
Agreement, so long as Purchaser is not in default of any of its obligations under this Agreement,
Seller shall have obtained the prior written consent of Purchaser, which consent shall not be
unreasonably withheld or delayed, (ii) Seller shall not enter into, or amend, modify or extend any
leases of furniture, fixtures or equipment for the Hotel, (iii) other than with respect to the sale
of Food Inventory or liquor in the ordinary course of business at the Property,
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no part of the Property, or any interest therein, will be sold or otherwise transferred or encumbered without
Purchasers prior written consent; and (iv) without the prior written approval of Purchaser (which
approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed), Seller
shall not make any material alterations to the Property. Seller shall pay all of its debts,
liabilities and obligations as and when the same become due.
6.2.5 Cooperation. Seller shall cooperate with Purchaser in all reasonable respects,
including by executing and delivering necessary or desirable applications and other documents, to
facilitate the issuance and/or transfer of the authorizations and other authorizations in
connection with the operation of the Hotel, including the Liquor Licenses. Purchaser shall
promptly reimburse Seller for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by Seller in
connection with such cooperation. Except for the Liquor Licenses which are subject to the
provisions of Section 2.4 above, to the extent any license is not transferable, but is necessary
for any aspect of the operation of the Hotel, Seller shall cooperate with Purchaser by entering
into such arrangements as may be usual and customary in similar transactions, provided that any
such arrangements are in compliance with all applicable laws, rules and regulations, that Purchaser
promptly reimburses Seller for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by Seller in
connection therewith, and that Purchaser indemnifies and holds Seller harmless from and against any
liabilities arising in connection therewith.
6.3 Employee Matters.
6.3.1 On the Closing Date, Seller shall pay all employee salaries, wages, fringe benefits and
other compensation, including any applicable federal, state and local taxes, for any employees of
the Hotel which have accrued up to the Cut-Off Time. Seller shall terminate all of the Hotel
employees effective at 11:00 a.m. local time on the Closing Date. Subject to the provisions of
Section 6.3.2 hereof, Seller shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless Purchaser against any and
all labor or employment claims, liabilities or obligations (including, without limitation,
attorneys fees and costs) which arise or accrue before, or arise out of events occurring before,
the Closing Date, which indemnity shall survive the Close of Escrow.
6.3.2 As of the Close of Escrow, but effective at 8:00 a.m. local time on the Closing Date,
Purchaser shall hire (or cause its hotel management company to hire) not less than eighty percent
(80%) of the employees of each Hotel. Purchaser shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless Seller,
and its affiliates, owners and employees, against any and all labor or employment claims,
liabilities and obligations (including, without limitation, attorneys fees and costs) which arise
or accrue from or after, or arise out of events occurring from or after the Close of Escrow,
including, without limitation, all claims arising from the termination by Purchaser of any Hotel
employee or personnel performing services at or for the Hotel, and Purchasers decision to continue
or discontinue any employment policy or practice of Seller in existence or effect at the Hotel
prior to the Close of Escrow, which indemnity shall survive the Close of Escrow. The foregoing
indemnity shall survive the Close of Escrow.
6.3.3 Purchaser acknowledges that Seller is not giving any notice under, or otherwise
complying with, the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act and/or any applicable state
law counterpart (together with all rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, the WARN
Act). Purchaser agrees to hire a sufficient number of the Hotel employees, and on
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such terms and conditions, as to avoid any violation of the WARN Act in the absence of such notice, and agrees
to indemnify and defend Seller, and to hold Seller harmless, from and against any and all loss,
damage, liability, claim, cost or expense (including, without limitation,
reasonable attorneys fees) incurred by any of such parties as a result of the failure to give
such notice or otherwise comply with the WARN Act.
6.4 Exclusive Dealings. Purchaser and Seller agree that, in consideration of the
payment of the Earnest Money Deposit, and Purchasers projected efforts and undertakings, and in
preparing the necessary legal documentation to complete the purchase transaction, neither Seller,
nor any of its affiliates, agents, representatives, officers, directors, partners or shareholders,
will engage in any negotiations, or accept any offers, regarding the sale, exchange, or other
conveyance of the Property until the later of the Closing Date, or the date Purchaser and Seller
mutually agree to extend the Closing Date, or such sooner date as Purchaser terminates this
Agreement and cancels the Escrow.
6.5 No Obligations of Escrow Holder. Escrow Holder shall not be concerned with the
provisions of this Article VI.
6.6 Property Improvement Plans. As soon as possible following the Effective Date,
Sellers shall arrange with the Franchisor for each Hotel for the inspection and creation of a
Product Improvement Plans (each, a PIP) for each Hotel and shall endeavor to have each
such PIP completed as promptly as possible. Purchaser shall be responsible for paying or
reimbursing Seller for any fees or expenses charged by the Franchisor for completing such
inspections and preparing the PIPs. To the extent permitted by the Franchisor, the PIP inspections
shall be scheduled in coordination with Purchaser, and Purchaser shall have the right to attend
such inspections, provided that Purchaser shall not have the right to modify the Franchisors
inspection schedule or otherwise change the timing of such inspections. In that regard, Sellers
hereby agree to request that Franchisor allow Purchaser to attend any such inspections and Sellers
shall provide Purchaser notice of any such inspections promptly after receiving notice thereof from
Franchisor. Purchaser shall be responsible for completing the work required by each PIP following
Closing and for paying all costs associated with any PIP (the PIP Costs), provided that,
if the aggregate of such PIP Costs exceed Nine Million Dollars ($9,000,000), then Purchaser and
Seller shall bear equally the next One Million Dollars ($1,000,000) in PIP Costs. Thereafter, all
PIP Costs shall be the sole responsibility of Purchaser.
6.7 Defeasance of Existing Indebtedness. Seller shall use commercially reasonable
efforts to cause the defeasances of any existing defeasance to occur on the initially scheduled
Closing Date; provided, however, if Seller is unable to cause the defeasance to occur on or before
the Closing Date, Seller shall have the right, by written notice to Purchaser, given not later than
the third (3rd) business day prior to the Closing Date to postpone the Closing Date for
up to ten (10) business days. Furthermore, Purchaser agrees to cooperate in all reasonable
respects with Seller in order to permit Seller to defease any existing indebtedness on a Property
so as to minimize the cost and time for effecting such defeasance, using the proceeds of the sale
of the Property to effectuate such defeasance, including by depositing such proceeds in an
appropriate escrow in advance of Closing in accordance with the usual and customary procedures for
similar defeasances, provided that Purchaser is not required to incur any additional liability or
material expense.
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6.8 Independent Audit. From the Effective Date until two (2) years after the Closing,
Seller shall make the books and records of the Property available to Purchaser for
inspection, copying and audit by Purchasers designated accountants, and at Purchasers
expense. Seller shall provide Purchaser, but without third-party expense to Seller, with copies
of, or access to, such factual information as may be reasonably requested by Purchaser, and in the
possession or control of Seller, to enable Purchaser or any of its constituent members to file a
registration statement and otherwise comply with applicable filing requirements of the SEC.
Without limiting the foregoing, (x) Purchaser or its designated independent or other accountants
may audit the operating statements of the Property, and Seller shall supply such documentation in
its possession or control as Purchaser or its accountants may reasonably request in order to
complete such audit, and (y) Seller shall furnish Purchaser with such financial and other
information within Sellers possession or control as may be reasonably required by Purchaser to
make any required filings with the SEC or other governmental authority. This Section 6.8 shall
survive the Closing.
6.9 Bulk Transfers. Seller and Purchaser specifically waive compliance with the
applicable provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code Bulk Transfers and with any similar
provision under the laws of the state, county and city in which any Property is located. Seller
shall indemnify Purchaser for any claims made by creditors under the applicable bulk sales laws
relating solely to any pre-Closing payment obligations to such creditors and only in the amount of
the payments due to or claimed to be due to such creditors.
VII.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
7.1 Purchasers Representations and Warranties. Purchaser represents and warrants to
Seller that as of the date hereof and the Close of Escrow:
7.1.1 Organization and Standing. Purchaser is a real estate investment trust, duly
organized, validly existing, and in good standing under the laws of the State of Maryland and has
the full power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to carry out the transactions
contemplated hereby to be carried out by it.
7.1.2 Due Authorization. The performance of this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated hereunder by Purchaser have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part
of Purchaser, and this Agreement is binding on and enforceable against Purchaser in accordance with
its terms. Purchaser shall, on or prior to the Closing Date, furnish Seller with certified
resolutions evidencing that Purchaser has been duly authorized to enter into and perform this
Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereunder. No further consent of any shareholder,
creditor, board of directors, governmental authority or other party to such execution, delivery and
performance hereunder is required. The person(s) signing this Agreement, and any document pursuant
hereto on behalf of Purchaser, has full power and authority to bind Purchaser.
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7.1.3 Lack of Conflict. Neither the execution of this Agreement nor the consummation
of the transactions contemplated hereby will violate any restriction, court order, judgment, law,
regulation, charter, bylaw, instrument or agreement to which Purchaser is subject.
7.1.4 Solvency/Bankruptcy. Purchaser has not (i) made any general assignment for the
benefit of creditors, (ii) filed any voluntary petition in bankruptcy or suffered the filing of an
involuntary petition in bankruptcy by Purchasers creditors, (iii) suffered the appointment of a
receiver to take possession of all, or substantially all, of Purchasers assets, (iv) suffered the
attachment or other judicial seizure of all, or substantially all, of Purchasers assets, (v)
admitted in writing its inability to pay its debts as they come due, or (vi) made any offer of
settlement, extension or compromise to its creditors generally, and has not considered doing or
undertaking, and has no current plans to do or undertake, any of the foregoing. Furthermore,
Purchaser has not taken, and does not contemplate taking, against it any such actions.
7.2 Sellers Representations and Warranties. Each Seller represents and warrants (but
solely for itself and its own Property, and not for any other Seller or any other Property) to
Purchaser that as of the date hereof and, subject to the provisions of the paragraph following
Section 7.2.16 hereof, Close of Escrow:
7.2.1 Organization and Standing. Each Seller is a limited liability company or
limited partnership, as reflected on Exhibit A to this Agreement, duly organized under
the laws of the State of Delaware, is validly existing, and in good standing under the laws of the
State of Delaware, and has the full power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to carry
out the transactions contemplated hereby to be carried out by it.
7.2.2 Due Authorization. The performance of this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated hereunder by Seller have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of
Seller, and this Agreement is binding on and enforceable against Seller in accordance with its
terms. Seller shall, on or prior to the Closing Date, furnish Purchaser with certified resolutions
evidencing that Seller has been duly authorized to enter into and perform this Agreement and the
transactions contemplated hereunder. No further consent of any member, manager, creditor,
governmental authority or other party to such execution, delivery and performance hereunder is
required. The person(s) signing this Agreement, and any document pursuant hereto on behalf of
Seller, has full power and authority to bind Seller.
7.2.3 Lack of Conflict. Neither the execution of this Agreement nor the consummation
of the transactions contemplated herein will violate any restriction, court order, judgment, law,
regulation, charter, bylaw, instrument, or agreement to which Seller or the Property (or any
portion thereof) are subject.
7.2.4 Non-Foreign Seller. Seller is not a foreign seller as defined in the Foreign
Investment in Real Property Tax Act.
7.2.5 Solvency/Bankruptcy. Seller has not (i) made any general assignment for the
benefit of creditors, (ii) filed any voluntary petition in bankruptcy or suffered the filing of an
involuntary petition in bankruptcy by Sellers creditors, (iii) suffered the appointment of a
receiver to take possession of all, or substantially all of Sellers assets, (iv) suffered the
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attachment or other judicial seizure of all or substantially all, of Sellers assets, (v) admitted
in writing its inability to pay its debts as they come due, or (vi) made an offer of settlement,
extension or composition to its creditors generally, and has not considered doing or undertaking,
and has no current plans to do or undertake any of the foregoing. Furthermore, Seller has not
and does not contemplate taking or having taken against it, any such actions.
7.2.6 Litigation. As of the date hereof, except as set forth on Exhibit H hereto,
Seller has not been served with any pending actions, suits, arbitrations, governmental
investigations or other proceedings, and to its best knowledge, none of the foregoing are pending
or threatened against Seller or affecting the Property before any court or governmental authority.
7.2.7 Condemnation. As of the date hereof, Seller has not been served with notice of
any pending or threatened condemnation actions or special assessments of any nature with respect to
the Property or any part thereof, and has no knowledge of any of the foregoing being contemplated.
7.2.8 Contracts. All Material Contracts to which Seller is currently a party (except
for Bookings, gift certificates and similar promotional arrangements), and all amendments thereto,
are listed on Exhibit C attached hereto. Seller has or will make available to Purchaser
true copies of all such Contracts. All such Contracts are in full force and effect, and to the
best of Sellers knowledge, there are no material defaults or events that with notice or the
passage of time or both, would constitute a material default by Seller under any such Contracts,
nor by any other party thereto.
7.2.9 Licenses and Permits. All authorizations have been obtained and are in full
force and effect. Seller has made or will make available to Purchaser true copies of each such
authorization. Seller has not received a written notice from any applicable governmental authority
(A) of any violation, default, intended or threatened non-renewal, suspension or revocation of any
of the authorizations, the loss of which would have a material adverse effect on the present use
and occupancy of the Real Property or (B) that it lacks any permits or licenses necessary for the
present use and occupancy of the Real Property.
7.2.10 Real Property Tax Assessments. Seller has received no written notice from any
tax assessor of any proposed increase in real estate taxes with respect to the Hotel, other than
normal fiscal year increases.
7.2.11 Employee Agreements. There are no agreements to which Seller is a party
relating to any labor or collective bargaining agreement affecting the Hotel. Seller has not
received any written notice from any labor union or group of employees that such union or group
represents or believes or claims it represents or intends to represent any of the employees of
Seller nor has it received any notice of any claim of unfair labor practices. Seller has and shall
maintain through the Closing Date a level of employment at the Hotel that is sufficient for the
normal business operations of the Hotel at standards required by the Franchise Agreement.
7.2.12 Insurance. Seller has and shall maintain through the Closing Date insurance
policies equivalent in all material respects to those currently maintained by Seller, which
policies are consistent with the requirements of the lender under the existing financing and
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under the Franchise Agreement. Seller has not received any notice of cancellation or threatened
cancellation of any insurance policy applicable to any Property.
7.2.13 Ownership of Personal Property. Except as may otherwise be provided in any
Contracts, Seller is the sole owner of all Personal Property and, at Closing, none of the Personal
Property shall be encumbered by any lien or claim of any other person or entity, except for the
Existing Indebtedness.
7.2.14 Food and Beverage Inventory. Except as may otherwise be provided in any
Contracts, all Food and Beverage Inventory is free and clear of any lien or claim, except for the
Existing Indebtedness.
7.2.15 Violations. Seller has received no written notice of any violation of any
laws, including environmental laws with respect to any Property that has not been cured as required
by law.
7.2.16 No Offers. Seller has not granted any right to purchase, option or other right
with respect to any Property.
Wherever the phrase to Sellers knowledge or any similar phrase stating or implying a limitation
on the basis of knowledge appears in this Agreement, unless specifically otherwise qualified, such
phrase shall mean only the present actual knowledge of Thomas J. Baltimore, Jr. and of Howard
Isaacson, Senior Vice President, Asset Management, without any duty of inquiry, any imputation of
the knowledge of another to him, or independent investigation of the relevant matter by any of such
individual(s), and without any personal liability. Wherever the phrase in Sellers possession,
in the possession of Seller or similar phrase appears in this Agreement, such phrase shall be
deemed to mean only to the extent the material or other item referred to by such phrase is located
at the Hotel or in Sellers offices in Bethesda, Maryland. Notwithstanding any provision of this
Agreement to the contrary, should any of the foregoing representations and warranties of Seller
become false or inaccurate prior to the Close of Escrow (provided, however, that Seller shall have
the right to update such representations and warranties as a consequence of operating the
Properties in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement) and provided Seller discloses the
same to Purchaser, in writing, prior to the Close of Escrow, and provided any such representation
or warranty was not knowingly false when made or made to be false or inaccurate through acts or
omissions of Seller prior to Closing, then Purchasers sole recourse shall be to either (i)
terminate this Agreement and cancel the Escrow, in which case the Earnest Money Deposit shall be
returned to Purchaser and neither Seller nor Purchaser will have any further liability or
obligation under this Agreement (except for those obligations which survive in accordance with
their terms), or (ii) proceed with the closing, without reservation, in which case Purchaser shall
be deemed to have waived all claims against Sellers with respect to such false or inaccurate
representation and warranty. If any such representation or warranty was knowingly false when made
or made to be false or inaccurate through intentional acts or omissions of Seller prior to Closing,
then Purchaser shall be entitled to all damages (and subject to all limitations) available to
Purchaser as provided in this Agreement for a default of Seller hereunder.
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VIII.
CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO CLOSE OF ESCROW
8.1 Conditions to Sellers Obligations. The obligation of Sellers to close the Escrow
shall be subject to the satisfaction or Notice of its waiver (delivered to Purchaser and Escrow
Holder), in whole or in part, by Sellers of each of the following conditions precedent:
(a) Except by reason of a default by Sellers, Escrow Holder is in a position to and will
deliver to Sellers the instruments and funds accruing to Sellers pursuant to the provisions of this
Agreement;
(b) There is no existing uncured material breach of any of the covenants, representations,
warranties or obligations of Purchaser set forth in this Agreement that has not been waived by
Seller;
(c) The IPO Condition has been satisfied; and
(d) With respect to each Property, Seller has been released from all obligations under the
Franchise Agreement by the franchisor thereunder, provided, Seller covenants to take all steps
reasonably required by the franchisor for such release and, to the extent this condition fails due
to Sellers failure to execute and deliver franchisors customary termination agreements (which may
include, but not be limited to, a general release of the applicable franchisor by the applicable
Seller) and perform customary obligations thereunder (which may include, but not be limited, paying
any fees accrued under the franchise agreements through the date of closing), Seller shall be
deemed to be in default under this Agreement, unless Seller otherwise waives this condition.
The foregoing conditions contained in this Section 8.1 are intended solely for the benefit of
Sellers. Sellers shall at all times have the right to waive any condition precedent, provided that
such waiver is in writing and delivered to Purchaser and Escrow Holder. In the event that the IPO
Condition has not been fully satisfied and Close of Escrow has not occurred by March 31, 2010,
Seller shall have the right, in its sole discretion, to terminate this Agreement by written notice
to Purchaser at any time. If Sellers elect to terminate this Agreement as a result of Purchasers
failure to satisfy the IPO Condition, Purchaser shall reimburse Sellers for all reasonable
out-of-pocket costs and expenses, including reasonable legal fees, incurred by Sellers in
connection with the negotiation of, and the performance of Sellers obligations under, this
Agreement in an aggregate amount not to exceed Seventy Five Thousand Dollars ($75,000) and, in the
event of any such termination, the Earnest Money Deposit shall be delivered to Purchaser.
Notwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary, in the event that Close of Escrow has not
occurred by June 30, 2010, then either party, other than a party in default of its obligations
hereunder, may elect to terminate this Agreement by giving notice thereof to the other, whereupon
Purchaser shall reimburse Sellers for all reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses, including
reasonable legal fees, incurred by Sellers in connection with the negotiation of, and the
performance of Sellers obligations under, this Agreement in an aggregate amount not to exceed
Seventy Five Thousand Dollars ($75,000) and the Earnest Money Deposit shall be delivered to
Purchaser.
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8.2 Conditions to Purchasers Obligations. The obligations of Purchaser to close the
Escrow shall be subject to the satisfaction or Notice of its waiver (delivered to Sellers and
Escrow Holder), in whole or in part, by Purchaser of each of the following condition precedent:
(a) Except by reason of a default by Purchaser, Escrow Holder is in a position to and
will deliver to Purchaser the instruments and funds, if any, accruing to Purchaser pursuant
to the provisions of this Agreement;
(b) If Purchaser is entering into new franchise agreements, the Franchise Agreements
have been terminated, effective as of the Closing Date, at no cost or expense to Purchaser;
(c) There is no existing uncured material breach of any of the covenants,
representations, warranties or obligations of Sellers set forth in this Agreement that has
not been waived by Purchaser; and.
(d) Purchaser shall have received proceeds of not less than $100,000,000 from the
closing of the public offering of securities contemplated by the draft registration
statement (the Registration Statement) on Form S-11 provided by Purchaser to
Seller prior to the date hereof (the IPO Condition).
The foregoing conditions contained in this Section 8.2 are intended solely for the benefit of
Purchaser. Purchaser shall at all times have the right to waive any condition precedent, provided
that such waiver is in writing and delivered to Seller and Purchaser.
8.3 Failure of Conditions to Close of Escrow. Escrow Holder shall be responsible for
confirming, on or before the Close of Escrow, that the conditions to the Close of Escrow set forth
in Sections 8.1 and 8.2 hereof, and as set forth elsewhere in this Agreement, have been satisfied.
Purchaser and Sellers hereby agree to deliver their Notices to Escrow Holder, on or before the
Close of Escrow, of the satisfaction or waiver of all other conditions to the Close of Escrow
hereunder, and, in the event that both Purchaser and Sellers specifically notify and instruct
Escrow Holder, in writing, to proceed to the Close of Escrow hereunder, all such other conditions
to the Close of Escrow hereunder that are not otherwise satisfied shall be deemed to have been
waived by both Purchaser and Sellers Escrow Holder shall not proceed to the Close of Escrow
hereunder unless both Purchaser and Sellers specifically notify and instruct Escrow Holder to do
so.
IX.
LIQUIDATED DAMAGES
9.1 Default by Purchaser. IN THE EVENT THE CLOSING AND THE CONSUMMATION OF THE
TRANSACTION HEREIN CONTEMPLATED DOES NOT OCCUR AS HEREIN PROVIDED BY REASON OF ANY MATERIAL DEFAULT
OF PURCHASER, PURCHASER AND SELLERS AGREE THAT IT WOULD BE IMPRACTICAL AND EXTREMELY DIFFICULT TO
ESTIMATE THE DAMAGES WHICH SELLER MAY SUFFER. THEREFORE, PURCHASER AND SELLERS DO HEREBY AGREE
THAT IN THE EVENT OF SUCH DEFAULT, IN ADDITION TO ATTORNEYS
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FEES AND COSTS PURSUANT TO SECTION 12.2 HEREOF, SELLERS MAY, AS ITS SOLE RECOURSE AND REMEDY
(AT LAW OR IN EQUITY), RETAIN THE EARNEST MONEY DEPOSIT, WHICH PURCHASER AND SELLERS AGREE IS A
REASONABLE ESTIMATE OF THE TOTAL DAMAGES THAT SELLERS WOULD SUFFER IN THE EVENT THAT PURCHASER
DEFAULTS AND FAILS TO COMPLETE THE PURCHASE OF THE PROPERTY SAID AMOUNT SHALL BE THE FULL, AGREED
AND LIQUIDATED DAMAGES FOR THE DEFAULT OF PURCHASER UNDER THIS AGREEMENT. ALL OTHER CLAIMS TO
DAMAGES OR OTHER REMEDIES IN CONNECTION WITH ANY DEFAULT BY PURCHASER UNDER THIS AGREEMENT ARE
EXPRESSLY WAIVED BY SELLERS (PROVIDED THIS LIMITATION SHALL NOT APPLY TO ANY INDEMNITY OF PURCHASER
THAT EXPRESSLY SURVIVES THIS AGREEMENT). THE PAYMENT OF SUCH AMOUNT AS LIQUIDATED DAMAGES IS NOT
INTENDED AS A FORFEITURE OR PENALTY, BUT IS INTENDED TO CONSTITUTE LIQUIDATED DAMAGES TO SELLER.
UPON DEFAULT BY PURCHASER, IF THIS AGREEMENT IS TERMINATED BY SELLERS, NEITHER PARTY SHALL HAVE ANY
FURTHER RIGHTS OR OBLIGATIONS HEREUNDER, EACH TO THE OTHER, EXCEPT ANY INDEMNIFICATION OBLIGATIONS,
THE RIGHTS OF SELLER RESERVED HEREIN, AND FOR THE RIGHT OF SELLERS TO COLLECT SUCH LIQUIDATED
DAMAGES FROM PURCHASER AND ESCROW HOLDER. IN THE EVENT PURCHASER WRONGFULLY FAILS TO AUTHORIZE
ESCROW HOLDER TO RELEASE THE EARNEST MONEY DEPOSIT WITHIN FIVE (5) BUSINESS DAYS OF THE DEMAND OF
SELLERS WHEN PURCHASER HAS DEFAULTED AND SELLERS ARE ENTITLED TO LIQUIDATED DAMAGES HEREUNDER, THE
PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE IX SHALL BE VOIDABLE AT THE ELECTION OF SELLERS.
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SELLERS INITIALS
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PURCHASERS INITIALS
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9.2 Default by Sellers. IN THE EVENT THE CLOSING AND THE CONSUMMATION OF THE
TRANSACTION HEREIN CONTEMPLATED DOES NOT OCCUR AS HEREIN PROVIDED BY REASON OF ANY DEFAULT OF
SELLERS, PURCHASER AND SELLERS AGREE THAT IT WOULD BE IMPRACTICAL AND EXTREMELY DIFFICULT TO
ESTIMATE THE DAMAGES WHICH PURCHASER MAY SUFFER. THEREFORE, PURCHASER AND SELLERS DO HEREBY AGREE
THAT, IN THE EVENT OF SUCH DEFAULT, IN ADDITION TO ATTORNEYS FEES AND COSTS PURSUANT TO SECTION
12.2 HEREOF, PURCHASER MAY, AS ITS SOLE RECOURSE AND REMEDY (AT LAW OR IN EQUITY), EITHER: (a)
PURSUE AN ACTION AGAINST SELLER FOR SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE; OR (b) RECEIVE (i) THE RETURN OF THE
EARNEST MONEY DEPOSIT AND (ii) REIMBURSEMENT OF OUT OF POCKET EXPENSES ACCORDING TO PROOF NOT TO
EXCEED AN AGGREGATE OF TWO HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS ($200,000). ALL OTHER CLAIMS TO DAMAGES OR
OTHER REMEDIES IN CONNECTION WITH SELLERS FAILURE TO CLOSE AND CONSUMMATE THE TRANSACTIONS
CONTEMPLATED HEREIN (OTHER THAN AS SPECIFIED IN (a) AND (b) HEREOF) ARE EXPRESSLY WAIVED BY
PURCHASER. THE REFUND OF THE EARNEST MONEY DEPOSIT AS LIQUIDATED DAMAGES IS NOT INTENDED AS A
FORFEITURE OR PENALTY, BUT IS INTENDED TO CONSTITUTE LIQUIDATED DAMAGES TO PURCHASER. UPON DEFAULT
BY SELLERS, IF THIS AGREEMENT IS TERMINATED BY PURCHASER, NEITHER PARTY SHALL HAVE
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ANY FURTHER RIGHTS OR OBLIGATIONS HEREUNDER, EACH TO THE OTHER, EXCEPT ANY INDEMNIFICATION
OBLIGATIONS, THE RIGHTS OF PURCHASER RESERVED HEREIN, AND FOR THE RIGHT OF PURCHASER TO COLLECT
SUCH LIQUIDATED DAMAGES FROM SELLERS.
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X.
BROKERS
Sellers and Purchaser each agree to indemnify, protect, defend and hold the other harmless
from and against any claims, actions, suits or demands for payment of any commission, finders fee
or other sum initiated by any other broker, commission agent or other person which such party or
its representatives has engaged or retained or with which it has had discussions concerning, in
connection with the transaction contemplated by this Agreement or the sale of the Property by
Sellers.
XI.
NOTICES
Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, all notices, requests, demands and
other communications hereunder (Notice) shall be in writing and shall be deemed delivered
by (i) hand delivery upon receipt, (ii) registered mail or certified mail, return receipt
requested, postage prepaid, upon delivery to the address indicated in the Notice, (iii) by
confirmed telecopy or facsimile transmission when sent, and (iv) overnight courier (next business
day delivery) on the next business day at 12:00 noon, whichever shall occur first, as follows:
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To Sellers:
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c/o RLJ DEVELOPMENT, LLC |
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Attention: Thomas J. Baltimore, Jr. |
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3 Bethesda Metro Center, Suite 1000 |
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Bethesda, Maryland 20814 |
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Telecopier: (301) 280-7782 |
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With a copy to:
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Gerard Leval, Esq. |
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Arent Fox, LLP |
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1050 Connecticut Avenue, N.W. |
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Washington D.C. 20036-5339 |
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Telecopier: (202) 857-6395 |
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To Purchasers:
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CHATHAM LODGING TRUST. |
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50 Cocoanut Row, Suite 211 |
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Palm Beach, FL 33480 |
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Attention: Jeffrey H. Fisher |
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Telecopier: (561) 659-7318 |
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With a copy to:
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HUNTON & WILLIAMS LLP |
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1900 K Street, NW |
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Washington, DC 20006 |
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Attention: John M. Ratino, Esq. |
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Telecopier: 202-778-2201 |
Any correctly addressed Notice that is refused, unclaimed or undelivered because of an act or
omission of the party to be notified shall be considered to be effective as of the first day that
the Notice was refused, unclaimed or considered undeliverable by the postal authorities, messenger
or overnight delivery service. The parties hereto shall have the right from time to time, and at
any time, to change their respective addresses and each shall have the right to specify as its
address any other address within the United States of America, by giving to the other party at
least thirty (30) days prior Notice thereof, in the manner prescribed herein; provided, however,
that to be effective, any such change of address must be actually received (as evidenced by a
return receipt). Telephone numbers and email addresses, if listed, are listed for convenience
purposes only and not for the purposes of giving Notice pursuant to this Agreement.
XII.
MISCELLANEOUS
12.1 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance
with the laws of the State of Maryland. If any legal action is necessary to enforce the terms and
conditions of this Agreement, the parties hereby agree that the courts located in Montgomery
County, Maryland shall be the sole jurisdiction and venue for the bringing of the action.
12.2 Professional Fees and Costs. If a lawsuit, arbitration or other proceedings are
instituted by any party to enforce any of the terms or conditions of this Agreement against any
other party hereto, the prevailing party in such litigation, arbitration or proceedings shall be
entitled, as an additional item of damages, to such reasonable attorneys and other professional
fees and costs (including, but not limited to, witness fees), court costs, arbitrators fees,
arbitration administrative fees, travel expenses, and other out-of pocket expenses or costs of such
other proceedings, as may be fixed by any court of competent jurisdiction, arbitrator or other
judicial or quasi-judicial body having jurisdiction thereof, whether or not such litigation or
proceedings proceed to a final judgment or award. For the purposes of this section, any party
receiving an arbitration award or a judgment for damages or other amounts shall be deemed to be the
prevailing party, regardless of amount of the damage awarded or whether the award or judgment was
based on all or some of such partys claims or causes of action, and any party against whom a
lawsuit, arbitration or other proceeding is instituted and later voluntarily dismissed by the
instituting party shall be deemed to be the prevailing party.
12.3 Exhibits and Schedules a Part of This Agreement. The Exhibits and Schedules
attached hereto are incorporated in this Agreement by reference and are hereby made a part hereof.
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12.4 Executed Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of
counterparts and by different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so
executed and delivered shall be deemed an original, but all such counterparts together shall
constitute but one and the same instrument; signature pages may be detached from multiple separate
counterparts and attached to a single counterpart so that all signature pages are physically
attached to the same document. This Agreement shall become effective upon the due execution and
delivery of this Agreement to the parties hereto.
12.5 Assignment. Purchaser may not assign, convey and otherwise transfer all or any
part of its interest or rights herein without the prior written consent of Sellers, which consent
may be withheld in Sellers sole discretion. Notwithstanding the foregoing, however, Purchaser
may, not later than five (5) business days prior to the Closing Date, assign and transfer all of
its rights and obligations under this Agreement to one (1) or more wholly owned subsidiary(ies)
thereof, or to an Affiliate(s) thereof, or to any entity controlled (directly or indirectly,
through voting or equity ownership) by Purchaser or any Affiliate thereof; provided, however, that
Purchaser shall not be released of its obligations under this Agreement as a result of any such
assignment. Any assignment as permitted in the preceding sentence shall be conditioned upon
Purchaser delivering to Sellers and Escrow Holder, not later than five (5) days prior to the
Closing Date Notice thereof, together with a copy of such assignees organizational and formation
documents and instruments, a Certificate of Good Standing for such assignee, and copies of the
resolutions of Purchaser and such assignee authorizing such assignment. As a further condition to
any such permitted assignment, Purchaser shall cause its assignee to execute an assignment and
assumption agreement of Purchasers obligations under this Agreement (in form and content
reasonably and mutually acceptable), and such other documents and instruments as Escrow Holder may
reasonably request. Affiliate shall mean an entity that is majority-owned and controlled by
Purchaser or the members or partners of Purchaser or in which Purchaser is the general partner or
managing member.
12.6 IRS Form 1099-S. For purposes of complying with Section 6045 of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, Escrow Holder shall be deemed the person
responsible for closing the transaction and shall be responsible for obtaining the information
necessary to file with the Internal Revenue Service Form 1099-S, Statement for Recipients of
Proceeds from Real Estate, Broker and Barter Exchange Transactions.
12.7 Successors and Assigns. Subject to the provisions of Section 12.5 hereof, this
Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties respective successors and
permitted assigns.
12.8 Time is of the Essence. Time is of the essence of this Agreement.
12.9 Entire Agreement. This Agreement, and Exhibits and Schedules and other documents
and instruments attached to or referenced herein, contain all representations and the entire
understanding and agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the purchase and sale of the
Property, and all prior and contemporaneous understandings, letters of intent, agreements and
representations, whether oral or written, are entirely superseded. In executing this Agreement,
Sellers and Purchaser each expressly disclaim any reliance on any oral or written representations,
warranties, comments, statements or assurances made by Sellers,
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Purchaser, and any of their respective affiliates, and their respective agents, employees,
representatives, attorneys or brokers, as an inducement or otherwise, to Purchasers and Sellers
respective execution hereof. No amendment of this Agreement shall be binding unless in writing and
executed by the parties hereto.
12.10 Further Assurances. Whenever and so often as requested by a party, the other
party will promptly execute and deliver or cause to be executed and delivered all such other and
further instruments, documents or assurances, and promptly do or cause to be done all such other
and further things as may be necessary and reasonably required in order to further and more fully
vest in such requesting party all rights, interests, powers, benefits, privileges and advantages
conferred or intended to be conferred upon it by this Agreement, or to effectuate the termination
of this Agreement and cancellation of the Escrow (if otherwise permitted hereunder). The terms of
this section shall survive the Close of Escrow and/or termination of this Agreement.
12.11 Waiver. Failure or delay by either party to insist on the strict performance of
any covenant, term, provision or condition hereunder, or to exercise any option herein contained,
or to pursue any claim or right arising herefrom, shall not constitute or be construed as a waiver
of such covenant, term, provision, condition, option, claim or right. Any waiver by either party
shall be effective only if in a writing delivered to the other party hereto and setting forth, with
specificity, the covenant, term, provision or condition so waived. Any such waiver shall not
constitute or be construed as a continuing waiver of any subsequent default.
12.12 Headings. The headings of this Agreement are for purposes of convenience only
and shall not limit or define the meaning of the provisions of this Agreement.
12.13 Risk of Loss. With respect to each Property, the risk of loss shall be as
follows:
12.13.1 Risk of Loss. Until the Closing Date, Seller shall bear the risk of loss
should there be damage to any of the Improvements by fire or other casualty (collectively
Casualty). If, prior to the Closing Date, any of the Improvements shall be damaged by
any Casualty, Seller shall promptly deliver to Purchaser a Notice (Casualty Notice) of
such event. Upon Purchasers receipt of a Casualty Notice, Seller and Purchaser shall meet
promptly to estimate the cost to repair and restore the Improvements to good condition and to
replace the damaged Personal Property (Casualty Renovation Cost). If the parties are
unable to agree on the cost of restoration, the matter will be submitted to an engineer designated
by Seller and an engineer designated by Purchaser, each licensed to practice in the state in which
the Land is located, and the engineers shall resolve the dispute. Each party hereto shall bear the
costs and expenses of its own engineer.
12.13.2 Material Loss. If the Casualty Renovation Cost exceeds in the aggregate (i)
One Million Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($1,500,000.00) in the event the Casualty is insured
against, or (ii) Seven Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($750,000.00) in the event the Casualty is
not insured against, either party hereto may, at its option, elect to terminate this Agreement by
Notice to the other party within five (5) days after the date that the Casualty Renovation Cost is
determined, in which case the Earnest Money Deposit shall be delivered to Purchaser, and neither
party shall have any further rights or obligations hereunder, except for any continuing
confidentially and indemnity obligations as provided in this Agreement. If both
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parties hereto fail to timely make its election to terminate this Agreement, then the Close of
Escrow shall take place as provided herein without reduction of the Purchase Price, and Seller
shall assign the insurance proceeds to Purchaser in the event the Casualty is insured against and
shall pay to Purchaser the amount of any deductible, under applicable insurance policies, or have
the Purchase Price reduced by the Casualty Renovation Cost in the event the Casualty is not insured
against.
12.13.3 Nonmaterial Loss. If the Casualty Renovation Cost is in the aggregate (i) One
Million Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($1,500,000.00) or less in the event the Casualty is insured
against, or (ii) Seven Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($750,000.00) or less in the event the
Casualty is not insured against, then, in any such event, neither party hereto shall have any right
to terminate this Agreement, but the Closing shall take place as provided herein without reduction
of the Purchase Price, and Seller shall assign the insurance proceeds to Purchaser and shall pay to
Purchaser the amount of any deductible in the event the Casualty is insured against or have the
Purchase Price reduced by the Casualty Renovation Cost in the event the Casualty is not insured
against.
12.13.4 Eminent Domain. If, prior to the Close of Escrow, (i) all or substantially
all (or so much thereof so as to substantially and materially interfere with the operation of the
Hotel) of the Real Property, (ii) any portion of the parking areas on the Real Property which
results in there being insufficient parking for the operation of the Hotel as established by
applicable governmental codes and regulations, or (iii) any access-way to the Real Property or to
any part of any building with guest rooms is taken by condemnation or eminent domain, at the
election of Purchaser this Agreement shall, upon the giving of Notice of such event or of the
condemning authorities intention so to take the Real Property, terminate, and Purchaser shall
receive a full and prompt refund of all sums deposited by them with Escrow Holder and/or Seller.
If, prior to the Close of Escrow, less than all or substantially all of the Real Property shall be
taken by condemnation or eminent domain, then, if any of the foregoing, in Purchasers reasonable
opinion, materially impairs the value of the Real Property or any significant interest therein,
then Purchaser shall have the option to (A) accept title to the Real Property subject to such
taking, in which event at the Close of Escrow all of the proceeds of any award or payment made or
to be made by reason of such taking shall be assigned by Seller to Purchaser, and any money
theretofore received by Seller in connection with such taking shall be paid over to Purchaser,
whereupon Purchaser shall pay the Purchase Price without abatement by reason of such taking, or (B)
receive a full and prompt refund of all sums deposited by Purchaser with Escrow Holder and/or
Seller. Seller shall not settle, agree to, or accept any award or payment in connection with a
taking of less than all of the Real Property without obtaining Purchasers prior written consent in
each case, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.
12.14 Construction of Agreement. The parties hereto have negotiated this Agreement at
length, and have had the opportunity to consult with, and be represented by, their own competent
counsel. This Agreement is, therefore, deemed to have been jointly prepared. In determining the
meaning of, or resolving any ambiguity with respect to, any word, phrase or provision of this
Agreement, no uncertainty or ambiguity shall be construed or resolved against any party under any
rule of construction, including the party primarily responsible for the drafting and preparation of
this Agreement. The words herein, hereof, hereunder and words of similar reference shall mean
this Agreement. The words this Agreement include the
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exhibits, schedules addenda and any future written modifications, unless otherwise indicated
by the context. All words in this Agreement shall be deemed to include any number or gender as the
context or sense of the Agreement requires. The words will, shall and must in this Agreement
indicate a mandatory obligation. The use of the words include, includes and including
followed by one or more examples is intended to be illustrative and is not a limitation on the
scope of the description or term for which the examples are provided. All dollar amounts set forth
in this Agreement are stated in United States Dollars, unless otherwise specified. The words day
and days refer to calendar days unless otherwise stated. The words business day refer to a day
other than a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday on which banking institutions are closed. The words
month and months refer to calendar months unless otherwise stated. The words year and
years refer to calendar years unless otherwise stated.
12.15 Tax Deferred Exchange. The following provisions shall apply with respect to
each Property:
12.15.1 Seller and Purchaser (Cooperating Party) each agree to fully cooperate with
the other (and any owner of such other party) (Exchangor) (including cooperation with any
Intermediary (as defined herein) selected by Exchangor) to structure the acquisition of the
Property and/or the Real Property as an exchange of property held for productive use in a trade or
business or for investment within the meaning of Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code of
1986 (as amended), and upon request, Cooperating Party agrees to execute additional escrow
instructions, documents, agreements or instruments to effect the exchange; provided, however, that
Cooperating Party shall incur no additional costs or expenses in this transaction, or be required
to incur any additional liability, acquire, accept or hold title to any property (other than the
Property), as a result of or in connection with any such exchange, unless because of Cooperating
Partys default hereunder or under any agreement executed by reason of this Section 12.15.
12.15.2 Exchangor agrees to indemnify, defend or hold Cooperating Party harmless from and
against any and all additional costs, expenses, claims, demands, liabilities, losses, obligations,
damages, recoveries, and deficiencies (such categories being collectively referred to herein as
Liabilities) in excess of those Liabilities that Cooperating Party would otherwise have
if the transaction contemplated in this Agreement closes as a sale transaction, and that
Cooperating Party may incur or suffer, as a result of or in connection with (i) the structuring of
the transaction contemplated in this Agreement as an exchange under Internal Revenue Code
Section 1031 and/or (ii) the execution of any documents in connection with the exchange.
Exchangors foregoing indemnity shall not indemnify Cooperating Party for any Liabilities arising
as a result of or in connection with any default by Cooperating Party under this Agreement or any
default by Cooperating Party under any of the documents or agreements entered into by Cooperating
Party in connection with the exchange or for any negligence or willful misconduct on the part of
Cooperating Party. Implementation of the exchange(s) contemplated in this Section 12.15 shall not
be a condition to the Close of Escrow.
12.15.3 Exchangor, at its election, may substitute for any one or more of them, one or more
persons or entities (Intermediary) as a party(ies) to the Escrow and this Agreement, in
which event the Intermediary shall assume and perform the obligations of
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Exchangor under this Agreement (but without the release of liability of Exchangor for such
performance), and Cooperating Party agrees to accept the performance by Intermediary and shall
tender its performance to Intermediary.
12.16 Covenants, Representations and Warranties. Except as otherwise set forth in
this Agreement, all of the covenants, representations and agreements of Sellers and Purchaser set
forth in this Agreement shall survive the Close of Escrow, except that all representations and
warranties shall survive only for a period of nine (9) months after the Close of Escrow. By
proceeding with the closing of the sale transaction, Sellers and Purchaser shall be deemed to have
waived, and so covenant to waive, any claims of defaults or breaches by the other party existing on
or as of the Close of Escrow whether under this Agreement or any other document or instrument
executed by the other party in connection with this transaction, of which the waiving party has
actual knowledge of prior to the Close of Escrow for which the other party shall have no liability.
12.17 Confidentiality. Other than as required or permitted by the terms of this
Agreement, no party hereto shall release or cause or permit to be released any press notices or
releases or publicity (oral or written) or advertising promotion relating to, or otherwise announce
or disclose or cause or permit to be announced or disclosed, in any manner whatsoever, the terms
and conditions of the purchase and sale transaction for the Properties, nor shall Purchaser or its
agents or representatives disclose, in any manner whatsoever, (a) the information provided to
Purchaser by any Seller or its representatives, or (b) any analyses, compilations, studies or other
documents or records prepared by or on behalf of Purchaser, in connection with Purchasers due
diligence investigation of the Property, without first obtaining the written consent of Sellers
(collectively, Proprietary Information). The foregoing shall not preclude Purchaser (i)
from discussing the Proprietary Information with any person who is employed by Purchaser or who, on
behalf of Purchaser, is actively and directly participating in the purchase and sale of the
Property, including, without limitation, to Purchasers existing or prospective investors,
shareholders, partners, members, existing or prospective lenders, attorneys, accountants and other
consultants and advisors, or (ii) from complying with all laws, rules, regulations and court
orders, including, without limitation, governmental regulatory, disclosure, tax and reporting
requirements. Seller acknowledges that, in connection with the Public Offering and the future
operation of a public company, Purchaser shall be permitted to disclose to its underwriter and
prospective investors any and all information regarding the term of terms of this transaction and
the Properties that Purchaser determines in its sole, but reasonable, discretion to be material or
otherwise necessary or advisable in order to comply with its disclosure requirements.
12.18 Limitation on Liability. In consideration of the benefits accruing hereunder,
Sellers and Purchaser agree that, in the event of any actual or alleged failure, breach or default
of this Agreement by Sellers or Purchaser:
(a) The sole and exclusive remedy shall be against the defaulting party and its assets;
(b) No owner of the defaulting party shall be sued or named as a party in any suit or
action;
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(c) No service of process shall be made against any owner or employee of the defaulting
party (except as may be necessary to secure jurisdiction of the defaulting party);
(d) No owner or employee of the defaulting party shall be required to answer or
otherwise plead to any service of process;
(e) No judgment may be taken against any owner or employee of the defaulting party;
(f) Any judgment taken against any owner or employee of the defaulting party may be
vacated and set-aside at any time without hearing;
(g) No writ of execution will ever be levied against the assets of any owner or
employee of the defaulting party; and
(h) These covenants and agreements are enforceable both by the defaulting party and
also by any owner or employee of the defaulting party.
In addition to the foregoing, and notwithstanding any other term or provision of this Agreement to
the contrary, except as to any Sellers fraud, Sellers shall have no liability for the breach of
any representation, warranty, covenant, indemnity or other obligation expressly stated to survive
the Close of Escrow (collectively, Sellers Post-Closing Obligations), unless and until
the aggregate amount of Purchasers out-of-pocket damages and third party expenses directly
resulting from such breaches shall exceed, and then only to the extent the same exceeds, Twenty
Five Thousand Dollars ($25,000). Furthermore, Sellers aggregate liability under this Agreement
(or otherwise) for the breach of any and all of Sellers Post-Closing Obligations shall, in no
event individually or in the aggregate, exceed two and one-half percent (2.5%) of the Purchase
Price. In no event shall Seller have any liability for punitive damages, consequential damages, or
damages for diminution-in-value, but shall only be liable for Purchasers actual out-of-pocket
damages and third party expenses.
12.19 No Third-Party Beneficiaries. Sellers and Purchaser agree that there are no
third parties who are intended to benefit from or who are entitled to rely on any of the provisions
of this Agreement. No third party shall be entitled to assert any claims or to enforce any rights
whatsoever pursuant to this Agreement. The covenants and agreements provided in this Agreement are
solely for the benefit of Sellers and Purchaser and their permitted successors and assigns
respectively.
12.20 Facsimile Signatures. The execution of this Agreement and all Notices given
hereunder and all amendments hereto, may be effected by facsimile signatures, all of which shall be
treated as originals; provided, however, that the party receiving a document with a facsimile
signature may, by Notice to the other, require the prompt delivery of an original signature to
evidence and confirm the delivery of the facsimile signature. Purchaser and Sellers each intend to
be bound by its respective facsimile transmitted signature, and is aware that the other party will
rely thereon, and each party waives any defenses to the enforcement of the Agreement, and
documents, and any Notices delivered by facsimile transmission.
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[Signatures on following page]
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XIII.
EXECUTION
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed as of the
16th day of November, 2009.
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SELLERS: |
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RLJ BILLERICA HOTEL, L.L.C. |
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By:
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/s/ Thomas J. Baltimore, Jr.
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Thomas J. Baltimore, Jr.
President |
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RLJ
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BLOOMINGTON HOTEL, L.L.C. |
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By:
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/s/ Thomas J. Baltimore, Jr.
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Thomas J. Baltimore, Jr. |
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President |
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RLJ BRENTWOOD HOTEL, L.L.C. |
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By:
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/s/ Thomas J. Baltimore, Jr.
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Thomas J. Baltimore, Jr. |
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President |
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RLJ DALLAS HOTEL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP |
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By:
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RLJ Dallas Hotel Gen-Par, L.L.C. |
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General Partner |
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By:
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/s/ Thomas J. Baltimore, Jr.
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Thomas J. Baltimore, Jr. |
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President |
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[Signatures continued on next page.]
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RLJ FARMINGTON HOTEL, L.L.C. |
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By:
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/s/ Thomas J. Baltimore, Jr.
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Thomas J. Baltimore, Jr.
President |
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RLJ
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MAITLAND HOTEL, L.L.C. |
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By:
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/s/ Thomas J. Baltimore, Jr.
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Thomas J. Baltimore, Jr.
President |
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PURCHASER: |
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CHATHAM LODGING TRUST |
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By:
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/s/ Jeffrey H. Fisher
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Name: Jeffrey H. Fisher
Title: Chief Executive Officer |
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ESCROW HOLDER HEREBY ACKNOWLEDGES
AND AGREES TO THE ESCROW INSTRUCTIONS
SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT.
CHICAGO TITLE INSURANCE COMPANY
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BY:
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/s/ R. Eric Taylor
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Name: R. Eric Taylor |
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Title: Vice President and Senior Counsel |
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Dated: November 16, 2009
46
exv23w1
Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We hereby consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form S-11 of our report dated
November 4, 2009 relating to the balance sheet of Chatham Lodging Trust (a development
stage company), which appears in such Registration Statement. We also consent to the reference to
us under the heading Experts in such Registration Statement.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Fort Lauderdale, Florida
December 7, 2009
exv23w2
Exhibit 23.2
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We hereby consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form S-11 of Chatham Lodging Trust
of our report dated November 30, 2009 relating to the combined financial statements of RLJ
Billerica Hotel, LLC, RLJ Brentwood Hotel, LLC, RLJ Bloomington Hotel, LLC, RLJ Dallas Hotel
Limited Partnership, RLJ Farmington Hotel, LLC, and RLJ Maitland
Hotel, LLC (collectively the Initial Acquisition Hotels), which appears in such Registration Statement. We also consent to the
reference to us under the heading Experts in such Registration Statement.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
McLean, Virginia
December 7, 2009